"Imiphefumulo Dead" ukuhlaziywa. Ukuhlaziya umkhiqizo "Imiphefumulo Dead" by Gogol

"Imiphefumulo Dead" - umkhiqizo oyinhloko Nikolaya Vasilevicha Gogolya, hhayi kuphela esikalini futhi ngokuvamile kwezobuciko ukujula. Ngenxa yalesi umsebenzi mbhali ku-ke baqala inqubo eside yomlobi futhi abantu ukuzazi. Ukuhlaziya "Imiphefumulo Dead" izokwethulwa kulesi sihloko.

Gogol zaphawula emva kokushicilelwa umqulu wokuqala ukuthi zaba isihloko esivelele emisebenzini yakhe - kulendawo ngeke okumbi hhayi esifundazweni, wathi "imfihlo" ngokungazelelwe lolo kufanele uzovulelwa kubafundi imiqulu elandelayo.

"Ekuqaleni Esikhunjeni Esiphaphathekile we" umklamo grand

Kuyaqhubeka ukuthungathwa uhlobo, design ushintsho, umsebenzi ku umbhalo imiqulu emibili yokuqala, kanye ecabanga eyesithathu - izinsalela we grand "Ukwakhiwa ', eyenziwa UNikolai Vasilyevich kancane kuphela. Through the ukuhlaziya "Imiphefumulo Dead", kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi umqulu wokuqala - lena kuphela ingxenye lapho uhlaka nalehleliwe lonke. Lona "ekuqaleni okhanyayo" zomsebenzi, ukukhomba umbhali. Ayikho UNikolai wonder kuqhathaniswa kuye zompheme, babiza i "esigodlweni" okusheshayo wezakhiwo yesifundazwe.

Kanjani uhlelo akazange asebenze?

Izici Ukwakheka nesihloko, okwakhe uhlobo elihlobene ne-ushona kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwezwekazi lase umqondo yokuqala "Imiphefumulo Dead". Ngesikhathi impande umkhiqizo kwaba Pushkin. In amazwi UNikolai, imbongi bameluleka ukuba athathe umsebenzi oncomekayo futhi waze ngisho wasikisela ngesakhiwo nga which he ubufuna ukudala "into efana inkondlo." Nokho, kungasiko endabeni ngokwayo, bangaki iziboshwa ke "wacabanga" kwaba "ukusikisela" ka Pushkin Gogol. Kwakuthinta eyaziwayo kumbhali esizayo kule nkondlo izindaba zangempela ukuthi zisekelwe umkhonyovu nge okuthiwa "imiphefumulo efile". Njengomuntu osemusha, Gogol e Myrhorod kwakunebandla elilodwa ala macala.

"Imiphefumulo Dead" by Gogol ezikhathini Russian

"Imiphefumulo Dead" - serfs, afa, kodwa baqhubeka ibhaliswe kuze olandelayo bukhoma "ukubhalisa-yezinganekwane." Kuphela ngemva kwalokhu base ngokusemthethweni efile. Kwakungemva "ukubhalisa-tale" kulendawo wayeka intela yokuvota ngabo - intela ekhethekile. Okukhona iphepha abalimi angase eyisibambiso, inikelwe noma ithengiswe kuka imikhonyovu ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa ngokunxenxa kulendawo hhayi kuphela ithuba ukuqeda engaphathelene nenzuzo odala serfs, kodwa futhi uthole imali kubo.

ngaleyo ndlela lwabenza "imiphefumulo efile" waba umnikazi we state ngempela ngempela. Adventure protagonist usebenza Chichikov - phetho "Inspirational Thought", ekwindla - ibhodi Labaphathiswa engizayinikela serf ngayinye ukuze ruble 200.

inoveli nokuzidela-picaresque

Isisekelo okuthiwa inoveli adventure-picaresque wanikela 'anecdote "nge" imiphefumulo efile ". Lolu hlobo inoveli bekulokhu ethandwa kakhulu ngoba bezijabulisa ezahlukene njalo. Okudala Gogol wesimanje wadala imisebenzi kule uhlobo (VT Narezhny, i-FV Bulgarin et al.). amanoveli yabo, naphezu kunalokho ongaphakeme ezingeni kwezobuciko, nge yaphumelela kakhulu.

Ukuguqulwa noveli uhlobo adventure-picaresque enqubeni

imodeli Ingxoxo sinesithakazelo kwesikwenzayo umkhiqizo - lena inoveli adventure-picaresque, njengoba "Imiphefumulo Dead" ukuhlaziywa. It is Nokho, kakhulu savela ngokuhamba umsebenzi umbhali wale indalo. Ufakaza lokhu, isibonelo, uphawu lwe-copyright "Inkondlo", okuyinto yavela ngemva epulanini futhi umcondvo lobalulekile Gogol kushintshwe ( "Imiphefumulo Dead").

Ukuhlaziya umkhiqizo lembula izici ezilandelayo ezithakazelisayo. "Zonke Russia kuyoba kuwo," - mqondo ka Gogol, abangagcini nje kugcizelelwe ubukhulu design "Imiphefumulo Dead" ngokuziqhathanisa isifiso yasekuqaleni "nakuba ngakolunye uhlangothi" ukukhombisa Russia, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kwakusho ukubuyekeza eyisisekelo imodeli uhlobo ngokudlule ukhethe. Saba eduze UNikolai ngale bendabuko inoveli adventure-picaresque ngoba ukuthwala abantu ingcebo uhlelo olusha. Kuphela indlela eyodwa umbono Russia isibe "Odyssey" Chichikov.

inoveli nokuzidela-picaresque, walahlekelwa indzima lesembili "Imiphefumulo Dead", wasala imvilophu uhlobo ngenxa yeqhawe nkondlo cwaningo uhlamvu Amathrendi.

Izici isithombe Chichikov

Omunye inqubo esetshenziswa kule uhlobo - imfihlakalo umsuka iqhawe. Uhlamvu main kwaba ngo izahluko zokuqala zencwadi indoda zabantu abavamile, a foundling, futhi ekupheleni umsebenzi, ekunqobeni izithiyo zokuphila, wazithola ngokungazelelwe indodana abazali abadla izambane likapondo, aba nefa. UNikolai kakhulu yaliwe isifanekiso.

Through the ukuhlaziywa nkondlo "Imiphefumulo Dead", kufanele qiniseka uqaphele ukuthi Chichikov uyindoda "phakathi". Umbhali uthi ngaye ukuthi 'hhayi okubi ebukeka, "kodwa hhayi uyathandeka, hhayi izacile hhayi obukhulu kakhulu, hhayi indala kakhulu futhi usemncane kakhulu. Umfundi indaba ezifihliwe ngokuphila owenza phansi sokugcina, isahluko nanye. Kulesi uqiniseka ufunde ngokucophelela "Imiphefumulo Dead". Ukuhlaziywa by isahluko lembula iqiniso lokuthi isizinda umlobi asitshela nanye kuphela. Njengoba lase linqume ukukwenza, Gogol uqala ngokuchaza izinhlupheko sigcizelela "vulgarity", le ordinariness hero yakhe. Uyabhala ukuthi 'isizotha' futhi "amnyama" yomsuka wawo. UNikolai futhi uyayilahla ukweqisa ekunqumeni uhlamvu yakho (hhayi scoundrel, kodwa hhayi iqhawe), kodwa uyama at main njengoba Chichikov - a "lomthengi", "umphathi".

Chichikov - the "ngokwesilinganiso" umuntu

Kulesi uhlamvu, ngakho akukho lutho engavamile khona - okubizwa ngokuthi umuntu "isilinganiso", okuyinto kwaqina Gogol umugqa, abantu abaningi bathambekele. UNikolai ubona ukushintsha lonke inkanuko yakhe inzuzo, ekuphishekeleni ukukhanya ghost nokuphila ukubonakaliswa elihle "ubumpofu womuntu" ubumpofu uzibekela imigomo ekuphileni, futhi izithakazelo ezingokomoya - konke abantu abaningi ukufihla ngakho ngokucophelela. Ukuhlaziya "Imiphefumulo Dead" ebonisa ukuthi Gogol wathatha Biography of umdlali oyiqhawe hhayi okungaka ukumambula ekupheleni umkhiqizo "imfihlo" kokuphila kwakhe, indlela ukukhumbuza abafundi ukuthi lena akuyona umuntu ongavamile, futhi ngempela abavamile. Noma ubani angakwazi ukuthola "ingxenye Chichikov." Ezithile

"Ngokuqinisekile, i" Amaqhawe imisebenzi

Amanoveli adventure-picaresque bendabuko indaba "intwasahlobo" ukuphishekela zabantu ezinonya, abahahayo nabaziphethe ngonya protagonist. Ubani wabalwela amalungelo abo kwengobe isizinda sabo wabheka cishe "esibonelweni esiphelele". Njengomthetho, wasizwa abantu besisa nezinhle, ngokungazi ezwakalisa izimiso umlobi.

Nokho, Chichikov umthamo lokuqala imisebenzi akekho olandela. Futhi enovelini, hhayi izinhlamvu, okungase okungenani ngokwezinga elithile, ukuba ngabalandeli iphuzu umbhali umbono. Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziya umsebenzi, "Imiphefumulo Dead", singabona ukuthi kuphela umthamo yesibili kukhona amaqhawe "omuhle" Kostanzhoglo mhlaba, umlimi Murazov, ezingahlangani ukuba eyonakele izikhulu ezihlukahlukene umbusi. Kodwa lezi engajwayelekile UNikolai izinhlamvu Sikude kakhulu amaphethini inoveli.

Yini ekuchazayo UNikolai kwasekuqaleni?

Ngobuciko, izindaba yokufakelwa babe imisebenzi eminingi kulotshiwe uhlobo inoveli adventure-picaresque. Igxila adventure, "ukuzidela" rogues-namaqhawe. Futhi UNikolai akanandaba ukuzidela umlingisi losemcoka ngokwabo, hhayi yabo "impahla" yi (Chichikov ekugcineni ngathola isimo esifanayo ngokukhwabanisa), kanye nokuqukethwe zabo zokuziphatha nezenhlalo, okuvumela umbhali ukwenza 'isibuko' inkohliso sibonakalisa Russia yesimanje e "imiphefumulo Dead" yomkhiqizo. Uhlaziyo ebonisa ukuthi lena ezweni kulendawo athengisa "umoya" (ie abalimi efile), kanye nezikhulu abanikeza usizo waseLenasia esikhundleni ithiye ke. It has ezinkulukazi ezingaba ngesakhiwo semantic komkhiqizo - ngesisekelo Icwele yangempela ahlukahlukene okubekwe ezinye amagugu - nefilosofi ongokomfanekiso. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuhlaziya bamazwe ( "Imiphefumulo Dead"). Ngamunye izinhlamvu ezinhlanu ufanekisela kakhulu - endleleni ezichaza ngayo UNikolai isebenzisa elibi.

Okwehlisa ukuhamba ngesakhiwo

Gogol ngesakhiwo ukunyakaza siyehla ngamabomu, umcimbi ngamunye kuhambisana izincazelo kulomhlaba lapho abalingiswa baphile, kanye ukubukeka kwabo, bethi mayelana zabo izimfanelo zomuntu. Akukhona nje Dynamics, kodwa futhi ukubaluleka ukulahlekelwa indaba adventure-picaresque. umcimbi ngamunye kubangela umkhiqizo "ngendathane" izilinganiso-copyright nezahlulelo, imininingwane, amaqiniso. Le noveli kuphambene nezidingo uhlobo kwaqeda cishe ngokuphelele ezahlukweni zokugcina. Lokhu kungaba ukuqinisekiswa ngokuzimela ngokwenza ukuhlaziya inkondlo Gogol sika "Imiphefumulo Dead". Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa izenzo ezisho izenzakalo kusukela bonke abanye ukuthi kwenzeke kusukela lwesikhombisa isahluko nanye ezimbili kuphela. Lokhu ukuhamba kusukela Chichikov kanye nokubhaliswa itayitela kubo.

Luyakhandla abafundi

UNikolai abafundi bafuna kakhulu - afuna ukungena okushiwo izenzakalo, futhi akazange uslayida phezu, thina bacabanga incazelo efihliwe we imisebenzi 'Imiphefumulo Dead ". Kufanele sihlaziye ngokucophelela. Kuyadingeka ukuba sibone ngalé "Injongo" noma ukubaluleka ulwazi lamagama kombhali ibingakaziwa, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu - ngokomfanekiso generalized. Kunjengoba kudingekile njengasezulwini "Evgenii Onegine" Pushkin sika, co-ukudalwa abafundi nombhali "Imiphefumulo Dead". Okubalulekile, umphumela wobuciko nephrozi Gogol sika is hhayi owenziwa lokho utshelwa ukuthi uchazwa futhi kanjani it kwenziwa. Uyabona-ke, ukuba kanye ukuhlaziya umsebenzi, "Dead Imiphefumulo". Igama liyithuluzi obucayi, okuyinto wayesazi kahle Gogol.

UNikolai waveza ukuthi umbhali, lisuke libhekisela kubantu, kufanele inake yokwesaba nokuphelelwa ithemba ezihlala labo zenzo ezimbi. Namukelwe futhi isihlamba lizathwala elithi "imbongi lyrical." Izimpikiswano mayelana nemvelo ombaxambili izenzakalo zokuphila - intandokazi isihloko imisebenzi kombhali zisithakazelise.

Lena ukuhlaziywa emfushane ( "Dead Imiphefumulo"). Mayelana umsebenzi Gogol sika, ungakwazi ukukhuluma okuningi. Sithole amaphuzu ayinhloko kuphela. Kuyathakazelisa ngigxila izithombe kulendawo futhi umbhali. Ungenza lokhu bebodwa, ekucwaningweni yethu.