Turgenev, "Intuthu": isifinyezo. "Smoke" Turgenev: abalingiswa abasemqoka kule noveli, ngesakhiwo

Abafundi ukuqonda incazelo umkhiqizo ngokuvamile liyasiza isifinyezo yakhe. "Intuthu" Turgenev - lokhu ingenye imisebenzi ngobukhulu hhayi kuphela ngemisebenzi umbhali, kodwa futhi yezimpahla izincwadi Russian ngokuvamile. Le noveli Kuyathakazelisa kwezobuciko hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi iphuzu setepolitiki umbono, njengoba kubonakala izinkinga acute kakhulu futhi izinkinga wahlupha kwakhiwa ingxenye umphakathi Russian kwesikhathi izinguquko 1860s.

Umqondo futhi kushicilelwe noveli

Omunye wabalobi edume kunazo Russian Yimi S. Turgenev. "Intuthu" (umlando noveli ivumela ukuqonda kangcono inhloso yombhali) - leli bhuku, lapho u-Ivan Sergeyevich uzwakalise ngokugcwele kakhulu emibonweni yabo isikhathi wesimanje. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukwakheka umbhalo umbhali kwakuthatha izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela, kodwa lo mbhalo wesandla yahlakazeka iminyaka emibili: 1865-1867. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngalesi sikhathi umbhali yayingenamhlabathi izikhathi ezingcono, okuzoxoxwa ngezansi.

Umqondo oyinhloko noveli wembula isifinyezo. "Intuthu" Turgenev - indzaba leyakheke mayelana befuna the hero kanye izindaba eziphuthumayo zokuphila yomphakathi phakathi kwekhulu.

imicabango yabantu ababephila ngaleso sikhathi

Le noveli yanyatheliswa ngo-1867 futhi kubangelwa amahemuhemu okuphikisayo: a baxgeki eziningi ziyavumelana lokuthi umkhiqizo kungekho indaba elikhanyayo ashukumisayo kwakunjalo nobuntu imisebenzi kombhali odlule. Nokho, kwakukhona nalabo owadumisa ukudalwa entsha umlobi odumile, waveta kutsi kuwo wakwazi hhayi kuphela ukudlulisela Psychology eziyinkimbinkimbi abalingiswa, kodwa futhi ukuze ubonise isimo namaqiniso lapho isenzo eba, okuyinto efakazela ukuthi isifinyezo. "Intuthu" Turgenev - inoveli ngomunye sezikhathi ezinzima kakhulu emlandweni okuthunyelwe-izinguquko Russia.

Phakathi ukuloba kwakhe umbhali ongene impikiswano izishoshovu populist, bephika kubo umbono ngendima ekhethekile omphakathi ongumlimi e imvuselelo ikusasa Russia. Umbhali babekholelwa ukuthi lo msebenzi kumelwe athathe i izikhulu ukukhanyiselwa. La maqiniso angenhla zazithonya ngokubhala umsebenzi, okuyinto esalibele.

ukungena

Nge incazelo encane izenzakalo ubeka ukuqala isifinyezo. "Intuthu" Turgenev lihlukile imisebenzi yangaphambili umbhali ukuthi akusiyo isenzo senzeka khona ezweni lethu kanye nasemazweni aphesheya - kuleli yokungcebeleka isiJalimane, lapho ngaleso abameleli ngesikhathi babuthana yezikhulu futhi nezazi. Ezahlukweni zokuqala ezingu-umfundi bajwayelane inkampani, esebenza njengesikhali isizinda egqamile futhi ezimibalabala for uthando isithakazelo futhi imvelo lapho uvuthwe futhi ukuthuthukisa mpikiswano kwezenhlalo nakwezombangazwe ngekusasa Russia.

Umbhali ngokuhlolisisa kakhulu futhi satirically iveza laba bantu, uma ucabangela ukuthi cishe akekho kubo uyakwazi ukucabanga ngokuhluzekile futhi ukwahlulela ngalo la izinguquko futhi isimo ngaphakathi ezweni. Ngenxa yalokhu ivelele main umlingiswa wesilisa Litvinov - insizwa akusho ukwabelana wranglings holidaymakers. Wathola imfundo enhle, uyahamba ukushada kwakhe amaphrojekthi intombi futhi isakhiwo izigodi ukuguqulwa.

incazelo umphakathi

Turgenev, Ivan Sergeyevich kulandele abaningi ayephila nabo Wagxila esimweni ama setepolitiki kuleli zwe. Phakathi nekhulu le-19 kule mpikiswano mayelana nezazi babe kufanele ahambe kanjani yi-Russia ngemva izinguquko ezinkulu zika-Alexander II, okuyinto yasishintsha hhayi kuphela umfanekiso zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, zezombusazwe, kodwa futhi kwamasiko yezwe. Yilokho ngakho kukhona inkulumo Baden umhlangano bendawo baye abanye Gubarev. Litvinov uthola ezinomsindo sikanye abantu isikhundla ezahlukene kanye ikilasi, elichazwa ngumlobi e ithoni bhuqayo kakhulu. Ukwahlulela ngokubukeka incazelo yakhe, Turgenev Ivan babekholelwa lolu hlobo ingxoxo, Saze sadlala ngesikhathi. Litvinov kwasusa izinkulumo ezingamanga abukise futhi eziningana samanje. Umuntu kuphela esizoheha hero engqondweni yakhe yokuqala, - a Potugin kumeluleki enkantolo. Kuphela naye Litvinov ucishe yokuthola ulimi olulodwa. Kukhona umbono ukuthi umlomo iqhawe elisha umbhali uzwakalise isikhundla sakhe maqondana nezinkinga ukuphokophela isikhathi sakhe esiningi.

isithombe Potugin

Kuyadingeka esikhulumi ukwenaba izici umlingisi, njengoba indima yayo inkulu, uma hhayi ngesakhiwo, ngomqondo ngemibono kule noveli. Ngemva ukuvezwa hhayi kuphela Psychology heroes, kodwa futhi umcabango zezenhlalo nezombusazwe isikhathi esisisebenzisela "Smoke" Turgenev. Uyini umkhiqizo? Kuyathakazelisa ngoba organically okwakuthandelene nakho ngokomzwelo abalingiswa futhi incazelo ka umphakathi Russian of nekhulu. Potugin - kuyinto uhlamvu ukuthi ithobela imibono yamanani Western.

Yena okholwa ukuthi akufanele agxeke amagugu Western, kanye ukubeka ukuthembela ngokwedlulele Awakening okuthiwa abantu, ngoba, ngokombono wakhe, uye waba usizo ehlanganyela ngentshiseko yomlando Russian njalo. Lokhu uhlamvu ukholelwa ukuthi akudingekile ukubathobisa noma impucuko yaseNtshonalanga, futhi senze ihaba ubunjalo abantu Russian.

uthayi

I protagonist "Intuthu" Turgenev ekuqaleni umkhiqizo uvezwa njengoMahluleli umuntu emibonweni yabantu nasendleleni yabo ithuthukiswe futhi ukuphila okuhle. Nokho, ukuze umazi kangcono umfundi naye, umlobi kwenza i uhambo esidlule, etshela ngothando lwakhe engajabule futhi ngikhungathekile. Irina intombi wamshiya umphakathi brilliant ahlukile, ukuthatha indawo yokuhlala isihlobo ocebile, inzuzo oshadile futhi waba socialite yangempela. Litvinov wayekhathazeke kakhulu, kodwa wathola amandla ukuze usinde ukushaqeka okukhulu, futhi ekugcineni wathandana nentombazane enhle Tatiana, ku eyayizonikelwa ukushada. Kodwa, njengoba kuvela kamuva, uthando ubudala ayizange wafa, lapho ethuka e Baden kanye Irina Litvinova Kuqubuka futhi.

izenzo ukuthuthukiswa

Ngalokhu balukhulume ukuhlaziywa ngokwengqondo Turgueneff kubhekwe evumelekile. "Intuthu" (noveli lunikezelwe uthando umugqa, okuyinto lihlelwe ngokumelene isizinda incazelo nokuphila social nezazi Russian) - umsebenzi lapho umlando ubudlelwane phakathi izinhlamvu zithandelana izici umphakathi abahlala kuwo futhi usebenze. U-Irina, nakuba kwaba brilliant lady wokuziphilisa, hhayi ejwayele netimiso medium lapho hit.

Kwaba uhlobo lwenkululeko-onothando, onamandla, ngesibindi abanothando, futhi abungafaniko intelligence wema ikhanda namahlombe ngenhla bonke abamele nemigomo yalo. Ebhekene nazo Litvinov, u-Irina ngokushesha welula kuye njengoba ngobuqotho futhi ayithandayo indoda yakhe. Le noveli "Intuthu" kuyinto swiftness izenzakalo ngendlela ehlukile. Ingabe ngokoqobo noma ngemva kwemihlangano eziningana imizwa endala izinhlamvu futhi kwagqashuka, kangangokuthi ngisho Litvinov isinqumo sokuqeda nokuzibandakanya Tatiana.

igebe

Lokhu uhlamvu uwukwenziwa samuntu incarnation bokubeka konke okuhle ukuthi umlobi wabona kumuntu wesifazane. Tatiana zihlakaniphile, onesizotha, uhlobo, kodwa into esemqoka - ezahlukene ukuzwela ezingokomoya okungavamile. Emhlanganweni nesoka lakhe, wezwa ushintsho kuye esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba nesibindi sokuvuma ukungathembeki wakhe. Ngemva kwengxoxo emfushane intombazane cishe konke esiphethweni futhi lokhu ukubeka Litvinov kumile. Ngo scene echaza inzuzo undoubted zokuziphatha uhlala Tatiana. Yakwenza ezolile futhi ihloniphekile, unganelisekile nesoka lakhe wangaphambili iyiphi izigcawu ngenhlonipho wathatha ukwenqaba ukubandakanyeka kalula. Roman Turgeneva "Intuthu", ukuhlaziywa okumele aqukethe incazelo emfushane umlingisi, ugxila ubuhle okungokomoya intombazane, ukuhlupheka futhi ahlukunyezwe ngemva kokuhlukana, nokho wathola amandla bahlale kuwo.

umvuthwandaba

I sikhathi esasishubile kakhulu indaba - kuba incazelo efanele phakathi Litvinov futhi Irina. Bobabili ukuthatha isinqumo amashushu ukusebenzisa ndawonye kude zwe elimatasa ukuqala impilo entsha. Nokho, ngisho kule ngxoxo Ngazizwa nathemba ezithile yokucwaswa yabo: Irina akatholakalanga isinqumo kule isinyathelo, futhi Litvinov yena awucatshangelwa ngokugcwele, nokuthi bayifeze kanjani indiza nokuthi ukuhlala naye ngasese. Noma kunjalo, kwenziwa isinqumo, futhi abathandi luthungatha ukuqaliswa yayo.

Kodwa ekugcineni, isikhathi esibalulekile kakhulu Irina wenqaba ukusebenzisa, ukuthumela Litvinov inothi elichaza ukuthi akakwazi ukushiya ukukhanya, naphezu inzondo ngaye. Nokho, wathi akafuni ukuba ahlukane naso, futhi ucele egcina ubuhlobo bawo e kwindlela baye kuze kube manje.

umphumela

Lokubaluleke kakhulu ngokuba ukuqonda ubunjalo izinhlamvu ine incazelo, esanikwa isikhulu iqhawe Potugin ngobuhlobo babo Irina. Wathi yena ngokungajwayelekile othandweni nalona wesifazane, kodwa lokhu uthando oye wamlethela eyodwa ukuhlupheka nosizi kuphela. Wachaza imizwa yakhe passion amnyama futhi Litvinov belulekwa zilalelisise Tatiana, onendlu inhliziyo zegolide uhlamvu zasebukhosini. Nokho, protagonist, ngagajwa futhi wabhubhisa ngemva kwekhefu nawo nomakoti ukwehluleka Irene. Wazizwa engafaneleki ngowokuqala, futhi niqhubeke ubuhlobo eyimfihlo wesibili nje abakwazi. Ukuhlukumezeka nokuphelelwa ithemba, waya e-Russia, bengazi ukuthi ngeke siphile, futhi ayisekho enethemba ngandlela-thile ekuvuseleleni ukuphila kwabo okuyincithakalo.

isiphetho

Le noveli "Intuthu", kowamanqamu elibangela lesi hero ukuze Tatiana, ethethelela nesoka lakhe angathembekile, ngemva kokunikeza ezinye izincazelo kuya isihloko sencwadi. Lapho echaza ukubuya hero eRussia umsindo umbono ukuthi uthando lwakhe, izingxabano engapheli, umzabalazo imicabango yabantu, imicabango okuyize, bonke labo mpikiswano engapheli mayelana nokuthi kwenzekani Russia - kuphela utalagu ukuthi kwashabalala njenge- ntuthu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Futhi njengoba isiqinisekiso ebonakalayo lo mbono, umlobi ongene endaweni yesehlakalo lapho iqhawe ubona umuntu Inn nge mpikiswano ezinjalo abanolaka ngekusasa yezwe. Manje belethwa emehlweni akhe amazinyo okungekuhle, baphikisana ngekutsi amahhashi nokuzila ukudla. Ngo impahla yakhe futhi ngandlela-thile sekuqala emnothweni. Manje Litvinov ayakhelwe amaphrojekthi brilliant ukuguquka isinyathelo ngesisekelo ngezidingo ezikhethekile. Waze waphumelela kancane futhi ikhokhelwe izikweleti kayise. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, hero ifunda ukuthi Tatiana uhlala eduze futhi ubelokhu isikole abalimi. Litvinov wabhala incwadi ephendula, wabangenisa kwakhe ekhaya, zangenela nokubuyisana kwabo.

abafundi

Inkosi yesithombe esankondlo ukuphila Russian weqiniso ayekhona Turgenev. "Intuthu", okuyinto libuyekeza lonke omuhle kakhulu, ujabulela baqhubeka ukwanda phakathi umphakathi ukufunda. Amalungu waphawula njengoba izinzuzo main icebo ezithakazelisayo, izinhlamvu ezimibalabala, isithombe eyiqiniso zomhlaba kwangaphakathi heroes. Ezinye zazo waveza ukuthi yimpumelelo ikakhulukazi izinhlamvu zesifazane, ababhalise nge likhono lelitsite. Abantu aveze ukuthi esimeningcondvo Irina futhi Tatiana umlingiswa oyinhloko kancane eliphaphathekile futhi ngaphandle komumo wobuso. Kuthiwa imibhalo eminingi ye abafundi bakholwe ukuthi umbhali waya ezibucayi kakhulu incazelo ka umphakathi wokuziphilisa yenza ihaba ngobubi bezinkinga ezimbi izici zakhe, ukuba ahambe ezimfanelweni ezinhle Irene. Ulimi kanye nokwakhiwa elandisayo, akekho kuphakamisa umbuzo othi, zonke izakhamuzi ngazwi linye bathi indlela etemibhalo yomlobi futhi wona kanye umqondo wokuthandana kungokwasekuqaleni. Cishe bonke bathi, nakuba umsebenzi akuyona ezifundiswa esikoleni, Nokho, kufanele Kunconywa ukuba abafundi ekufundeni ayimpoqo njengenye amanoveli umhlabeleli somlobi. Le ncwadi kungase kubonakale ezithakazelisayo hhayi kuphela ukwenza abathandi izincwadi, kodwa futhi mlando, ngoba ngokucacile kakhulu ukuboniswa ngenkathi okuthunyelwe-izinguquko Russia.