Isikimu ishaja ngokuba screwdriver. Umdwebo wokuhlelwa kwendikimba ukushaja idivayisi ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela

isikudilayiva eminingi yanamuhla ukusebenza yebhethri. Amandla-avareji yamaphesende 12 mah. Ukuze ephethe ngokuthi leli thuluzi njalo isimo ukusebenza, udinga ishaja. Nokho, ziyisici voltage okuhluke kakhulu.

Okwamanje onobuhle atholakalayo 12, 14, no-18 V Kubalulekile futhi ukwazi ukuthi abakhiqizi ukusebenzisa ezahlukene izingxenye hardware ibhetri amashaja. Ukuze uzwisise lo mbuzo, kufanele sibheke ejwayelekile ukushaja isikimu.

ukushaja wesifunda

Standard ukushaja idivayisi busebenze ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela kufaka emithathu isiteshi chip hlobo. Kulokhu, imodeli Transistor ku 12 edingekayo ezine. Ngo umthamo, zingaba ihluke kakhulu. Ukuze ukuthi idivayisi angabhekana ngayo isivinini iwashi ephakeme, ku-chip capacitors zixhunywe. Basuke esetshenziselwa ishayela zaryadok futhi uhlobo loshintsho. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuba acabangele izici ezithile amabhethri.

Ngokushesha thyristors asetshenziselwa njengoba sinjalo amadivayisi wamanje. Kwezinye onobuhle efakwe tetrodes evulekile. Ukuze conduction zamanje, ihluke nomunye. Uma sicabangela ukulungiswa 18, kukhona ngokuvamile izihlungi dipole. Lezi zici zenza kube lula ukuba sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo kokuminyaka inethiwekhi.

Ukulungiswa ukuze 12V

12 V ishaja nebhethri ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela (scheme kukhonjisiwe ngezansi) kuyinto iqoqo transistors 4.4 PF capacitance. Kulokhu, lo conductivity inikezwe wesifunda ngaleso 9 microns. Ukuze imvamisa iwashi aliphumi ngokucijile, condensers asetshenziswa. Resistors onobuhle esetshenziswa emkhakheni eziyisisekelo.

Uma sikhuluma icala phezu tetrode khona ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona Resistor isigaba. Nge oscillations kagesi ke ubhekana kahle. Ukumelana Negative Ishaja zigcinwe ngaso 12 30 ohms. Zisetshenziswa kaningi kakhulu amabhethri 10 mah. Namuhla, zisetshenziswe esebenzayo brand onobuhle "Makita".

Amashaja 14

Isikimu ishaja ngokuba screwdriver 14 Transistor yakhiwa izingcezu ezinhlanu. Ngqo chip ukuguqula izindlela zamanje-uhlobo ezine kuphela. Capacitors e onobuhle 14 isebenzisa ishayela. Uma sikhuluma ibhethri ephethe namandla 12 mah, kukhona okunye isethi tetrode. Kulokhu, diodes amabili chip inikezwe. Uma sikhuluma kwemigomo amashaja, le conduction umsinga yesifunda, ngokuvamile endiza eduze 5 microns. Umthamo isilinganiso Resistor yesifunda lingaphansi kuka 6.3 PF.

ukushaja wamanje ngqo umthwalo 14 zingamelana 3.3 A. Izingcupho onobuhle ezifana asethwe ngempela ezingavamile. Nokho, uma sicabanga sha ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela "Bosch", lapho bajwayele njalo. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, amamodeli "Makita" esikhundleni le resistors wave. basuke kahle zokuhamba njengoba sinjalo voltage. Nokho, imvamisa kwenkokhiso ziyahlukahluka kakhulu.

AmaSu onobuhle 18

18 Ngo-circuit ishaja ngokuba screwdriver ngokuphumelelayo kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa transistors ushintsho kuphela. Capacitors ku-chip has ezintathu. Tetrode ukukhwezwa ngqo ibhuloho diode. Ukuze ekulinganiseni imvamisa nokukhawulela isetshenziswa inhlamvu igridi kudivayisi. Uma sikhuluma kwemigomo ishaja 18 V, kufanele kushiwo ukuthi conductivity lwamanje emhlabeni 5.4 microns.

Uma sicabanga ukushaja for the "Bosch" izinkampani isikudilayiva, lesi sibalo kungaba ephakeme. Kwezinye izimo, resistors chromatique zisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa isignali conductivity. Kulokhu, capacitance capacitor kumele singeqi 15 PF. Uma sicabangela amashaja brand "Interskol", le-transceivers zisetshenziswa kanye conductivity eliphezulu. Kulokhu, ukubeka esiphezulu umthwalo lamanje lingafika ku 6 Amps ekupheleni kumelwe kuphawulwe amadivaysi inkampani "Makita". Abaningi amamodeli anemisila izinga okusezingeni dipole ibhethri transistors. ababhekana kahle lenyuke ukumelana ezimbi. Nokho, kuphakama izinkinga ezimweni ezithile nge iyehla iyenyuka kazibuthe.

Amashaja "Intreskol"

Standard ishaja ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela "Interskol" (scheme kukhonjisiwe ngezansi) kuhlanganisa chip kabili wesifunda. I capacitors sikhethelwe konke nge namandla 3 PF. Kulokhu, transistors e onobuhle 14 esetshenziswa ishayela hlobo. Uma sicabangela ukulungiswa 18, lapho kungatholakala eziguquguqukayo nozakwabo. Idatha conductivity kusukela kumadivayisi abanekhono ukufinyelela 6 microns. Kulokhu, ibhethri isetshenziswa ngokwesilinganiso by 12 mah.

WeSikimu imodeli "Makita"

Isikimu ishaja ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela "Makita" has a emithathu isiteshi chip hlobo. Sekukonke kukhona transistors ezintathu kulesi sifunda. Uma sikhuluma screwing at 18 V, e Kulokhu, capacitors ezifakiwe ephethe namandla 4.5 PF. I conductivity inikezwe esifundeni 6 microns.

Konke lokhu ikuvumela ukuthatha isisindo off the transistors. Tetrodes ngqo esebenzayo evulekile. Uma sikhuluma nokulungiswa 14, ukukhokhiswa ekhiqizwa inezinto ekhethekile. Lezi zici ukwenza siyabekezeleleka kahle imvamisa anda zedivayisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kuzuba asesabi inethiwekhi.

Amadivayisi wayeqamba isikudilayiva "Bosch"

uhlelo Standard ishaja ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela "Bosch" kuhlanganisa chip emithathu isiteshi hlobo. Kulokhu, lo transistors kukhona uhlobo pulsed. Nokho, uma sikhuluma screwing at 12, lapho zifakwa nozakwabo zesikhashana. I-bandwidth isilinganiso banayo ezingeni 4 microns. Capacitors asetshenziswa kumadivayisi nge conductivity ezinhle. Zaryadok diodes umnikelo sha has ezimbili.

Izingcupho Amadivayisi esetshenziswa W. 12 kuphela Uma sikhuluma simiso kuvikelwa, usebenta kuphela uhlobo evulekile-transceivers esetshenziswa. Isilinganiso umthwalo lamanje ziyakwazi withstanding a 6 A. Kulokhu, ukumelana ongathandeki wesifunda ingeqi 33 ohms. Uma inkulumo ehlukile mayelana nokulungiswa 14, bese zikhishwa ngaphansi ibhethri 15 mah. Ashaywe azisetshenziswa. Kulokhu, lo capacitors yesifunda, kukhona ezintathu.

WeSikimu imodeli "Ikhono"

Isikimu ishaja Skil ukufakwa kokumqoka kuphela kuhlanganisa chip emithathu siteshi. Kulesi simo onobuhle emakethe amelwa 12 no-14 V. Uma sicabangela samuntu lokuqala, transistors esetshenziswa phezu kwengungu uhlobo pulsed. reducibility zamanje bona alingane esingaphansi 5 microns. Kulokhu, flip-flops asetshenziswa kuzozonke ukucupha. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, thyristors zisebenza kuphela esondweni imi 14 V

Capacitors onobuhle 12 V asethwe varicap. Kulokhu, sindisa ezinkulu abakwazi ukusinda. Kulokhu, transistors overheat kunalokho ngokushesha. Diodes ngqo icala 12, kunezinhlobo ezintathu.

Isicelo Umlawuli LM7805

Isikimu ishaja ngokuba screwdriver ne Umlawuli LM7805 kuhlanganisa chip ezimbili isiteshi kuphela. Capacitors asetshenziswa ngayo umthamo kusuka 3 kuya ku-10 PF. Hlangana nabalawuli yalolu hlobo ngokuvamile ungaba amamodeli we sha "Bosch". Ngokuqondile 12 e zaryadok awayona efanelekayo. Kulokhu, ipharamitha ye negative ukumelana wesifunda kuziwa 30 ohms.

Uma sikhuluma transistors, bayizithunywa onobuhle isicelo ishayela hlobo. Ashaywe ingasetshenziswa nabalawuli. Diode wesifunda inikeza ezintathu. Uma sikhuluma nokulungiswa 14, tetrode kubo efanelekayo wave hlobo kuphela.

I transistors ukusetshenziswa BC847

Ukushayela ishaja ngokuba screwdriver transistors BC847 kuyinto eziqondile. Lezi zici elisetshenziswe kaningi nge "Makita". Ziyakwazi efanelekayo amabhethri kuyinto 12 mah. Kulokhu, i-chip isebenzisa uhlobo emithathu siteshi. Capacitors zisetshenziselwa Ukubuyelela kabili diodes.

Isetshenziswa icuphe ngqo livuliwe conductivity zamanje kubo isezingeni 5.5 microns. transistors Ubude wayeqamba 12 kudingeka ezintathu. Omunye wabo lihlelwe capacitors. Abanye kuleli cala kukhona usekelo lwe diodes. Uma sikhuluma ngamandla ke ukushaja 12 e-sindisa ne transistors ithwale 5 A.

Idivayisi transistors IRLML2230

ukushaja wesifunda transistors yalolu hlobo ivamile impela. Inkampani "Intreskol" uzisebenzisa izinguqulo for 14 no-18 V Kulokhu, i-chip esetshenziswa uhlobo emithathu isiteshi kuphela. Ngokushesha capacitance ka transistors wathi kuyinto 2 PF.

Ngokweqile wamanje kusuka inethiwekhi baphumula kahle ibekezelelwe. Kulokhu, izinga conduction ukuba icala akuyona ezingaphezu kuka 4 A. Uma sikhuluma nezinye izingxenye, le capacitor uhlobo ishayela. Kulokhu, badinga ezintathu. Uma sikhuluma imodeli 14, lapho thyristors kukhona ekulinganiseni voltage.