UmthethoState kanye nomthetho

Isakhiwo senhlangano yenkantolo yesifunda

Kuwo wonke umuzi waseRussia kukhona inkantolo yesifunda, futhi kaningi akakho ngisho nanye. Yimaphi amandla alawa mathuba, benzani? Iyini isakhiwo senkantolo yesifunda? Konke lokhu kuzotshelwa kulesi sihloko.

Izici ezijwayelekile zenkantolo yesifunda

Ngenxa yokulungiswa kwezomthetho okwenzeka eRussia ngendlela esheshayo, isihloko salesi sihloko siphezulu kakhulu futhi siyadingeka. Izinqumo zamakhotho zihlala ziqala kuqala, futhi zivame ngisho neziqine.

Inkantolo yesifunda saseRussia inhlangano yomthetho eyingxenye yegatsha lamagunya omthetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyingxenye yamacala enkantolo jikelele. Isenzo senkantolo yesifunda sidluliselwa endaweni ethile yesigodi, okuyinto, ngokuvumelana, ehambisana nendawo yokuphatha-indawo. Ubukhosi benkantolo ebhekene nayo yizo zombili izinqubo zangaphambi kwecala kanye nokulandela icala. Yonke imisebenzi eyenziwa yinkantolo yesifunda ifakazela ngalesi sibonelo njengelungu le-link enkulu. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuphawula ukuthi ukudalwa nokuqedwa kwezimo ezibucayi kungenzeka kuphela ngenxa yokwamukelwa kwemithetho ethile ye-federal ehambisana nesihloko.

Iqembu lokuqala leziphathimandla

Iyini inkantolo yesifunda? Isakhiwo kanye neziphathimandla zalesi sihloko kuzochazwa ngezansi.

Phakathi kwemisebenzi esemqoka kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo yenkantolo yesifunda, ikakhulukazi, kukhona amaphuzu amakhulu alandelayo:

  • Ukuqaphela ubulungiswa obuphumelelayo (ukuhlolwa kwecala lokuqala lokufaka izicelo) kwezigebengu, ezokuphatha noma ezombusazwe emkhakheni wezinqubo zomthetho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yonke inqubo yokucubungula amacala njengesinyathelo sokuqala kufanele yenziwe kuphela noma ngokubambisana. Futhi ukucubungula amacala ngendlela yokudluliswa kwesinqumo njalo ijaji elilodwa, okungukuthi, eyodwa-on-one.
  • Ukucabangela amacala enhlobo yabantu (ngaphandle kwamacala awela ngaphansi kwamakhono ezinkantolo zamasosha, noma ezinye iziphathimandla ezikhethekile, isibonelo, izinkantolo eziphakathi noma iNkantolo Ephakeme YaseRussia Federation).

Yiziphi ezinye imisebenzi okufanele zenziwe yizinkantolo ezithintekayo, zizoxoxwa ngokuqhubekayo.

Iqembu lesibili leziphathimandla

Ngaphezu kwakho konke okushiwo ngenhla, igunya lezinkantolo zesifunda lifaka amaphuzu alandelayo:

  • Ukubhekwa kwamacala obugebengu. Kodwa-ke, amanye amacala afakwe enkantolo awakwazi ukucatshangelwa. Ngakho-ke, okuhlukile, futhi, amacala lapho icala lingacatshangwa khona ngamantji noma izinkantolo eziphakathi nendawo.
  • Lawula phezu kokusebenza kwemisebenzi yabo yizindikimba ezifuna futhi zidalulwe amacala nobugebengu.
  • Ukucela ngesikhathi esifanele izinqumo ezenziwe kakade kumacala athile asebenze.

Yilezo zonke imisebenzi eyinhloko noma yinoma yimuphi inkantolo yesifunda kufanele yenze kahle.

Ekubunjweni kwesibonelo

Inkantolo yesifunda inesiphi isakhiwo? Isakhiwo senkantolo yesifunda sigxilwe ku-Article 33 soMthetho wezinkantolo zoMkhandlu oPhethe.

Ngokwale nhlinzeko, isibonelo sokucatshangelwa kufanele sakhiwe ekwakheni abantu abalandelayo:

  • Usihlalo womzimba;
  • Isekela likaSihlalo;
  • Abagwebi benkantolo yesifunda.

Mayelana nabahluleli kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi baqokelwe ukuthunyelwa ngumthetho kaMengameli, futhi kuphela emalini ezoba yanele ukwenza izinqubo zokwahlulela eziphumelelayo endaweni ethile yomkhakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo senkantolo yesifunda sasingaphelele ngaphandle kwezixhobo eziwusizo ezikhethekile, okubandakanya abantu abathile kanye nochwepheshe. Ngamunye wabasebenzi abangenhla enkantolo uzochazwa ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.

Isimo sabahluleli

Ijaji ngumuntu oyinhloko ngemuva kwezihlalo eziqukethe isakhiwo senkantolo yesifunda. Lo msebenzi kungenzeka ukuthi unzima kakhulu futhi unzima kakhulu kuleli zwe. Abahluleli bahlelwa izimangalo eziningi, izidingo kanye nezidingo.

Zonke zazo ziqondiswe ngumthetho "Ngesimo sabahluleli". Yiziphi izinhlobo zezidingo ezingahlukaniswa lapha?

  • Ijaji kumele libe neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25 ubudala;
  • Kumelwe ube nemfundo ephakeme, ngokusemthethweni ngokomthetho;
  • Ukusebenza okungenani kweminyaka emihlanu kuyadingeka;
  • Zonke izivivinyo ezidingekayo kufanele zidluliswe kahle;
  • Isiphakamiso esikhethekile kufanele sitholwe kusuka kwiphaneli labahluleli;
  • Ijaji kufanele libe nedumela elihle kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuhlaziya izenzo zakhe, amacala, ubugebengu, njll.

Isahlulelo ngaso sonke isikhathi sincike kujaji. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi oyinhloko walesi sisebenzi ukuqaliswa kobulungiswa obufanele. Lesi sibalo esibalulekile ngempela, isinqumo saso sincike kumthetho wamanje kuphela. Ijaji kufanele lihlonipheke futhi lingabi nabulungisa: kokubili nabanye kanye noyedwa.

On the appliances of the enkantolo

Isakhiwo senkantolo yesifunda saseRussia Federation sihlanganisa izixhobo eziwusizo ezikhethekile. Ukubunjwa kwalo kanye nemisebenzi kukhonjiswe ku-Article 38 ye-Federal Law "Ngezinkantolo Zomthetho Jikelele We-Russian Federation".

Ngakho-ke, izinsiza ezisizayo zihlanganisa:

  • Umsizi enhloko (usihlalo) wenkantolo;
  • Abasizi bezomthetho (banikeze usizo oludingekayo kumajaji ekwenzeni imisebenzi yabo);
  • Umqondisi;
  • UNobhala (ukufeza imisebenzi yakhe, njengombuso, ngesikhathi sesonto);
  • Ukukhwabanisa ubugebengu;
  • Ihhovisi lezombusazwe;
  • Inkantolo;
  • Umnyango wabasebenzi;
  • Umlobi wezinqolobane.

Okumangalisa ukuthi, kodwa izinkantolo zesifunda zisebenza, cishe, kuphela ngezindleko zokusiza. Nguye owenza imisebenzi enjengokusebenza ngomthetho wezomthetho (ukukhiqiza, ukuhlaziywa kanye nokuqoqwa kwezibalo zenkantolo), ukusebenza ngokuhlelwa kwemithetho, ukuqashwa kwabachwepheshe, njll. Usihlalo wenkantolo uhola izinsiza ezisizayo, futhi uma engekho Isekela.

Izimiso zokusebenza

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nendaba yokwakhiwa kwenkantolo yesifunda yegunya jikelele kanye namayunithi ayo, kuyadingeka ukuba unakekele izimiso eziyisisekelo nezakhi zamakhono omzimba.

Ngakho-ke, umthetho wesifundazwe ezinkantolo zamacala ajwayelekile ulungisa izimiso eziyisisekelo ezilandelayo zemisebenzi yezimo ezibucayi:

  • Ubunye besakhiwo sonke;
  • Ukuzimela ngokugcwele kwabasebenzi benkantolo;
  • Imvelo ebophezelayo yazo zonke izahlulelo ezinikezwe yinkantolo;
  • Ukulingana kwezakhamizi zaseRussia, kokubili ngaphambi kwenkantolo nangaphambi komthetho;
  • Izimiso zokubala nokuvuleka;
  • Isimiso se-irremovability yabahluleli;
  • Umgomo wokungahambi kahle kwabahluleli;
  • Ukutholakala okugcwele kwamalungelo kanye neziqinisekiso zalaba basebenzi.

Ngakho-ke, zonke izimiso zomsebenzi zihleliwe ngokusemthethweni futhi zihlelwe kokubili kuMthethosisekelo nasemithethweni ehlukene yomthetho. Futhi kuthiwani ngokufaneleka kwamakhotho wesifunda?

Mayelana nobuchule

Ngokusho kwemithetho yenhlangano eshiwo ngenhla, inkantolo yesifunda yeRussian Federation yilapho igunyaza isikhundla esiphakathi kwesixhumanisi samandla omthetho. Yiziphi izimiso zamakhono omzimba ongahlukaniswa? Kuyini ukubunjwa kwezinkantolo zesifunda? Ngokwezomthetho, iziphathimandla zesifunda zinezizathu zoku:

  • Amacala obugebengu;
  • Izindaba zomphakathi;
  • Amacala okuphatha;
  • Izikhalazo Zobulungisa Bokuthula;
  • Buyekeza futhi ubuyekeze amacala kwimininingwane esanda kutholakala nezimo (kufaka phakathi izinqumo ezisanda kusebenza);
  • Ukufunda, ukufingqa nokucubungula umkhuba kanye nezibalo zenkantolo.

Ngakho-ke, wonke amacala angaphakathi kwamakhono ezinkantolo zesifunda afakwa ngokucacile futhi ngokucacile emithethweni ehambisana nabezindaba kanye nemibhalo.

Iqembu lokuqala likasihlalo

Usihlalo wenkantolo yesifunda unamandla amakhulu futhi abanzi. Njengenhloko yelungu lonke lezomthetho, usihlalo unabasizi bomuntu siqu abamnikeza yonke imibhalo edingekayo kanye nolwazi.

Kodwa-ke, inhloko yombuso obhekene nalokho, ngaphandle kokuthi isakhiwo senkantolo yesifundazwe asikwazi ukukwenza, sibophezelekile ukuba senze imisebenzi eningi kakhulu futhi sihlangabezane nezidingo eziningi ezisemthethweni. Ngokuyinhloko, usihlalo kufanele:

  • Phatha ngokuzimela yonke imihlangano;
  • Ukuqoka abahluleli ngabanye njengabantu okufanele bamele imihlangano;
  • Ukusabalalisa nokuhlanganisa imisebenzi kanye nemisebenzi phakathi kwabasebenzi benkantolo;
  • Ukuqhuba ukwamukela okuzimele kwezakhamizi;
  • Ukuhlela ukusebenza kwekhwalithi yenkantolo, okungukuthi ukucubungula okufike ngesikhathi kwezikhalazo ezingenayo nezicelo.

Iqembu lesibili lemisebenzi kaSihlalo

Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi okukhulunywe ngenhla, usihlalo wegunya elibucayi, obani bonke isakhiwo senhlangano yesigungu sesifunda abamele, kufanele babhekane nalokhu okulandelayo:

  • Ucwaningo olunembile, ukuklama nokuhlanganiswa kwazo zonke izinqubo ezidingekayo zokwahlulela kanye nezibalo zokwahlulela;
  • Yenza imibhalo esimweni esifanele. Amalungu, izinhlangano zomphakathi nezombusazwe, izikhulu ngabanye ezibhekene nezimbangela zamacala, ukulwa nobugebengu, njalonjalo;
  • Ukuqapha umsebenzi wezinsiza zokwahlulela ezisizayo;
  • Hlela izifundo zokuqeqesha zezomthetho;
  • Hlela ukukhuthazwa kolwazi lomthetho nolwezomthetho;
  • Yenza eminye imisebenzi, uma inikezwe ngumthetho.

Ngakho-ke, usihlalo wenkantolo yesifunda kudingeka ukuba enze imisebenzi enkulu nemithwalo yemfanelo (ngisho nangesiza sosizo).

Isekela likaSihlalo

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, isakhiwo senkantolo yesifunda sihlanganisa abahluleli, usihlalo kanye nephini lakhe. Kuthiwani ngephini legunya? Yimaphi amandla anayo?

Uma uSihlalo wenkantolo yesifunda engekho, yonke imisebenzi yakhe isikhathi esithile ithathwa yiSekela; Uma engekho i-deputy chairmen, omunye wabahluleli uthatha igunya. Okufanayo kusebenza ezimweni lapho usihlalo wesigungu esibucayi esibucayi evala noma emisa amandla akhe. Futhi, uma kungekho muntu ongayamukela imisebenzi kaSihlalo - noma iphini, noma ijaji, ijaji elisuka emzimbeni wesifunda eliseduzane limenywa ukwenza imisebenzi ehambelanayo.

Kumele futhi kuqaphele ukuthi sonke isikhathi lapho usihlalo wenkantolo enza umsebenzi wakhe ngokuzimela, iphini likwenza imisebenzi ewusizo kulezi zicelo.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 zu.unansea.com. Theme powered by WordPress.