Indlela "ukuzwa iphunga" noma "uzizwe"? Ezinye ubuqili isiRashiya

isiRashiya has ngaphezu kweminyaka eyinkulungwane umlando. Ezinye izinkulumo asizange bangabaze ukusebenzisa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, ngokucabangela eyinhloko kungase kubonakale akunangqondo, noma ngisho amazwe. Abezinye Izizwe ukutadisha isiRashiya, kunzima ukuchaza ukuthi kungani impukane abahlezi ogangeni kanye vase etafuleni kuyinto. Futhi kungaba nzima ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusho, gqoka ijazi noma ingubo, ukuzwa noma uzizwa iphunga. Nokho, inkulumo ethi "cha, bubi" futhi iba isibonelo zakudala logic Russian. Kulesi sihloko, sikhuluma kanjani ukusho kahle: "nephunga ukuzwa noma uzizwe."

Hhayi kuphela empumalanga kodwa futhi ulimi - a ndaba ebucayi

Lowo msebenzi kubenzima. chaza ngokucacile ukuthi ungawukhipha kanjani uthi, "ukuzwa noma uzizwa iphunga" abakwazi bonke sezilimi. Ngokuvamile, indlela yokuhumusha nobunzima Russian sicela ubheke izichazamazwi, inkomba impahla, ngisho nezinye izilimi. Ikakhulukazi, abaningi bayazibuza, ngaphansi imithetho Russian - "inuka ukuzwa noma bacabanga kanjalo?"

Zonke izizwe has isithombe ezithile zomhlaba, ngandlela-thile kubonakala ohlelweni kwezimpawu. Kodwa uhlelo ngokwayo imithetho yangaphakathi futhi ukuhlakanipha kwaso. Akukhona nje ukuthi siba ulimi, kodwa kuthatha kithi.

Ukuze uzwisise ukuthi yini umehluko phakathi nenkulumo ethi "ukuzwa noma uzizwa iphunga", akusho ukuthi ngokushesha ukufinyelela kusichazamazwi. Kulula ukuqaphela ukuthi isenzo esithi "ukuzwa" lisho neku- ikhono ngokomzimba ukuze abone imisindo, futhi igama eliyisenzo elithi "uzizwe" ibonisa isimo sengqondo.

Siyaqonda izwe ngaphandle eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba sisangulukile nihlanganyele. Ngokwesibonelo, e-imidwebo, kukhona anemibala abandayo futhi efudumele, umculo kukhona - nomculo onesigqi, njll Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi thina ngendlela engokomfanekiso, ukuzwa ukuthi ukuhogela, ukuqonda lokhu inqubo bezibona ngephunga ikakhulukazi ...

Amagama, ufana nabantu, ungakwazi Ungasondeli nomunye

Igama elithi "valency" kuba ezijwayele eziningi kusukela ebhentshini esikoleni. Ngakho kwamakhemikhali libhekisela ikhono engqamuzaneni ukuhlanganisa uxhumano nomsebenzisi enye i-molecule. Kodwa ulimi, naphezu kwengcebo emagama nemisho, ezibonakala ngaphandle logic, eqinisweni, yilokho ngokuhlakanipha uhlelo ehleliwe izimpawu.

Ngo yezilimi ngokuthi Valence kungenzeka omunye ithokheni kuhlangene Ngamanye amazwi. Ngokwesibonelo, sithi "umgwaqo mncane", "indlela mncane", kodwa "umuntu mncane". Wokufihla, igama elithi "ofundisa buthule 'uthi kangcono ne nezinto ezingaphili noma izingxenye zomzimba, kodwa ungakhulumi nabantu bebonke. Ngo indaba edumile by Anton laseChekhov wabangane bakhe walibiza nomzimba omncane hhayi nomzimba omncane, ngoba lo muntu okukhulunywa ngaye, ngokungafani umngane wakhe "obukhulu", ilahlekelwe ubunikazi bayo nodumo, isibe flatterer oyisicashalala.

Czech wasebenzisa epithet "nomzimba omncane" ngenhloso, ukuze udlulisele enkulu lelandzisako emotionality. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi senza amaphutha okungahleliwe, ngoba ngaphandle nemithetho yolimi etemibhalo likhona futhi ukukhuluma, okuyinto ngokuvamile kungaphezu evamile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uqonde ukuthi ukusho "ukuzwa noma uzizwa iphunga", kubalulekile ukuba siphendukele isichazamazwi achazayo kanye nesichazamazwi salolu izwi Russian. Kodwa logic of the ukwakhiwa kwalezi imishwana eshiwo ngenhla.

What do izichazamazwi

Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lamashumi amabili. babe ngokuphelele alinganayo, zombili lezi zinhlobo - "ukuzwa iphunga" futhi "nephunga". Lokhu kungenziwa bangenile DS isichazamazwi Ushakov.

Nokho, kusukela phakathi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. uhlelo ulimi uye washintsha futhi manje kuphela elungile obscheliteraturnogo izinga luyinhlanganisela "nephunga". Kuyinto kuleli fomu le nkulumo uvezwa Collocations isichazamazwi, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1983 yi-Institute of ulimi Russian. NJENGOBA Pushkin. Lokhu iyona enye yezincwadi yodumo yalolu hlobo.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, "bukhoma" inkulumo ...

Izazi zolimi bekwi nenkanuko edlulele, incazelo kanye Ukulungisiswa kuyinsakavukela etemibhalo. Nokho, kusukela ngo-1983, kuye kwaba cishe iminyaka engu-30, futhi ulimi ishintshile kancane, ngoba njalo futhi zenza kanjalo ngokungayeki eba. Nge ngcono amazinga abantu abaphilayo ngcono umkhakha amakha, kunezinhlobo entsha imimoya, evulekile ezitolo okukhethekile, nokunye. D.

Ngenxa yalokho, thina manje ukubona ukuthi inkulumo ethi "ukuzwa iphunga" ekugcineni awela lingasetshenziswa, futhi kuthuthwe endaweni silulumagama okhokhelwayo. Bamakha ungacabangi mayelana, udinga ukuzwa noma uzizwa iphunga. Ngenxa kubo, omoya uhlobo umculo yomzimba, ikakhulukazi ngolimi imizwa nezifiso.

Ngakho, uma ungazi, ukuzwa noma ukuhogela amakha, ungasebenzisa ngokuphepha enkulumweni yansuku zonke lezi imishwana emibili. Usekuxhumaneni kwansuku ngeke kube yiphutha. Nokho, imibhalo esemthethweni, uma ikhona, kudingeka ukuba, kodwa kufanele usebenzise ukuhlanganiswa yokulinganisa. Uma sikhuluma nephunga ezingemnandi, noma kunjalo, udinga ukusebenzisa igama eliyisenzo elithi "uzizwe".

Yimaphi amanye tento ihlanganisa igama elithi "nephunga"

Kodwa igama elithi "uzizwe" nge amathokheni "iphunga", "iphunga" ihlanganisa izenzo ezilandelayo:

• ukuncela;
• uthando;
• babe;
• ukushicilela;
• sokuzonda;
• akwazi ukubekezelela.

Iphunga kakhulu efanayo kungaba endaweni ethile / endaweni ethile ukufinyelela noma ukungena kanye ukhunjuzwe okuthile, efana noma cha.

Indlela yokuhumusha inkulumo ethi "nephunga" ngezinye izilimi

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izilimi zaseYurophu igama elithi "nephunga" Kanti futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa igama eliyisenzo elithi "bazizwa": fr. "Sentir", Eng. "Zizwe". Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi uma British akazange ucabange indlela ukuzwa iphunga noma uzizwe nezinye ubuqili samanje ngolimi lwabo. Khumbula, ingoma odumile Nirvana "Amaphunga like umoya osemusha". Phela, "iphunga" - ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "nephunga" ukuqonda nephunga. Ungakuchaza kanjani ukuhumusha ku isiRashiya kuyinto igama? I kuhunyushwa akunakwenzeka, akunjalo?

Ngo-Ukrainian lapho okukhethwa efanayo inhlanganisela ukuthi isiRashiya. Against isizinda Inkulumo kwesejwayelekile "vіdchuvati nephunga" e Enkulumweni eyayivame kanye journalism zingatholakala ibinzana "nephunga Chuti '(ngokwezwi nezwi," ukuzwa iphunga ").

Mhlawumbe ukuthambekela sicondze amakha njengoba isici umculo kwezizwe eziningi Slavic.

Ngakho, impendulo yombuzo othi lilungile nephunga ukuzwa noma uzizwe, alikho. Izinga olusemthethweni ukhetho lwesibili, kodwa okokuqala ake uthi Enkulumweni eyayivame nokwenza imisebenzi ethile.