Indlu amagundane: incazelo nesithombe. Kungakhathaliseki endlini igundane Ukulunywa? Indlela ukuqeda indlu amagundane

Indlu igundane - a zama-igundane, okuyinto eye zasakazekela kulo lonke izwe, ngokuba esincelisayo ezivamile. Lokhu kungenxa ikhono lazo ukuba babambisane ezikhona nabantu.

endaweni abahlala

Izindlu igundane, izithombe okuyinto okwethulwa kulesi sihloko, eqinisweni, iyisilwane sasendle. Igama ethola ukuba uhlalwe ngabantu emhlabeni. Indlu amagundane siphile kuyo yonke indawo ezweni, ngaphandle ezindaweni eyiqhwa Antarctica ezinkangala. Igama lesiLatini isilwane - Mus musculus, ngesikhathi esifanayo wanezela kuso izwi lesithathu, okubonisa indawo ophilayo, isibonelo, indlu amagundane, okuyinto uhlala e-eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia - kuyinto castaneus a Mus musculus. Ezweni lethu, njengoba cishe yonke indawo owakhiwe indlu amagundane :. Krasnodar Territory, Rostov Region, le Krasnoyarsk Territory, e-Astrakhan, njll Okukhishwayo kuphela ezifundeni enyakatho ekude.

indlela yokuphila

Indlu igundane uhlala ezihlukahlukene izindawo kanye namathafa, kuhlanganise namathafa ezenziwe umuntu. It is kuxhumene kakhulu ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nabantu futhi ngokuvamile abahlala izakhiwo epulazini kanye nezindlu. Enyakatho, benza kufuduka kwesizini. Ngokwesibonelo, ehlobo kwephuze izilwane ezinkulu ukuqala ukuhambisa endaweni efudumele: grain- nemifino izitolo, izindlu, emafektri. Ibanga Ukuthuthwa enjalo angase afinyelele 5 km. Ngokuvamile bachitha ubusika izitaki e kushe kanye amabhande. Entwasahlobo ka kokushiya "amakota ebusika" zabo, babuyele kulesi izingadi, izingadi zemifino, emkhakheni. Eningizimu, endaweni ngokuvamile ibukhoma unyaka wonke kungekho uhlalwe ngabantu. Kuleli qophelo, indlu amagundane anamekwe amadamu ahlukahlukene, ezivundile.

Emvelweni afake phezu hhayi ngakanye kakhulu, nenhlabathi esithambile. Kukhona elingeyona inkimbinkimbi umbe izimbobo ezincane. Ngaphakathi, bona ahlele zokulala usebenzisa yemifino indwangu ethambile. Burrows Ngokuvamile futhi matasa nezinye izilwane: slepushonok, izimvukuzane, gerbils - noma ukusetshenziswa kwezindlu imifantu emhlabeni kanye izimbotshana zemvelo. Ukuthola ngemuntfu, bona ahlele izidleke zawo ezisemagumbini uvikelekile kakhulu futhi esekusithekeni, ikakhulukazi phansi, e attics, izinqwaba imfucuza kanye nodoti. Ukuze enethiwekhi lasetshenziswa kule ndaba, iyiphi etholakalayo kubo izinto: ezilahliwe Indwangu, iphepha, izimpaphe, uboya, Imicu yotshani ezenziwe umuntu. Indlu amagundane esidlekeni sazo silondoloze ngokucophelela ukuze. Uma kwenzeka ukungcoliswa esindayo zokulala, kakhulu yayigcwala izimuncagazi noma ezimanzi, bahambe nje endaweni, ezihambayo kwezinye entsha.

Emvelweni ziyizilwane ebusuku futhi crepuscular, kodwa abantu bahlale kuwo umbuso wakho wansuku zonke uzozijayeza ngaphansi ezimpilweni zabantu. Ngezinye izikhathi izibani, azigcina asebenzayo usuku lonke, yawanciphisa ngesikhathi umsebenzi womuntu esebenzayo kuphela. Kulesi isilwane umsebenzi polyphase, usuku has ezikhathini eziningi ulokhu uphaphama ukuthi imizuzu 90 20. Njengezinye igundane eziningi, they qhubeka njalo ngaso ukulandela imizila ethile, ukudala izindlela ziphawulwe inqwaba elincane uthuli nomswani, umchamo abethela.

Indlu amagundane kukhona emincanyana kakhulu, izilwane beshesha; basuke ukusebenzisa kahle, gxuma, ukukhuphuka ngisho ukubhukuda kahle. Kodwa abayi ngokuvamile isuswe esidlekeni sawo. Ngamunye igundane in the imvelo kukhona icebo ngawodwana abesilisa kuze kube 1200 m2 nabesifazane kuze kufinyelele 900 m2. Kodwa high density wesilwane imiphakathi axazulule ngamaqembu alingana nomkhaya encane noma amakoloni, ehlanganisa wesilisa oyinhloko, nabesifazane eziningana nezingane zabo. Phakathi amalungu aleli koloni Kumiswa uhlale ubuhlobo phezulu. Abesilisa isihlobo komunye nomunye uvuka indlobane, nabesifazane abonise ubudlova ingasaphathwa ngokuvamile. imindeni iqembu naphakathi-kukhona skirmishes ezingavamile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi bona besekuthunjweni inzalo usukhulile.

incazelo

Indlu amagundane - a, sidla amagundane amancane eside tailed ne okusaqanda umzimba, ikhanda elincane, amehlo, ubuhlalu nezindlebe oyindilinga. Tail ezingavamile embozwe izinwele kanye izikali annular. Izilwane ezihlala imvelo, uhlobo Sable umbala, kulesi simo, izinwele ngasesinqeni se umsila babe sinombala onsundu phakathi ophuzi, kuyilapho ithiphu ezinemibala endaweni grey umbala okhanyayo. Esiswini ukuxegiselwa kakhulu enombala - mhlophe. Kulesi amagundane miniature ukuthi abangu ezifuywa ngu zizalela abakhethayo, banalo ezahlukene enkulu imibala: abamnyama, abamhlophe, grey, blue, ophuzi, kanye nemibala ukuthi sihlanganise imibala eziningana. amagundane White - albino, njengoba beye benza cishe akukho melanin kwemiqondo, okuyinto unomthwalo Umbala izindwangu. abalimi baletha waphansi, eside-onezinwele ezimhloshana, okufutshane-tailed, hairless, satin amagundane abacaphuni.

uhlamvu

Indlu amagundane izilwane ukwazi, ethakazelisayo, ubuqili, ubuqili, kodwa namahloni kakhulu. umsindo esingalindelekile noma imisindo nokhahlo okwesabisa kubo. Ziyizilwane kwezenhlalo futhi ungathandi ukuba umuntu ahlale yedwa. Ngaphandle ukuxhumana kanye ukunakekela indlu amagundane lusizi futhi uqale ukusebenzisa zasendle. Abesifazane - umama omuhle, ubaba kanye nabesilisa imizwa ngokuqondene nezingane zabo zibonisa kuphela uma iseli kungekho abanye abantu besilisa.

Ubudlelwano nezinye ezifuywayo

Indlu igundane - kungcono ezifuywayo, okungaba izinja eziyingozi, amakati, amagundane nezinyoni.

Isimo Sengqondo izingane

Bangakwazi ukuletha kulezo imindeni lapho abantwana kuba iminyaka engu-10 ubudala. Bafuna abe isilwane "efanele", nakuba isipiliyoni ukubanakekela engekho. Abantu abaningi bayazibuza: 'endlini igundane ukuluma noma cha? " Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi akuzona nonya, kodwa kungaluma lize kwadingeka isikhathi ukujwayela kubanikazi imvelo, Ngakho-ke, kumelwe kuqala usize izingane ukuhlangana isilwane futhi yokulawula it. izingane ezincane kakhulu nalezi ezincane, nezidalwa ngamandla futhi emincanyana akufanele ushiywe wedwa.

ukuqeqeshwa

Indlu amagundane - ezifuywayo, okungokwendlela izilwane bayiziphukuphuku kuhlanganise namagundane, ezihlanganisa amakhorali ahlukahlukene zokuhlobisa ngokushesha zijwayele zabanikazi futhi walawula kahle uma zinaka ngokwanele lapho ukhuluma kancane futhi ngobumnene. Bayakwazi ukukhumbula isidlaliso sakhe. Amagundane ngokushesha bacala kubona iphunga womuntu okuletha ukudla, futhi ukumhlangabeza kuyoba ntswininiza kumnandi. Izilwane bangaqeqeshwa ukuze uphendule ezihlukahlukene bashaya amakhwela futhi imiyalo ahlukahlukene, njengokuthi "Ukuze kimi!", "Ukuze Khonza", "Ekhaya"

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Sekuyisikhathi eside ososayensi wafunda indlu amagundane. Kotenkova EV (Sc.D.), isibonelo, igxile lolu daba isikhathi esiningi ukubhala eziningana amaphepha isayensi mayelana ukuziphatha kwabo futhi ngendima yaso izinganekwane lasendulo.

ukudla

In the main indlu amagundane Ukudla - okusanhlamvu kanye imbewu. Bathanda ukudla ukolweni, oats namabele ngosile imbewu ithanga imbewu sunflower. Bangakunikeza imikhiqizo yobisi, isinkwa esimhlophe, tincetu egg elimhlophe inyama abilisiwe. izingxenye Green zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene elakhiwa isilwane lwesithathu ukudla ngemadlana evamile yamanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo namanzi ifolishi amagundane uncamela iklabishi dandelion amaqabunga, ikhukhamba tincetu, beet kanye izaqathe, utshani obuluhlaza basha baqothuka. Mouse phezu kwento idinga ukuba kuze kube namamililitha ezintathu amanzi. Ehlobo bakwazi ukudla izinambuzane futhi izibungu zabo. Amagundane umzimba kakhulu, ngakho-ke, babe in wokuxovela kumele njalo ukondla.

Ukunakekelwa Isondlo

Mouse zimumethe ekhaya kungaba metallic ekubambisaneni yezinyoni, futhi esitsheni akhethekile ngesivalo plexiglass. Kuyadingeka, kanye gxuma igundane ukuphakama. Terrarium noma yezinyoni kumele ibe nkulu ngokwanele, njengoba izilwane bakhuthele futhi badinga ukuhambisa. Encwadini udoti esetshenziswa strip unpainted iphepha noma shavings. Iseli setha indlu (embizeni, ibhokisi, njll imbiza.) Ngaphezu kwalokho igundane batihlele isidleke umkhombe, umkhombe, ibekwe ucezu wokulinganisa, kanye namanye amadivayisi okudlala. Kuze kube yimanje, efanelekayo ephothiwe, amazinga, zokukhosela, amagatsha, kubuye kube efiselekayo ukubeka isondo zokuqalisa.

Terrarium noma yezinyoni ibekwe ngangokunokwenzeka ngamafasitela, radiators, umoya isimo nezicabha, kusukela izilwane ungathandi kushintsha izinga lokushisa, elangeni eliza ngqo futhi okusalungiswa. Ekhethwayo air lokushisa 20 ° C ngo-nomswakama ka 55%. Nsuku zonke kwamaseli futhi scavenge okusalile, geza esebenza ngogesi kanye waterers. Zombhede washintsha katsatfu ngeliviki, okungenani kanye ngenyanga ukuze afeze magciwane kanye yokuhlanza ephelele yezinyoni noma yezinyoni. I indle amagundane banomphefumulo iphunga ezingemnandi okunoshukela. Kulokhu, insikazi ukuhogela kwabesilisa buthaka kakhulu.

Esikhathini terrarium, kuyinto efiselekayo ukufaka izingcezu ezinkulu amagatsha esihlahla ngokuqondile amagxolo (birch, willow, mountain ash) ukuze imfuyo yayingase ugaye kubo bezihlahla. Khumbula ukuthi lezi zilwane Lilac anobuthi. Yezinyoni Ungafaka futhi amathoyizi sokhuni, ngawo isilwane izodlala stachivaya ne bezihlahla. izindlu Lapho ihlelwe kahle indlu amagundane izizinda kungukuthi ezidingekayo. Uma sifuna ukuhamba isilwane namanje uyaphuma endaweni sishaywe umoya wakhe kuyadingeka ukuze kukhawulwe izandla impi noma itafula. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izitshalo ezihlukahlukene endlini zinobuthi ukuze amagundane, kuhlanganise Aralia, yucca, Christmas inkanyezi, indle nokunye.

Lapho okuqukethwe izilwane eziningana ukwakha amaqembu bobulili obufanayo efiselekayo: 2-3 2-3 ephilayo noma iduna noma insikazi kuseli Imininingwane ahlalisane ndawonye kahle. Kulokhu, kangcono ukuthola lawo avela inzalo olulodwa. Izinsana ayikwazi esandleni futhi engathandeki ukuphazamisa umama wabo.

amagundane okunjalo - izilwane ebusuku nobusuku, bakwazi ukugxambukela ubuthongo umsindo eyenziwe imisindo ehlukene, nakuba cikelela imodi womuntu.

isifo

• ezithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane, angenziwa nama-virus.
• Cystitis, izimila omsakazo ezahlukene.
• Mouse Pox, inyumoniya, salmonnelez, zokuphefumula mycoplasmosis, mycoplasmosis zangasese, otodektoz, otitis abezindaba.

Umonakalo obangelwa amagundane

Ukubhujiswa lezi amagundane balimaza Izitoke womuntu silethwe kubo, kanye nemishini kanye zasendlini.

Wild indlu amagundane, ukulwa okuyinto ntu amakhulu eminyaka, ungakwazi angadla cishe noma yini. Ngenxa yalokho, indlu podedennymi abe ukudla, amakhandlela insipho, izintambo nokunye.

Izilwane emafektri badla amabele, ziyafa izitshalo zemifino ehlukahlukene impande, udle esitokisini okusanhlamvu, ngaphezu, kakhulu nilingcolise imikhiqizo zokuphila zabo ekhaya. Amemezela ngentshiseko ukwaba imfucuza yabo, ngakho ngisho labantu encane kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu. Ngakho, omningi walo izilwane ungadli okusanhlamvu, okungukuthi kungcolisa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlu igundane (ukuqeda kubo, sifunda kamuva) - iyinombolo omkhulu abathwali kwamagciwane izifo ezihlukahlukene. Abakwazi adlulisele abantu E. coli, amaqanda helminth, imbangela isifo futhi typhoid fever. Bavame kakhulu ukuphila izinambuzane igazi-abancela, ezifana namazeze namakhizane, wedlula ngenjabulo futhi umuntu ngamunye.

Ngakho-ke, ukulimala eside kungabangela indlu amagundane. Indlela ukuqeda babo, ngeshwa, akubona bonke uyazi. ukubhujiswa Professional kwezilwane sekuba umsebenzi enkulu ezindaweni suburban, emizini yabazalwane, izinhlangano iIgama yomphakathi, kanye izinhlobo ezahlukene ezikhungweni. Le sevisi kungenziwa yayala kusuka izinkampani ezithile, noma sebenzisa mousetrap uyisidala.

Umlando omncane

Emvelweni, ngezikhathi ozalwa igundane emhlophe - albino, okuyinto cishe kungenakwenzeka ukusinda, ngoba zibonakala kakhulu futhi ngokushesha baba inyamazane. Kodwa endulo eKrethe beyigcinwa uyaphila ngesimo iziphandla eziletha sikufisela inhlanhla. Babuye eziqukethwe amathempeli, lapho ngokukhethekile linakekela izinceku. eminyakeni 4000 edlule eGibhithe lasendulo nalapho amagundane ezifuywa equkethwe, ukulalelisisa izinhlobo umbala. Bona abaseGibhithe kuchasiselwe amandla angaphezu kwawemvelo, ngaphezu kwalokho, bona ukuboniswa ezitsheni zabo ngobumba.

Phakathi nenkathi lasendulo kanye nezinyanga medieval sokuphulukiswa potions esetshenziswa amagundane kanye amagundane, kuyilapho e-Asia futhi namuhla basuke ezifuywa ezizowusebenzisela ezinjalo. With ukuthuthukiswa wezilwane lamagundwane zokuhlola kanye namagundane elasetshenziselwa izifundo ezahlukene kokubili izilwane zokucwaninga. Kukholakala ukuthi amagundane zokuhlobisa futhi laboratory ukuthatha imvelaphi yabo kusukela ezimhlophe, lezilamabala black lokulwa amagundane, ezichazwe encwadini edition 1787. Likhuluma ngamaphathi izilwane, ngaleso sikhathi lalisetshenziselwa elwa. abathengisi yabo IsiZulu alethwe waseJapane. Esikhathini esizayo, igundane yakha umugqa olukhethekile indlu amagundane, ngamathayi zokuhlobisa ukuzalela waqala njengoba isilwane.

Okwamanje emazweni ahlukahlukene Western Europe futhi Melika, kukhona Clubs abalandeli amagundane, injongo eyinhloko okuyinto kubhekwa zizalela izinhlobo ezintsha kwalezi zilwane. Ngokuvamile ukuthola imibala akhethekile ezahlukene: grey, omhlophe, obomvu, ensundu, onsomi noma Pinkish namabala. Kukhona nemibukiso ekhethekile eyayibanjwe ne kokuhlaziywa uchwepheshe.

Kodwa ezweni lethu igundane zokuhlobisa kancane eyaziwa kuka e Melika naseYurophu, kodwa asendle aphakathi kwezilwane abalandeli babe ezingasho lidumile Unyaka ngamunye odlulayo. I amakilabhu abalandeli namagundane ehlukahlukene wadala kwesigaba ekhethekile amagundane zokuhlobisa, kuyo evulekile, bekwi ukuzalaniswa kwamahhashi kanye umsebenzi zizalela, nemibukiso aphethwe, lapho, kanye nezinye izilwane ezincane bavezwa nendlu miniature igundane.