Inzuzo amabhizinisi: ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusebenzisa inzuzo. Ukwakhiwa kanye akhawunti inzuzo

Inzuzo into efiseleka kakhulu noma iyiphi ibhizinisi. Kodwa ukuchuma akufanele kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuchitha ngokuhlakanipha. Ngenxa yeNkampani inzuzo, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusebenzisa inzuzo, esizoyicabangela kulesi sihloko.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Kuyini isici esiyinhloko okuyinto etholwe njengengxenye inkampani inzuzo ibhizinisi? Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusebenzisa imali kufanele ahlinzeke izidingo imithombo yezimali ukukhiqizwa kabusha ngokufaka ukulinganisela phakathi izinsiza ithunyelwa ekuqongeleleni kanye ukusetshenziswa. Kulokhu, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kunikezwa sokuncintisana. Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphandle uma sekuhlungwa. Ngempela, sokuncintisana ungaba nomthelela ngokuya umthamo production, nokwanda kwalo kanye nokuvuselelwa kwazo. Ngokusekelwe ezicini eziningana isinqumo sendlela yokuqhubeka kuyoba kumiswa, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusebenzisa inzuzo. ukuthi izimali izosetshenziselwa imisebenzi emikhulu ukutshalwa kwezimali, kukhuphuke dolobha, ukugcinwa kwezesayensi ucwaningo, ukwethulwa ubuchwepheshe obusha, noma okuthize ukusebenza enye - ibangelwa phakathi kwale nqubo.

Kuyini iyona nzuzo?

Ngakho ngokuthi yemali ukonga isisho kukhona amabhizinisi kungakhethi indlela yabo kobunikazi. Ngenxa inzuzo njani imiphumela zezimali wenkampani. Kuyinto isilinganiso ngawo nekusebenta ukukhiqizwa, izinga nobungako bezithelo ukukhiqizwa wadala, ezingeni izindleko kanye nokwethulwa ngokuyiko kwezinhlelo zomsebenzi kubonakala ngokugcwele. Ngenxa yakho konke lokhu inzuzo ingenye izinkomba main kwezomnotho kanye nokuphathwa kwezimali uhlelo, ogxile ukulinganisa imisebenzi yezomnotho tesifundvo. Kuyinto ngenxa imisebenzi inzuzo uxhaso kwi nentuthuko yezenhlalo nezomnotho kanye kwesayensi-technical ibhizinisi kanye ukwandisa yesikhwama amaholo abasebenzi. Nokho, akuyona kuphela umthombo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhona lenkampani ipulazi, kodwa nayo inethonya okuphawulekayo kumiswa ngaphandle / izinsiza kwesabelomali futhi izisekelo yesihle. Inzuzo wamabhizinisi imali ukuthi uhlala emva deducting izindleko izinqubo kanye nokukhokha intela.

ngokucacile

Ezimakethe-zonke samanje inkampani izama ukuthola esiphezulu inzuzo ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kumelwe hhayi kuphela bakwazi ngokuqinile ubambe yokuthengisa imikhiqizo yabo emakethe, kodwa futhi ukuqinisekisa lwekutfutfukisa endaweni yokuncintisana. Ngakho, ngaphambi kokuba uqale okuthile ukwenza noma ukunikeza, ekuqaleni wafunda ngalokho abanye inzuzo kusukela yokuthengisa yayingatholakala. Uhlaziyo ezimakethe amathuba amaningi, futhi uzimisele kanjani inkinga bungatholakala ngempumelelo. Ngemva kokwenza inzuzo - kuwumgomo eyinhloko yebhizinisi, umphumela walolu hlobo lomsebenzi. Inkinga ebaluleke lapho isixazululekile kuleli cala, ukuthola imali ngobukhulu ne izindleko sakugcina. Lokhu kufezwa sibonga umbuso okuqinile umnotho kuyi imali kanye nokufuna njalo yokwandisa imali yabo. Kulokhu, umthombo oyinhloko ukonga kuyinto ukuqhutshwa etholakele ukudayiswa kwezimpahla noma amasevisi (noma ngaphezulu ngokunembile - ukuthi ingxenye ukuthi uhlala emva deducting isamba semali esichithwa ekukhiqizeni nokudayiswa).

isici esibalulekile

Lapho basakaza inzuzo kusukela umsebenzi, khona-ke ihlukaniswe ukusetshenziswa futhi ingxenye lifakwa. Lesi sikhathi kungenziwa igxile imibhalo wokusungula, isithakazelo abasunguli, noma zincike isu lokuthuthukiswa abakhethiwe. ifomu ngalinye lwenhlangano zezomthetho ibhizinisi has a indlela sisebenze ngokusemthethweni ukusatshalaliswa kwezimali, awasalayo anawo ndaba. izici zayo kuxhomeke Sakhiwo sangekhatsi, futhi - ukulawula imininingwane ye-inkampani. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isimo lulodwa kungathonya indlela netinzuzo ibhizinisi uzobe wachitha. Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusebenzisa imali kungenziwa kuphela kwavusa ngenxa izinzuzo ezithile intela. Ngakho, ngokuvamile uthanda ukuthi ukhuluma ngani emisha, ukuphana, imisebenzi kwemvelo, inhlokodolobha izindleko , nokunye okunjalo.

Balance sheet inzuzo lenkampani

Kuyinto into wokusabalalisa kunoma iyiphi ibhizinisi. Lokhu kusho ukusebenzisa isiqondiso inzuzo ezintweni ezithile isetshenziselwe izinjongo ezithile. Umthetho uhlinzekela ukuthi ingxenye yenzuzo niya isabelomali isimo noma uhulumeni wasekhaya ezicashe izintela noma ezinye izinkokhelo wokweshumi. Yonke enye into uhlala wemfanelo inkampani uqobo. Ngakho, inkampani uqobo enquma lapho ukuthumela iningi inzuzo ezivela yokuthengisa. I-oda ukusatshalaliswa inzuzo, kanye nokusebenzisa kwayo ezinqunyiwe kumadokhumenti abasunguli 'futhi amalungiselelo athile achazwayo ekwetfulweni kwetinhlelo tetemnotfo kanye nezezimali kanye ivunyelwe umphathi (abanikazi) noma indikimba ebusayo inkampani. Kanjani inqubo? Kungcono ukubhekana nazo kuyokusiza ukuba Ukucabangela isimo ke linqoba.

Kususelwa okuyinto ukusatshalaliswa inzuzo?

Le nqubo kubonisa oda nesiqondiso ukusetshenziswa kwezimali kunqunywa umthetho, imisebenzi kanye nemigomo ye-ibhizinisi, kanye nezithakazelo abanini-masheya bayo (abanikazi). inzuzo siqu ichithwa ngesisekelo lezi zimiso:

1. Kufanele fulfill bo bopho esimweni.
2. Kuyadingeka ukuba unikeze isithakazelo impahla benzi inqubo ekufezeni imiphumela engcono naleyo ayisebenzisayo ubuncane;
3. Kuyadingeka ukuba khona ekuqongeleleni nokulingana lapho inqubo eqhubekayo kwamabhizinisi ngendlela eyiyo zizonikezwa;
4. Kuyadingeka ukufeza izibopho zayo kubanikazi bamasheya, abakweletwayo, bezimali kanye nabanye.

Inzuzo Distribution Isibonelo

Manje njengoba sesikhulumile ngo alalelwa izimiso okusekelwe kuzo le inqubo okukhulunywa ngayo, ake sibheke isimo enkampanini elinganiselwe isithiyo. Kulokhu, intela kanye resource Kwabiwa yenziwa ngendlela jikelele, obekwe for nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho. Ngakho, ingxenye izimali kungenziwa iqondiswe yesikhwama reserve, okuyinto, ngokomthetho mayelana elinganiselwe inkampani icala yakhiwe ukuqaliswa ngesikhathi esifanele izibopho. Uma omunye wabasunguli uthande pick up umnikelo kwakho lezi zimali izokhokhwa yonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona imali wayenemfuyo kanye ukusetshenziswa. Eyokuqala ihlanganisa izindlela ukuthi esikhathini esizayo uzobe esichithwa ukuthuthukiswa inkampani kanye amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene utshalomali. Okungukuthi inzuzo ukuphathwa inike amanani athile kulezi zindawo ukuthi buthelela kuze kube seqophelweni lapho lemali edingekayo imali. Isikhwama ukusetshenziswa ukwenza ekuthuthukisweni komphakathi, Izibonelelo impahla futhi ukhokhe abasunguli ezithile lemali ezilinganiselwe oyizuzayo yabo kanye neminikelo.

Ingqikithi kwezomnotho

Ngakho, thina sekuxoxiwe imbuyiselo inkampani, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusebenzisa inzuzo ngokuvamile. Manje ake sinake izici ezincwadini isihloko. Ngakho, uma sikhuluma ezingeni kwamabhizinisi, ngokobudlelwano nabanye lezimpahla-nemali engenayo net wathola uhlobo inzuzo. Ukusetha amanani imikhiqizo yabo, izinkampani beqala ukubona abathengi yayo. Kulokhu abazitholayo imali ukuqhutshwa. Kodwa lokho akusho ngempela kusikisela ukuba khona inzuzo. Ukuze sithole imiphumela yezezimali, izimali kufanele kuqhathaniswa imali ephumayo ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla noma ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo kanye namanani ukuqaliswa yabo. Bebonke, bakusekela athathe isimo izindleko. Futhi wenzani nalezi izibalo? Lapho ukuqhutshwa ngenhla izindleko ke singasho ukuthi umphumela zezimali kuqinisekisa inzuzo. Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi Inhloso usomabhizinisi. Kodwa lapha akusiyo irisidi yibhange. Ngakho, uma izimali kanye nezindleko bayalingana - izindleko kuphela ibuyiselwe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, eyeka ukukhiqizwa, lesayensi nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nomphakathi. Uma izindleko idlule izimali, inkampani esiletha ukulahlekelwa. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi uzoba yi omubi wezimali ka kwesimo esinzima, okwenza kube ngisho ezikweletini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona inzuzo izici ezihlukahlukene kuthinte isimo sokugcina. Okokuqala, kufanele sigxile kulokho kudingeka uqaphele ukukhiqizwa engabizi. Kuba yisikhathi futhi lapho isimo ezidingekayo ukuthi intengo yezimpahla nezinkonzo kufanele kube nezindleko ephakeme.

Yini inzuzo?

Njengoba isigaba ubudlelwane emakethe ke:

1. It ephawula inzuzo kwezomnotho ukuthi yamukelwa ngenxa umsebenzi ibhizinisi.
2. Kuhaya kumqhubezela. Ngamanye amazwi - ke kokubili eyamsiza nezimali ezinkulu kule ibhizinisi, kanye nokusebenza inkomba. Lesi sici iyisibonelo esihle kakhulu isimiso usayizi self ukuqaliswa okuyinto kuncike ngokuqondile kwi tibalo etholwe.
3. Inzuzo ungumthombo kumiswa amabhajethi emazingeni ehlukene.

Yini ongayisho?

Endaweni ehlukile, kuyafaneleka ukuthi bahlukaniswe inzuzo kwezomnotho kanye accounting. Ngaphansi lokuqala umehluko phakathi inzuzo kanye okuholela izindleko zokukhiqiza. Accounting inzuzo ihlukile kancane. Ngaphansi kwakhe ukuqonda umehluko phakathi lemali engenayo kanye nezindleko yangaphandle kuphela. Futhi inothi Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ezimali umkhuba, kukhona izindlela ezimbalwa ezahlukene imitsetfo yekuhlatiya imisebenzi yezomnotho, asebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene engenayo: ibhalansi, inetha intela, nokunye.

Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa

I-margin inzuzo zingase zihluke, kodwa isibonelo iyaphindwa amabhizinisi ezahlukene. Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokusetshenziswa tibalo lemali - kuba inqubo ebalulekile ibhizinisi enikeza Ukuhlanganisa for izidingo abantu owadala inkampani futhi yakha ngenzuzo uhulumeni. Mshini kwezimali ukwaba kufanele yakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi kakhulu wakhuthaza okwenza ukusebenza zokukhiqiza kanye yokuthengisa. ukusatshalaliswa into - incwadi inzuzo. Yena uphokophele isabelomali futhi kukhona sihloko ezithile ukusetshenziswa.

Yini khona izimiso inzuzo ukusatshalaliswa?

Ngakho, iphepha wethu uyeza isiphelo sako okunengqondo. Izimali inzuzo ukusakazwa awulona kungenzeka ngaphandle ngokuphathelene nezimiso ezithile futhi ngaphandle kwe-copyright. Ngakho:

1. Inzuzo isuselwe ibhizinisi ngenxa, umsebenzi wayo zezimboni kwezomnotho kanye / noma zezimali isakazwa phakathi kwenkampani kanye nembuso.
2. I izimali isabelomali zivela izimali nezintela. Amathenda ayikwazi ezinqumela washintsha. uhlu zabo, inqubo yokubala futhi ukudluliswa umthetho omiswe.
3. Inani inzuzo, okuyinto uhlala ibhizinisi emva ukukhokhwa kwezintela akufanele kuncishiswe inzalo yayo ekuthuthukiseni ukuziphatha imisebenzi.

Kusukela kulokho okusasele ngemva kokuba inkokhelo yokukhokha ayimpoqo, kungenzeka siqoqe izinhlawulo kanye nezinhlawulo uma ukwephula umthetho. Futhi kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi inzuzo okuhlalayo anawo ibhizinisi uqobo ngaso, isetshenziswa njengoba ufisa uqobo. Kwalona zikahulumeni noma ngabanye abanalo ilungelo ukugxambukela kule nqubo futhi ngandlela-thile nomthelela kuwo. Okuwukuphela inketho evumelekile - ukudala izimo for osomabhizinisi ngokunikeza kokuvusayo endaweni intela. Nakuba inzuzo kusukela yokuthengisa uzoqondiswa lokho kunenzuzo esimweni.