Igesi lokuvuza i-alamu: izinhlobo, izici

Cishe nsuku zonke kukhona ukuqhuma nemililo ehlukahlukene yemililo eyenzeka lapho igesi lingena ekamelweni. Ukuze ugweme izimo ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa inzwa yokuvuza kagesi. Isebenza ukusetha okuqukethwe kwayo emoyeni. Ezimweni ezibucayi, le divayisi izisa abasebenzi abakuzungezile ukuthi bavuza kakhulu. Insizwa yokuvuza igesi ingaba ne-valve yokuvala ehlukile ekulungiseleleni kwayo, okusebenza ukuvala ukugeleza kwamafutha. Amamodeli alula kakhulu anquma ukugxila kwegesi ethile. Futhi uma umkhawulo ovumelekile udlula umkhuba, ubonisa lokhu. Ngaphandle, le imishini yokusebenza yeselula, engafakwa noma yikuphi. Njengomthetho, isetshenziselwa ukuphepha ezimweni zasekhaya. Kodwa ezinye izinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa izakhiwo zezimboni zisetshenziswa kakhulu emakethe.

Ziyini izinzwa zokuvuza?

Zinezinhlobo ezimbili. Wired and wireless. Uma sibheka igama labo, singasho ukuthi zihlukile komunye nomthombo wamandla. Uhlobo lokuqala luxhunywe kumandla omkhaya, nge-voltage engu-200 V. Uhlobo lwesibili lusebenza ngosizo lwamabhethri akhethekile. Lezi zamuva zifakwa ngaphakathi kwenzwa ngokwayo.

Futhi, inzwa yokuvuza igesi ihlukaniswa yindlela yokunquma ukuhlushwa kwamafutha okufaka imvelo. Ngakho, kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo. I-Semiconductor, i-infrared ne-catalytic.

Uhlobo lokuqala lusebenza nge-semiconductors, isimiso sokubamba i-oxide yegesi evuthayo ekushiseni okuthile. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamadivayisi zifana nezibani eziqhumayo ekuklanyweni kwazo. Umsebenzi wakhe wenziwa ngesisekelo sokushisa kwegesi, kuyilapho uhlahlela zibe izingxenye ezimbili: amanzi kanye ne- carbon dioxide. Amadivaysi alo hlobo lokugcina anquma ukuhlushwa kwephethiloli, ngenxa yokungenwa kwe-medium, ephakathi kwe-infrared spectrum.

Izici zezinzwa zokuvuza

Njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngaphambili, zonke izinzwa zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili - zihlangene futhi zingenantambo. Manje cabangela ngokuningiliziwe izici zabo. Ukushisa kwegesi okufakwe emanzini okusebenzayo okuvela kumuntu ojwayelekile womthengi wenethiwekhi kagesi, nge-voltage engu-220 V. Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zingaphephile. Uma kunomthelela ophezulu wegesi emvelweni, noma yikuphi ukuvalwa kuzoholela ekuqhumeni. Kodwa lo mqondo awulungile. Idivayisi ihlangene ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile. Ngakho-ke, kwenzeke ukuqhuma ngenxa yesigamu esifushane akusongeli. Izinzwa zokuvuza kwegesi zendlu ewucwecwe zinezindleko eziphansi, kanti futhi kulula ukubhekana nazo. Uhlangothi lwabo olubi yiwona osebenzisa amandla aphezulu okudingekayo ukuze kusetshenzwe izinzwa ezihlukahlukene.

I-gasless ukuvuza inzwa isebenza ngokusebenzisa ibhetri eyakhelwe ngqo ezindlini. Siyabonga, ungafaka amadivayisi noma kuphi. Baphinde badle ugesi okwanele. Ngakho-ke, azisetshenziselwa izimboni zezimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zamadivayisi ziphakeme kakhulu.

I-gas ukuvuza inzwa nge valve

Njengamanje, amadivayisi ane-valve noma amanye ama-valve avaliwe asetshenziswa. Emklamo wabo, isici sokuzwa sinikezwa. Uma okuqukethwe kwegesi ekamelweni kuphakeme, kudlulisela isignali yesifunda kagesi, futhi ivala. Khona-ke, i-valve ivala futhi uphethiloli ungena ekamelweni. Njengomthetho, idivayisi ifakwe ngaphambi kwanoma yimiphi imishini yegesi, isibonelo, isihlungi, umshini wokushisa, ikholomu, njll Ukufakwa kwezinto ezinjalo kufanele kwenziwe ngunkosi ekhethekile. Ubeka ukufakwa kwamagagasi okuma emgqeni bese uhlola ukusebenza kwawo kahle. I-valve inomsebenzi wesikhathi eside futhi ayidingi uxhumano kagesi. Ukubuyisela i-valve endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuyivula ngesandla. Ngenxa ye-automatism, umtshina wokuvuza wegesi womndeni nge-valve uye waba ethandwa kakhulu.

Izici zedivayisi nge-alamu

Emaceleni wamanje, izakhi zokuxhumana ezingenantambo zifakiwe, ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi zisebenzise izingxenye zokufaka uphawu. Uma inani legesi liye ladlulisa amagugu ajwayelekile, khona-ke isici sokuzwa siyabangela. Khona-ke isignali iya kumnikazi kufoni ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, umnikazi anganquma yena ngokwakhe ukuxazulula le nkinga. Inzwa yokuvuza igesi nge-alamu inedivayisi ekhethekile. Ingasetshenziselwa uhlelo lokuphepha lwezinye izakhi. Isibonelo, ziyingxenye ebalulekile yendlu ehlelekile.

Indlela Izinzwa Zisebenza Ngayo

Zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezintathu: i-semiconductor, i-catalytic ne-infrared. Izinto zisebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqonda uhlobo ngalunye.

1. I-Catalytic. Isimiso sokusebenza kwalolu hlobo ukuhlukaniswa kwegesi zibe yizinto ezifana namanzi kanye ne-carbon dioxide inqubo yokushisa. Inani elincane lomoya elinenani elikhulu lokushisa lidlula phakathi kwenzwa. Kukhona inqubo evuthayo. Ukuphikiswa kwe-coil kuyashintsha. Futhi kudivayisi kukhona enye ikhoyili, ekhonza ukunquma ukukhula kwamazinga okushisa. Okuqukethwe okukhulu kwegesi egumbini, ukuphakama okuphakeme. Kukhoyili ayikho ngaphansi kwemiphumela, amabhola ashisayo afakwa ekupheleni kwawo. Lezi zinsuku zihlanganiswe ngendwangu yesilazi. Idivaysi enjalo isebenza njengenxephezelo. Ulwazi mayelana nokuqukethwe kwegesi emoyeni kuza emillisecond embalwa.
2. Izinzwa ze-Semiconductor. Isimiso sabo sokusebenza sifana nalokho esetshenziselwa insimbi yokuzikhethela. I-silicon wafer isetshenziswa njengesici esibucayi. Ngaphezulu, i-metal oxide isetshenziswa. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye zekhompuyutha. Uma kwenzeka i-particle yegesi ewela phezulu, kuguquka ukuguquka, okuhambisana nokuhlushwa kwezinto ezinobungozi emoyeni ophansi. Amadivayisi anjalo asetshenziselwa kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ngeke isetshenziselwe izinhloso zezimboni, ngoba ukuhlushwa kwamafutha athile kunzima ukunquma. Enye yezimfanelo ezimbi kuyisiphetho esincane, kanye nesikhathi eside sokutakula, esidinga ukulawulwa kwabasebenzi.
3. Iphathwe kabi. Zisetshenziselwa izinhloso zezimboni ukucacisa okuqukethwe kwegesi ekamelweni. Uma sikuqhathanisa ngezinhlobo eziphilayo, khona-ke kukhona izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Phakathi kwabo, isikhathi sokuvala okusheshayo nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi kungahlukaniswa. Umgomo womsebenzi uqukethe ukuhlaziya izinhlayiya zegesi ngosizo lokukhanya. Amagagasi akhanyayo atholakala kuhla lwama-infrared. Ngakho-ke, ekuhlaziyweni, kusetshenziselwa amagagasi amabili: i-reference eyodwa kanye nophenyo olulodwa. Ngomthombo othile wokukhanya udlulisa abezindaba ababili, bese ubuyela emuva. Insimbi ibuye ihlaziye izimpawu ezihambelanayo bese ikhombisa inani lamapetroli egumbini.

Ukufakwa kwamagesi we-gas ukuvuza

Indawo yabo ixhomeke kuhlobo lwegesi elikhiqizwayo. Isibonelo, uma ubuningi bayo bungaphezu kwemoya, amadivayisi afakwe ezingxenyeni ezingezansi kodonga. Uma igesi yemvelo isetshenzisiwe, khona-ke indawo iyashintsha okuphambene nalokho, okungukuthi, isici siphezulu ngaphansi kwelayili. Uma ufaka imishini, kufanele ulandele imithetho ethile:

• Ungafaki izinzwa eduze kwezinto ezihlukahlukene zegesi;
• Akunakwenzeka ukuwafaka kumagesi kagesi;
• Ukufakwa kwenzeka ekamelweni lapho umoya ungena khona;
• Ungafaki eduze kwamafasitela neminyango;
• Ungafaki izinsimbi emakamelweni okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-ammonia.

Isevisi

Uma uthenga indawo yomshini wokuvuza igesi, usuvele usefomini elungiselelwe. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokufakwa akudingekile ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi wokulungiselela. Emva kokufaka it, kufanele uyigcine okwesikhashana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuba kwenziwe ukuhlanzwa uthuli kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezindaweni eziseduze zedivayisi. Kule ndaba, ungayidluli ukuze ungakhubaza isici sokuzwa.

Enye iphuzu elibalulekile - ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-gas kuya inzwa. Ungakwenza nge-lightweight evamile. Ngemuva kokuthi inzwa isebenze, udinga ukunaka isignali yokuxwayisa. Kumele kube nokuzwakala okukhulu ukuzwakala yibo bonke abagadi. Ngemuva kokushisa kwegesi, idivayisi ibuyiselwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Uma ngabe amadivaysi anesigqoko sokumisa, i-operability ihlolwe ngesandla.

Izindleko

Inani lentengo lixhomeke ekugxileni kwegesi okumelwe izimisele. Futhi kule nkomba kubandakanya uhlobo lwemishini. Amadivayisi angenantambo angaphezulu kakhulu kunama-wired. Intengo yabo ibubanzi bama-ruble angamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili kuya kuzinkulungwane ezine.

Ukubuyekeza kwamakhasimende

Abasebenzisi abaningi bezinzwa zokudubula kwedatha banelisekile ngomsebenzi wabo. Basabela ngokushesha ngokuqukethwe okukhulu kwegesi ekamelweni. Imakethe inenani elikhulu lamadivaysi anjalo, ahluke kumgomo wokusebenza nomthombo. Ngakho-ke, umuntu ngamunye angakhetha uhlobo olufanele.

Isiphetho

Kuze kube manje, imililo eminingi ibangelwa ukuvuza kwegesi. Izimo ezinjalo kufanele zivinjelwe. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi bafake izinzwa zokuvuza. Bazisa umnikazi wefulethi noma ibhizinisi mayelana nokugxila kwegesi emoyeni. Izinsimbi ezinjalo zisiza ekusindiseni hhayi kuphela impahla, kodwa nempilo yabantu.

Ngakho-ke, sithole ukuthi lawa madivayisi amele ukuthini.