Ikotishi laseChekhov Gurzuf (isithombe)

LaseChekhov sika kuyo ehlobo e Gurzuf, ogama izithombe kuhlobisa iziqondiso eziningi eCrimea, endaweni yokugogobala ngoba bonke labo enakekela izincwadi Russian namasiko. Vakashela kumele okungenani ukuze zibabaza idwala Pushkin nokushona kwelanga.

LaseChekhov eCrimea

LaseChekhov wayemthanda njalo eMoscow futhi zithanda ukuhlala eRussia emaphakathi. Nokho, ngo-1898, odokotela belulekwa umbhali ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuleli uya woma, ngoba ngesikhathi eneminyaka engu ayisishiyagalombili ake waba nesifo sofuba.

Aye eCrimea, Yalta, laseChekhov wathenga isiza lapho eyakhelwe ezimbili storey indlu, okuthiwa "White cottage." Ngo-1899 wahlala khona kanye nodadewabo nonina. Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, umbhali bazi ukuthi kukhona lokubi lokwentile, ngoba bonke ababeza eCrimea, futhi ngathola ukuthi e Yalta laseChekhov uhlala, wanquma ukuvakashela kwakhe. Ekuqaleni, kuba ukhathele, futhi ekugcineni aqala ukuhoxa kusukela uqobo. Lokhu kufakazelwa umlobi ayibhalela komfowabo u-Alexander, lapho ebhala ukuthi esikhundleni Cottages eCrimea imali yabo, yena "wakwazi ukwakha ejele."

Ukuthenga indlu Gurzuf

Ngo-1900, laseChekhov baqala ukuhlangana ne Olgoy Leonardovnoy Knipper, owayekhonza njengomdala actress ku Moscow Art Theatre. Ngakho, wanquma ukuthenga indlu encane uyisiphephelo lapho siphunyuke kusukela ukunakwa ecasulayo abangane kanye abayithandayo. Ngengozi, ezwa ukudayiswa lwesiTatar eqhugwaneni Gurzuf for imali eningi ngalezo zinsuku - 3000 ruble. LaseChekhov wavakashela endlini, futhi uyithandile ngempela, ikakhulukazi ngenxa umbukwane omuhle. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba uye eside Gurzufsky Bay bakhangwa abaculi. Ikakhulu, wahosha H. Bidstrup, R. Kent, I. Aivazovsky, umfundi wakhe marinist Mahtesyan, futhi kamuva - abaculi abaziwayo ezifana kwekhulu lama-20, ezifana izikhwama, Kukryniksy, Bisti, nabanye abaningi. Z Ngaphezu kwalokho, sekuyisikhathi eziphefumulelwe, Mayakovskogo Michael Dudina, E. Rein, B. Chichibabina.

Encwadini ayibhalela udadewabo Anton raved mayelana abakuzuzile, siphawula ukuthi manje umndeni wabo ungumnikazi "lonke Cove lapho isikebhe kungaba ...". Ngokwakho kwaba ngamazwi akhe, lousy, kodwa lalinabashumayeli amakamelo ezine kanye nompheme ezinkulu.

umlando Ikotishi A. P. Chehova Gurzuf

Ehlobo lika-1900 izivakashi wokuqala endlini entsha umbhali babe unina nodadewabo Maria nomndeni umfowabo u-Ivan. Ngandlela-thile kamuva wagcina esehlala khona O. L. Knipper umkakhe esizayo, futhi uMichael laseChekhov nomkakhe nezingane. Ngezinye izikhathi babehambela, futhi umfowabo omdala wesazi Anton Pavlovich - Alexander.

Ngo-August 1900 ngesikhathi dacha e Gurzuf izinsuku ezimbalwa "waphunyuka" futhi A. P. chehov yena. Yena wafuna ukuba yedwa ukuze isebenze kwakuyisenzo sokuqala sokuhlaselwa "Amathathu Sisters." Umlobi wazama akekho sezwa ngalokho esasicashe yakhe, ngakho cishe kwakungekho noyedwa abangane bami ababeya kulo yokuhlala ehlobo phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Ukuxolela babe I. kuphela A. Bunin noVera Komissarzhevskaya. Ngo Gurzuf Anton wanikeza isithombe wakhe odumile actress okudweba nombhalo othi. Kepha Bunin, kwenzeka ku laseChekhov sika kuyo ehlobo ngo-1900, futhi entwasahlobo ka 1901.

Ngaphansi intando umbhali, babhala ngo-August 3, 1901, ingcebo Gurzuf ngemva sokufa kwakhe kwakumelwe athuthe umkakhe O. L. Knipper. Wayeyithanda le ndlu futhi wachitha unyaka kukhona ehlobo. Ukukhethwa kwaba neminyaka yempi kuphela. Siyazi futhi ukuthi ngesikhathi kulwiwa ukuthola amaqembu Kachalovskaya "isiphephelo kukhona abaculi 'okuyinto babuka eningizimu yeRussia. Kamuva, izivakashi kwakufanele Gurzuf dacha S. Richter, I. Kozlovsky futhi O. N. Efremov.

Isikhathi sokugcina O. Knipper wafika eMoscow ngo-1953, futhi eminyakeni 5 Kamuva, yena azidayise Gurzuf dacha umculi Meshkov. Labe uthenge yi-Union of Abaculi. Eminyakeni yokwakha kabusha, ekuthatheni isinyathelo O. Efremov endlini liyobuyiselwa kwindlela kwakuyilapho ushonelwa AP laseChekhov.

ukuchayeka

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe laseChekhov sika kuyo ehlobo e Gurzuf kusukela ngo-1996. Lezi zivakashi we setfulo, ehlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili. Ngo kwelinye lamakamelo endlu ungabona izimpahla zabo futhi imibhalo okuqondene laseChekhov futhi O. L. Knipper, kanti eyesibili - ne ziphephile esizinikezele umlando play abadumile 'Izelamani ezintathu ". Izithombe ethulwa prototypes of izinhlamvu zawo, amakhophi emakhasini efundwayo, incwadi yokuqala, neyesiNorway ehlukile 1901.

Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile phakathi izivakashi izithombe kudlalwé play in the Moscow Art Theatre ngoJanuwari 1901 namalungu aso. Esikhathini Museum ungabona futhi zasesiteji yangempela futhi abadlali encane abathintekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto embukisweni ezinye isiteji play "Three Sisters" Nemirovich-Danchenko 1940.

Lo mbukiso, elalinikezelwe abangane namalungu omkhaya ka wemidlalo

Ngo-1999, A. izwe indlu-Museum P. Chehova Gurzuf ethulwa izivakashi izithombe, imidwebo, imibhalo kanye nezinye izinto eziphathelene nomndeni somlobi. Namuhla, lapho ungabona yakhiwe ekumeni Anton Pavlovich, okuyinto eyenziwe zamaciko adumile. Phakathi kwabo kukhona imisebenzi Levitan, O. Braz (Umdwebo olugunyazwe Tretyakov Gallery 1898), V. Serov 1902, kanye Umdwebo laseChekhov ebusheni bakhe, wadala ngo-1884 umfowabo UNicholas. Museum kanye ezingavamile, izithombe elaziwayo elincane, okuyinto iminyaka eminingi zigcinwa amakamelo endlu-Museum e Yalta wemidlalo.

Ukuthola lapho

LaseChekhov sika kuyo ehlobo e Gurzuf (ikheli:. Str laseChekhov, 22) itholakala ngqo ogwini. Kusukela Yalta (kusukela ibhasi) ukuze uthole khona elula ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Ngu itekisi №106 yokuma "ekuphambukeni" ke - ngezinyawo isiqondiso yashayisa unqenqema. Une ukuya mayelana ikhilomitha.
• Ngu itekisi №31b, eduze Gurzuf. Thola kudingekile esitobhini zokugcina. Khona-ke udinga ukuya 200-300 m, kulandela izimpawu izivakashi.

Ikotishi livulekele izivakashi kusuka April kuya ekuqaleni kuka November, nganoma yiluphi usuku, ngaphandle ngoMsombuluko. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe Yocingo: 36-30-05.

Izindleko ithikithi ngokugcwele - ruble 100, futhi le ndawo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa yisikhumbuzo nengadi futhi bay, kubiza ruble angu-50 ..

LaseChekhov sika kuyo ehlobo e Gurzuf: Izibuyekezo

izihambi eziningi kakade wavakashela Museum yomlobi, bakholelwa ukuthi kuyinto indawo kuwufanele ukuvakashelwa kulabo is iholidi baye e Yalta. Okokuqala, izivakashi ukugubha emkhathini ezimangalisayo ebusa endlini futhi egcekeni lakwakhe, kanye lokujabulela ukubukwa amahle ulwandle. I ethile kuphela, okuyinto zingafundwa ukubuyekezwa eshiywa yizivakashi phezu izinkundla ingxoxo, wukuthi laseChekhov sika kuyo ehlobo e Gurzuf ivaliwe ngoLwezibili, kanye ivaliwe kunazo zonke onyakeni. Kukhona njalo aminyene, ngakho akunakwenzeka ukuba kalula ubuyekeze zonke nemibukiso ethulwa.

Manje ngoba sewuyazi ukuthi lapho laseChekhov sika kuyo ehlobo e Gurzuf futhi kanjani lapho, ngakho ngesikhathi iholide eCrimea uzokwazi, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, wavakashela yomlobi omkhulu, ukusebenza zazo udlala engaphezu kweyikhulu musa bavela esigabeni kuwo wonke amazwekazi.