Isimila umaka CA 19-9. Ukuhlaziya CA 19-9: kuyinsakavukela futhi lapho waphakamisa

Isimila umaka CA 19-9 kuyinto eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo glycoprotein. It kuveza lamaseli epithelium wokugaya ukudla. Njengoba indlela ucwaningo esetshenziswa immunohemilyuminestsentny ukuhlaziywa. CA 19-9 lihlotshaniswa pathologies anomdlavuza.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Ukuze ukufunda izinto eziphilayo azithathe njengoba isetshenziswa igazi emithambo yegazi. CA 19-9 - ephumelelayo isimila umaka. nenchazelo isetshenziswa uphethwe, ukuqapha kanye kusenesikhathi Ukudlulela esiswini, amanyikwe, isibindi, amathumbu (ikholoni kanye ingemuva). CA amazinga 19-9 lenyuka cishe zonke iziguli ngemihlume emathunjini, ikakhulukazi kwamanyikwe. Ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana e izimila, glycoprotein ingena phakathi kwegazi. Ukuqaphela kanye nasekuhlolweni okuqukethwe, izazi ithuba ukulandela inkambo isifo. Ukuhlaziya CA19-9, izinga zazo e umuntu enempilo bengekho ngaphezu kwama-10 U / ml alisetshenziswa uphethwe eyinhloko.

Uyini umdlavuza pancreatic? isifinyezo

Lesi sifo oncological kuze kube manje likhona uhlu pathologies esiyingozi kakhulu. Mayelana 90% eziguli ufe kungakapheli unyaka wokuqala lesi sifo. Ngesikhathi uphethwe ngo 80% eziguli bathole metastases akude noma lesifunda. Ochwepheshe bathi lokhu kubangwa ikakhulukazi nge kufihlwe phezu egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Lesi sifo ngokuvamile bezifihle njenge- izinqubo ezingamahlalakhona ukuvuvukala kule ukugeleza zone izitho hepatopancreatoduodenal (cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis zezifo ezingelapheki). Ngokuqondene nalokhu isidingo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze afeze ukuxilongwa umehluko, ngaphandle khona umdlavuza. Lokhu, kuyobe ukhethe ephumelela kunazo isu zokwelapha lezi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu ezingalapheki.

Antigen CA 19-9. okuhlushwa

Ngo umdlavuza kwamanyikwe kukhona ezingeni lelisetulu glycoprotein. Ukuhlaziya CA19-9, equkethe kokubusa ngenhla, kudinga ukuthola carcinoma, ukuhlola kungenzeka resection. Ngezinye lokuhlushwa ezingaphezu kuka-1000 U / ml neoplasm uthathwa operable% 5 kuphela eziguli. Uma okuqukethwe ngezansi izibalo wabonisa, isimila ngokuvamile kungaba zisuswe. Nokho, ngemva ukungenela isikhathi esiyizinyanga omunye eziyisikhombisa, kukhona ingozi Ukuphinda. Isimila umaka CA 19-9 singesesibili ukubaluleka emva Cea umaka uzingela umdlavuza esiswini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo olwengeziwe okusezingeni eliphezulu isisindo yamangqamuzana glycoprotein eyabelwe-alpha-fetoprotein e uphethwe kanye nokuqapha wokwelapha isifo somdlavuza isibindi, ipheshana biliary futhi avikele ulwelwesi lwesinye.

nesanda

amazinga ephakeme glycoprotein kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ku isizinda pathologies ezehlukene ukuvuvukala futhi ingozi esibindini futhi isimiso sokugaya ukudla bungene (kufika ku-500, kodwa ngokuvamile 100 U / ml), futhi-cystic fibrosis. Esimweni sokuqala emakamu luyanda 12% eziguli. Izinga esiphezulu kuleli - akukho kuka 45 U / ml. Glycoprotein excreted ku Bile. Kule ndaba, iyiphi cholestasis kungase kuhambisane ukwanda okuqukethwe kwawo. Ezimweni ezinjalo kubalulekile ukuqhuba ucwaningo kanyekanye GGT (gamma-glutamattransferazy) kanye phosphatase ane-alikhali. okuhlushwa olwengeziwe singaluthola nangokufunda futhi kumelwe kugujwe kwi zasemuva zezinye izinhlelo izimila okwasendaweni (umdlavuza colorectal, umdlavuza wesibeletho), isifo sesibindi (isifo sokusha, i-hepatitis).

Ukungabi noma ezingeni encishisiwe

Abacwaningi baphawule ukuthi lokuhlushwa evamile akusho ukubeka eceleni khona umdlavuza e kwamanyikwe. Kulokhu, kungashiwo usheshe watholakala nesifo esiteji lapho ezingeni ongakabi kwadingeka isikhathi bavuke. Ucwaningo e seziguli ezithola ukwelashwa, ukwehlisa okuqukethwe kwe-glycoprotein kungase kubonise kusebenta ezelaphayo.

Yikuphi kudinga ukucwaninga

Ukuhlolwa for isimila umaka CA 19-9 kuyadingeka ukuze ukusebenza ezelaphayo ngoba umdlavuza pancreatic, kanye ukuthola zesifo Ukuphinda. Lolu cwaningo ivumela ukuxilongwa umehluko umdlavuza nezinye izifo (isib pancreatitis). Inkomba CA 19-9 libonisa nokudlanga inqubo ebulalayo, khona umdlavuza isizinda metastases ezikude isifo.

Kwezinye izimo, le cwaningo babelwe

Ukuhlolwa for isimila umaka CA 19-9 Kunconywa ukubonakaliswa izimpawu umdlavuza kwamanyikwe: ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ubuhlungu esiswini, jaundice, kwesisindo. Ngezikhathi babelwe iziguli behlola lokuhlushwa ekuqaleni eliphezulu glycoprotein futhi ngelashwa. Ukuhlaziywa Kunconywa umdlavuza esolwa esinyeni nenyongo noma ipheshana biliary, isibindi, isisu noma ikholoni. ngaleyo ndlela Ucwaningo iqondiswa lihambisana namanye ukuhlolwa.

okulotshiweyo

Isethenjwa ukubaluleka ububanzi okufanele kube lizinga antigen - 0-35 U / ml. Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, emakamu eliphezulu glycoprotein kubonisa khona umdlavuza e kwamanyikwe. Ayanda zokuqukethwe, okuthuthukile isifo esiteji. amazinga ngokweqile abonisa isimila Ukudlulela.

Imininingwane ebalulekile

okuqukethwe Test kubhekwe glycoprotein kubalulekile ikakhulukazi kusenesikhathi ukusabalala metastatic yomdlavuza kwamanyikwe. Mayelana 7-10% wabantu abanayo isakhi buqonda le eliphezulu yamangqamuzana isisindo glycoprotein. Ngakho, emzimbeni kukhona amakhono zofuzo synthesize le antigen CA 19-9. Ngakho, ngisho nasezimweni sitholakele umdlavuza ezingeni glycoprotein akuyona zitholiwe serum.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe,

Ngaphambi nikela ngegazi, ochwepheshe batusa ukuba bangabhemi for isigamu sehora. Inani zokuxilonga ukwanda sesivivinyo, ngenkathi cwaningo ku Cea. Ngaphezu kokumisa uphethwe olunembile kakhulu futhi ezifanele aphoyintimenti ukwelashwa ezidingekayo ukuhlolwa Kunconywa CA 72-4, bilirubin Imininingwane, CA 242. Simi izifundo Laboratory ukhombe ochwepheshe ezifana hepatologist, wemithi yangaphakathi, udokotela ohlinzayo noma oncologist.

isiphetho

Ochwepheshe uqaphele ukuthi umdlavuza namuhla kwamanyikwe okukhulu ngokujwayeleka iziguli emva kweminyaka engu-30. Lokhu zokugula ingenye kakhulu kabi Kutholwe nengenawo amenable yokwelapha. Kule ndaba, uvivinyo olubucayi kakhulu ezidingekayo ukuze abone wakhe. Ngeshwa, ukutadisha antigen lokuhlushwa ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngoba uphethwe kokuqala esigabeni isifo. Noma kunjalo, le yokuhlola sizwele futhi ulwazi nokuhlola ukuphumelela ukwelashwa, ukuthola kusaqalwa Ukudlulela umdlavuza. Ngokungangabazeki, onguchwepheshe inhlolovo isebenzisa imiphumela izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlola. Ngaphezu elabhorethri, isiguli uqokwa kanye nophenyo wezinsimbi. Kulula kakhulu ukufinyelela kuwo lezi manje US. Ekuqhubeni professional wakhe singakwazi ukubona ukuthi ubukhulu isimila kusukela ngamasentimitha amabili. Ukuze sicacise ubukhulu, isikhundla, futhi ukusabalala umdlavuza linqume scan CT. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, ke kungatholakala kusukela usayizi isimila ngamasentimitha amathathu. Kumele ukuthi ukuziphatha CT ixhunyiwe ukukhiqiza umthamo ezithile zama-X ray. Ngakho-ke, kulolu cwaningo awuzange wenziwa njalo noma njengoba prophylaxis. ukucindezeleka Ngaphansi emzimbeni wesiguli inikeza i-MRI. Kodwa lolu hlobo ucwaningo akusilo eyenziwa abantu abaletha uneminye izimila metal. Konke lokhu izinyathelo zokuxilonga, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kungathola kusaqalwa ukuthuthukiswa umdlavuza noma Ukudlulela e kwamanyikwe.