Izimoto DM: uhlu nezithombe

ubunjiniyela German bekulokhu idume nokwethenjelwa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi kuziwa izimoto. Umshini ezenziwe eJalimane eside futhi izinze. Indlela ukuya impumelelo abadali labo noma ezinye brand owaziwa German? Yini esingayifunda ngikuxoxele imikhiqizo yabo? Cabanga brand edume kunazo kabanzi.

uhlu the best

Esokuqala bajwayelane inkampani abadumile German Volkswagen. Neziphawulekayo kanye okunethezeka Maybach futhi Mercedes. Sekuyisikhathi eside BMW ethandwa futhi Audi. Ayikho brand esingaphansi ethandwa futhi Opel. Umlando ngayinye yalezi zinkampani ufanelwe ukuqashelwa.

"Volkswagen"

Uhlu izimoto lemikhiqizo German kwasekuqaleni kuwufanele kokusho ukuthi omunye edume kakhulu futhi ethandwa. Umlando we qembu iqala ngo-1934, lapho uFerdinand Porsche, umklami futhi engineer, eyasungulwa ifektri lakhe Wolfsburg. Ngalo wayehlose ukudala "imoto zabantu" - ngokwezwi nezwi ehunyushwa ngokuthi igama Volkswagen, futhi manje bakwazi ukusho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi umsebenzi uFerdinand ephethwe. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II ifektri wabhujiswa khona, kodwa ngo-1945 uhulumeni waseBrithani iyalele izimoto azinkulungwane ezingamatshumi amabilih, umsebenzi waqala futhi. Eminyakeni engu-imodeli "Beetle" Uphule amarekhodi "Ford" waba ethengisa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Namuhla-ke iyona edume kunayo German nemoto brand Volkswagen, nakuba ezinye ukuthuthukiswa simila - "Transporter" noma Igalofu - ethandwa kakhulu futhi edumile.

"Porsche"

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi le brand - izimoto ukwakhiwa German. Noma kunjalo, i-indalo yayo kuwufanele unjiniyela efanayo nomklami, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-i- "Volkswagen" - uFerdinand Porsche. Ngo-1931 wavula inkampani ukusungula amayunithi ukuze izinkampani imoto, angacabangi ke mayelana ekukhiqizweni. Noma kunjalo, ngokushesha wakwazi ukwakha yamahhashi Uhlobo esiyingqayizivele 22, lapho intuthuko zaba sisekelo we-Porsche edume. Ngo-1939 yamahhashi Berlin - Rome yasungulwa Uhlobo 64. Manje wahlala omunye kuphela Ngokwesibonelo lokhu imoto, okuyinto Museum e Stuttgart. Kusukela ngo-1948 waqala ikhasi elisha emlandweni "Porsche". It wazakhela imodeli 356, ngilinqobile abalandeli ukushayela okusheshayo. Ezinye izinguqulo walo mshini usengakwazi angabonwa endleleni. Lokhu akusona isimanga: kunenkolelo ukuthi izimoto enokwethenjelwa kakhulu Porsche. Ngo-1963 yena nganikezwa imodeli edume 911, okuyinto kwaba isinyathelo sokugcina ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke. Nge imishini ye-brand nalo walandisa ngokuhlangenwe iqiniso elithakazelisayo: ukhiye ukuthungela ishiywa kuzo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-ilungiselelo elinjalo ngokuvumela umgibeli ukuqala imoto ngaphambi ehlala phansi esihlalweni, okwakuyinto ebalulekile kakhulu mncintiswano, okuyiwona Porsche ekuqaleni yakhelwe.

"Maybach"

Ebhekisela izimoto okunethezeka DM, asikwazi ushayele le. Umklami futhi umsunguli ukuthi ungunjiniyela German Wilhelm Maybach, naye ukuhlobana ukuvela "Mercedes". He qamba eziningana onobuhle yisakhiwo sodumo Dmg, eyayiqinisekisa impumelelo sha. Ngo-1907, Maybach kwesokunxele inkampani ngenxa ezingqubuzana Daimler, ngubani ephethwe ekukhiqizeni, futhi waqala umsebenzi wakhe oqinile siqu - Maybach. Ngaphambi ekuqaleni Okokuqala Umhlaba, yena waba waziphatha izinjini izindiza, bese bathuthela izimoto abahamba izitimela zamalahle. Ngo-1926, Maybach lokuqala sidalwe ethathela ikhasimende ukuphelela lobuchwepheshe kanye okunethezeka. Zimbalwa izimoto DM okwenziwe ikhumbula zonke izifiso iklayenti. Ngo-1930, ngokwesilinganiso, kwakubikwa umfuziselo Zeppelin sika, futhi elalidume kunawo wonke ngenkathi, wathengiswa abe intengo fabulous. Esikhathini entsha yeminyaka adaliwe Maybach 57 futhi Maybach 62, okuyinto wabuya wangaphambili ifektri impumelelo futhi abe izinkomba isimo zabanikazi abafanele kweqiniso.

"Mercedes"

Uma ucela umuntu umbuzo ngalokho sha izimoto German zaziwa kuye, impendulo yokuqala kungenzeka igama lalo. Umlando edume "Mercedes" iqala ngo-1900, lapho u-Emil Jellinek ahlinzekwa sibala ikhanda entsha ye Dmg umshini imodeli behlonipha indodakazi igama elifanayo. Kusukela ngawo-1902, Mercedes baba ehlukile brand. Imoto yokuqala waba engahlelekile futhi waletha ukukhiqizwa inama ekunqobeni. Imodeli uhlala ingashintshiwe kuze kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ngo-1909 kwakungekho logo abadumile nge inkanyezi emithathu uvumelanise. Limele ukukhiqizwa izinjini for ezindizeni kanye izikebhe, ukuthi usebenzisa umshini phansi, emoyeni kanye phezu kwamanzi. Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II simila waqala ukukhiqizwa sedans encane, futhi wama-fifties kukhiqizwa futhi Limousines. Kusukela ngo-1954, uhla ungeze ezemidlalo Coupe. Ngu uMarku wabuyela idumela kokutamasa, kanye impumelelo yayo awuzange ushintshe selokhu kuze kube namuhla.

"BMW"

Ebhekisela izimoto DM, qiniseka ukubiza futhi BMW - omunye izinkampani endala. Ngaphezu imishini uveza izithuthuthu, nangaphambili wasebenza futhi izindiza. It itjengisa lokhu logo, esibonisa bendiza ngokumelene esibhakabhakeni. Isungulwe Karl Rapp futhi Gustav Otto. Abaklami ukukhiqiza izinjini izindiza, ethandwa kakhulu ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ngo-1917 lapho beshintsha bekhuluma isithuthuthu izinjini ngalesosikhathi developed iqoqo umjikelezo ogcwele, futhi ngo-1928-i-mu waqala ukukhiqizwa izimoto ezincane. Model Dixi kwaba kuqala dalo we "BMW", intengo engabizi enikeziwe yokuthengisa yakhe enhle kakhulu eJalimane. Ngaphambi kwempi yezwe yesibili simila ungase uqale ukukhiqizwa kanye nezemidlalo izimoto. Esikhathini esifanayo, kwakukhona imoto umqondo umshayeli, okuyinto Onjiniyela ukulandela manje. Ngemva Okwesibili Umhlaba BMW wahlanganyela sesimanje njalo nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe, ngakho njalo eminyakeni eyishumi ngenxa imodeli yimpumelelo futhi ezithandwayo, futhi namuhla simila ingenye edume kakhulu futhi ethandwa hhayi kuphela e-Germany kodwa emhlabeni wonke.

"Opel"

Siyaqhubeka ukuhlola izimoto German. Brand, okuvumela ukuba bajwayelane uhlu ifayela eliwumthombo eJalimane, okwethulwa brand ezifana efana Opel. Umlando kwegama ithakazelisa kakhulu. LoMfula Rhine has ezweni okuthiwa Oppel, nabakhileyo lezo zindawo okuthiwa Opel. Omunye khona amadoda wanquma ukuthumela indodana yayo ukuba ukufunda, yakhulela ukuba umkhiqizi. Esethembise umshado ekukhiqizeni izigqoko, futhi indodana yakhe baya e-France wabona umshini wokuthunga, esangenza ukusungula eJalimane ukukhiqizwa umshini amathuluzi ukudalwa izigqoko. Ngo-1884, waqhumisa kuze umqondo omusha futhi waqala ukuqoqa emabhayisikili. Ngo-1897 le nkampani Iyakwazi ukukhiqizwa izimoto. Imodeli lokuqala kwathiwa ithole ngesandla hhayi yimpumelelo. Ngesikhathi sempi, inkampani kukhiqizwa amaloli, ahlomele impi, futhi kusukela ngo-1923 kuya 1924 efektri abangu olwesimanje: kwakukhona umhlangano line wezwe wokuqala. It wazalelwa izimoto iwele futhi waqala indlela eya brand impumelelo. Ngemva Okwesibili Umhlaba Opel akhululwa futhi racing izimoto. Ukuthandwa sha isibe ozinzile futhi akazange awe phansi amashumi eminyaka. Ngo nineties, umphakathi banikezwe SUV, futhi namuhla umkhiqizo uhla kuhlanganisa ezihlukahlukene amamodeli ivumela umkhiqizo ukuba izikhundla kuqala Izinhlu engcono edume kunazo zonke.

"Audi"

Asikwazi ukukhohlwa leli gama, sibhale izimoto German. Brand, uhlu okuyinto azinake zihlanganisa futhi Audi. Le nkampani yasungulwa ngo 1910 wobunjiniyela Horch. Igama lenkampani lihunyushwe egameni umnikazi olimini lwesiLatini. I-logo ye-amasongo amane lifanekisela inyunyana izinkampani ezine - DKW, Audi, Umzuli futhi Horch - ibe iqembu elilodwa. Njengezinye abakhiqizi, "Audi" eyadalwa kuqala ngezimoto German. Izitembu, izithombe zazo kungabonakala izinto mncintiswano njengoba, kwakuhlanganisa "Mercedes" futhi "BMW", akumangalisi ukuthi lokhu kwaba indlela efanele yokumkhulekela impumelelo. Eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, inkampani kukhiqizwa ephansi ekupheleni models, futhi lokhu yaqhakaza Eighties futhi akusho nginikeze izikhundla kuze kube manje.