Ikhukhamba ecole F1: ukubuyekezwa, ukutshalwa technology, incazelo (izithombe)

Tibhidvo ethandwa kakhulu esitshalwe izingadi Russian - ikhukhamba. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukucabanga ukungabi khona umkhiqizo kazwelonke, ngakho umbono yokuzalanisa akagcini ekuthuthukiseni izinhlobo ezintsha kanye izakhiwo ngcono. agrofirm isebangeni "Semko" ikhukhamba F1 ecole, isithombe ehambisana libhekisela kuyinto phakathi nzalo korotkoplodnym nge inkathi alisho lutho olutheni ezikhulayo, wafaka izinsuku ezingu-48. Ake sixoxe nezinye izimfanelo yalesi zemifino.

Ikhukhamba ecole F1: Incazelo

Self-impova, ikhukhamba beloshipny kuyinto ehlathini compact zom buketnogo uhlobo kulandele kumiswa kakhulu amaqanda (4-5 izicucu ku axil). Fruiting iqala ezinsukwini 42-46 emva ukuhluma.

Rich umbala oluhlaza kanye liphinyiselwe "amaqupha" izithelo - izici ehlukile ye-hybrid - Gherkin mini. Yield umxhwele - ne izitshalo ukunakekelwa okuhle ukunikeza 18-20 kg 1 m ^2, futhi lokuqoqa ukhukhamba - 7-8 kg. Lokhu ibangelwa internodes iDemo kanye kwenkathi ende fruiting. isivuno eNkulu hybrid inikeza ikhono ukudubula elalivela esihlahleni ukhukhamba, ukhukhamba, 4-5 cm eside futhi esetshenziselwa pickling noma salting. Abalimi iziqinisekiso ukuthi ikhukhamba ecole F1 - ezinhle grade ukhukhamba, kuqinisekisa hybrid isakhiwo obukhulu ngaphandle kokunikeza ukwelashwa ukushisa ukwakha voids. Lokhu buwusizo oluyigugu kakhulu, futhi njengoba izithelo fresh ifa ukunambitheka omuhle, ukuze kamuva sikhulume mayelana multi-purpose yabo.

Ngaphandle izici ezingenhla, ikhukhamba F1 ecole (Izibuyekezo horticultural siliqinisekise) has Izakhiwo ezilandelayo:

• ngokulinganayo ikhula ngempumelelo futhi lithele izithelo njengoba emkhakheni futhi abamba ukushisa izimo evulekile;
• lomkhiqizo okusezingeni eliphezulu kuvikelwe isilinganiso zakudala ubude Gherkin ububanzi - 3/1;
• yokuntuleka umunyu izithelo;
• Ukumelana ezinhle izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane: Cladosporium, powdery isikhutha, ikhukhamba KaMose.

Harvest kufanele kube njengoba nje gherkins ukufinyelela ubude 5-7 cm, njengoba izithelo yene ulahlekelwe ukunambitheka kwabo, njenganoma yikuphi imifino overripe.

Ikhukhamba ecole F1: nezinsuku ukutshala nokutshala

I ezithela engcono yale ezihlukahlukene ezithela ku loam medium, ukuhlinzeka ezinhle emoyeni permeability. Ngo esindayo zobumba nenhlabathi emoyeni ukuze izimpande ibolile sawdust kunezelwa, dilution obukhulu isimo somhlabathi. izindawo ekhethwayo lapho ngaphambili kutshalwa Solanaceae, onion, iklabishi noma amazambane.

ikhukhamba Grown F1 ecole (Semko ikholomu.) Imbewu noma yisithombo indlela, okuvumela ukuba ukusheshisa isikhathi sokuvuna.

Hlwanyela imbewu efudumele 15 ° C emhlabathini. Lokhu lokushisa okungenani ngezansi okuyinto alibale ukuthuthukiswa zalesi sihlahla, ngoba ekuqaleni thermophilic. Ngo esipholile sezulu esishintshashintshayo embhedeni evulekile yamakhukhamba abatshalwé minyaka eyishumi ezinsukwini Meyi. Ezidingekayo ekukhuleni ezinhle Amazinga okushisa emini akufanele kube aphansi 22-24˚S nobusuku - 18˚S. imbewu Izithombo ezihlwanyelwe Apreli. Njengoba ezindaweni eziningi Russian sezulu kunalokho nokhahlo, ukusetshenziswa kabusha isiko indlela yokutshala the ningi NEMPUMELELO NGAPHAKATHI abamba ukushisa.

ukulungiselela imbewu

Nzalo, ngokuvumelana balimi abanolwazi angadingi zangaphambi ukulungiselela, Nokho umkhuba ukufukula ekhona izitshalo ezifana ikhukhamba F1 ecole. Incazelo Lona inqubo: Nquma ukutshala izinsuku, kudingeka alungiselele imbewu emanzini ane isixazululo we stimulator ( "Appin", "Zircon"), okuyinto hhayi kuphela oyenza ukuthuthukiswa zalesi sihlahla, kanyekanye eqinisa uhlelo kwamasosha omzimba esilwane nekwenyusa ukumelana ukucindezeleka, kodwa futhi uvikele ezifweni ezivamile. Isixazululo ibhalwe ngokwezinto olinganise Kunconywa imiyalelo anezelwe. Ngemva ukushukuma, imbewu izinsuku 2-3 ibekwe endaweni olumanzi, ezifana indwangu, futhi ushiye ukuba sikhukhumale, igade ukuze iphepha ingabe yini wome. imbewu livuvukele noma achamusela ziqhume ngokoqobo ngosuku lwesibili ngemva kokutshala.

Ukutshala izithombo

Ikhukhamba ecole F1, ubuchwepheshe kabani ukutshalwa ilula, iyahluma ikhule ibe yinde, kodwa amahlumela ethambile. Ngakho-ke ohlwanyelwe izithombo kungcono ngesikhathi esisodwa izimbiza ahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhukhamba uhamba ezimbi ukucwila emanzini ngokuphelele, eside egula, kepha imisiwe ukuthuthukiswa. Landing e izinkomishi ngabanye uqinisekisa izithombo eliphezulu, izinkomba main zazo zimi kanje:

• stem oqinile (akazidluli 0.3 m ukuphakama) ne internodes okufutshane;
• umbala aluhlaza amahlamvu kungekho inclusions;
• izimpande asethuthukile.

Ukuntula izakhi noma ukukhanya nethonya elilimazayo ukuthuthukiswa izitshalo - izithombo sisalokhu. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kumele bathobele imithetho:

• silondoloze lokushisa emoyeni ngaphakathi 20-25˚S;
• ukuhlinzekela ukukhanya kuhle futhi izibani ezengeziwe lokuchibiyela zingahlelwa uma kunesidingo.

Ukunakekela izithombo

Ukukhokhela ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze ukuthambisa. It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba uthele izithombo ngokulambisa lihluma, ngoba umswakamo ngaphakathi isitsha namanje ngokwanele futhi izithombo beya awukwazi ukubekezelela ngokweqile yayo, lokhu kungabangela izilonda webhaktheriya noma fungal. Ukuze igweme izinkinga ezinjalo, ukuthambisa izithombo ezikhulayo kumele zincishiswe. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi esikhathini esincane ukuze yisithombo of ikhukhamba akukho ngaphezu kwenyanga. izithombo Kusobala ukumila kahle.

ukutshala izithombo

Isikhathi incike sezulu, izinga lokushisa inhlabathi kanye isimo ukuvela. Zonke izimo ezibalwe esihlokweni kufanele ihlonishwe futhi betshala ikhukhamba F1 ecole. Lokhu kuyaphawuleka ikakhulukazi uma kokutshala ekhanyayo, njengoba ngisho ukukhanya ukubuya entwasahlobo yesithwathwa kuzoletha idilike yonke imizamo. Ngokuvamile ezinsukwini ezibandayo ugema nge izitshalo ukufukamela ifilimu engadini noma impahla nonwoven, elibanjwe yi-arc. Kukhethwa esihlalweni nakho kubalulekile kakhulu. Ikhukhamba ecole F1 impendulo kuyinto omuhle kakhulu. He khula kahle futhi ukunika isivuno ezindaweni nelanga futhi evikelwe emimoyeni enyakatho. Kodwa indlela elula xaxa - ezikhulayo izitshalo in zokugcina, lapho isivuno uzobe okuqinisekisiwe.

Abalimi wazi ukuthi ukufika kuyadingeka ukungcwaba neziqu yamakhukhamba ukuze andise uhlelo izimpande zazo. Lokhu kuyafaneleka kuphela ezindaweni eseningizimu yezwe. Kusukela Ukwakha-up of inqwaba izimpande eyeka ekukhuleni zasemoyeni ingxenye, ukuthi ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa elithokomele nge esifushane futhi cool ikhukhamba ehlobo akanayo isikhathi ukunikeza isivuno ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala izithombo ku seedbed noma abamba ukushisa, kufanele bangcwabe yisithombo ezingeni lapho kwaba ebhodweni.

Ngokutshala ikhukhamba izithombo kufanele uzilungiselele. Ngelinye isonto ngaphambi kokuqala kokwehla yayo toughened - ume endaweni evulekile ngesikhathi ulawula izinga lokushisa.

Soil Ukulungiselela kanye zokugcina

Ukuze kungabikho muntu ophathwa ezithathelwanayo isishayo inhlabathi ekwindla kanye kuzo zonke izingxenye abamba ukushisa (Uhlaka bese enamathela non-esikhiphekayo) aphathwa necebo zethusi sulfate. Ngaphambi kokuba atshale emhlabathini eyenziwe kahle ibolile umquba noma umquba izinga by 15-20 kg per imitha square ngemba. Njengoba ikhukhamba F1 ecole (izilinganiso balimi siliqinisekise) - wakhula isitshalo ukutshala izimbobo wahlela indawo yokulala hothouse ezimbili imigqa, ibanga phakathi okuyinto 0.5 m Isikhala phakathi izimbobo kuhluka 35 kuya 40 cm, basuke ahlelwe ngendlela uvalo .. Ukutshala ngaphansi kohlelo ezinjalo kusiza ukunakekela izitshalo futhi inikeza ukufinyelela emgqeni wesibili. Ngokusekelwe varietal izici hybrid, kwabantu ukutshala izithombo kumele singeqi 4-5 izitshalo ngamunye imitha square. Ukutshala akufanele ewugqinsi. Lokhu kuholela ukuvela izifo, ukulahlekelwa isethulo futhi izithelo esihlahleni sokufa. I emithonjeni ukujula kuyinto 12-15 cm. Ngaphambi kokwehla ukukhiqiza ukuthambisa okuhle. Izimbiza nge izithombo zifakwa ngokuphelele esitsheni amanzi, khona-ke ukuthatha out yisithombo kanye yinhlama umhlaba, ukuhlela in emgodini. Ngomusa esishunyekiwe yisithombo inhlabathi, ohlangene waphuzisa futhi.

Isidingo asekelana garters

Abamba Ukushisa ukutshalwa kuhilela ukusetshenziswa amabombo hybrid, okuyinto ubambe ehlathini sesimweni eqotho, okuyinto ikhulisa inani lalezi zimbali futhi ezithela eliphezulu eqinile futhi fetus enempilo bangaveziwe isifo, ngokuvamile ezivukayo ukuxhumana emhlabathini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izihlahla kahle fixed kusiza kakhulu yesondlo. Njengoba ezinconywe abatshali wazibonela isekela garter izintambo ezilula thuluzi noma njengendlela trellis - ngehele rod lokhuni noma le plastic nge eziningi ezihlukene zamangqamuzana (20 kuya ku-50 cm). Bopha amahlumela njengoba zikhula

Ukunakekela isiko

Ikhukhamba ecole F1 (umakhi "Semco") lisho nzalo nge-avareji amagatsha side amahlumela. Nokusingatha nesenzakalo yabo kufanele ngempela, ngoba lesi sitshalo, ukukuziba lokho kumiswa mass oluhlaza kakhulu kunciphisa fruiting. Ngemva ukwakheka 6-7 leaf emaphakathi stem hybrid ingcosana eqabulayo ekhelini kanye nokwenyuka ezithela. Ukuze fruiting kokushiya 1-2 eqinile sifanamsindvo, ngakolunye uhlangothi amahlumela ukuthi zikhule kusukela axils amaqabunga bafa, kusale iziphunzi encane. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuqoqwa esifike izithelo.

imibhede Ikhukhamba kufanele igcinwe ihlanzekile futhi icocekile. Ephansi, ziba ngcono ngiqaphe futhi ngihlakaniphe Ukuhlakula ukhula njalo kuyadingeka. Kukhona imithetho yamakhukhamba ukuchelela :

• usebenzisa amanzi afudumele kuphela, wasinikeza empandeni;
• Awukwazi nisela isitshalo nge hose, esigubuzele ke lilonke.

yokudla

Hybrid ezidla izikhathi eziningana isizini ngayinye kanye manyolo organic nokumbiwa. Ngo izimbali ekuseni ingezwe 15 amagremu yesixazululo urea, potassium sulfate, superphosphate kanye umquba ukumnika buhlanjululwe ngamanzi endaweni isilinganiso 1:10. I sigqoka asele Kwenziwa isixazululo of ukumnika noma green umquba umquba (1/10) kube kanye njalo emavikini 2-3.

Lawa izigaba eyinhloko ukutshala izitshalo ezifana ikhukhamba ecole F1. Izibuyekezo balimi kukhona ngazwilinye: isitshalo ethembisa kakhulu abuye esekele amathemba ezithela ephakeme. Ngomzamo omncane nje, ungakwazi kusimangaze obathandayo nge ukhukhamba okumnandi, namanzi futhi ezinoshukela.