Izindawo olungamanga eRussia. Isikhova i-great abalobi Russian kanye izimbongi?

Russian isikhala etemibhalo - into yokugogobala ngoba abayithandayo eziningi yezimbongi ezidumile nabalobi. Lapho, uma lapha, benamandla ngomoya umsebenzi wabo, uqala ukuqonda sibalo abathandwa izincwadi? Ikakhulukazi omazisayo kukhona hambo ezindaweni etemibhalo eRussia, lapho abalobi kanye izimbongi sebenamashumi esengumntwana nangesikhathi kwentsha. Kuyinto sombuso kumiswa ngamakhono abo, ngombono nesimo sengqondo, njengoba sibonakala ngokwanda umsebenzi okwalandela. Lezi, isibonelo, izigodi umndeni L. N. Tolstogo, I. S. Turgeneva, N. A. Nekrasova.

Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum

Tsarskoye Selo kungenziwa ngokuthi imbangela yangempela yokungabi ithalente kwekhulu XIX. Kungenxa yokuthi ngaphansi ephikweni lesi sikhungo safika A. S. Pushkin, V. K. Kyuhelbeker, I. I. Puschin, Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin nezinye osopolitiki eziningi abaculi.

Yaqalwa ngo-1811 ngu-Alexander I, Lyceum kwakuwukwenza elite ikusasa umphakathi waseRussia. Eminyakeni eyisithupha ukuqeqeshwa intsha elutholayo imfundo yekhethelo ilingane inyuvesi.

Yiqiniso, umfundi odumile kakhulu, owayemazi ngokuseduze Tsarskoye Selo, kwaba A. S. Pushkin. Kukulo muzi lapho eqala ukubhala izinkondlo, ngisho ngokulingisa Zhukovsky Batyushkov kanye izimbongi French romantic. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo iye yavula lapha ubuqobelo be wayeyisazi esizayo.

Isikhathi ukuqeqeshwa ehlangene esinye isenzakalo esibalulekile esenzeka ekuphileni imbongi. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi, iphrintwe umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala encane "Ukuze umngane imbongi." Iminyaka abaphothule cwaningo ngikhumbula basazikhumbula, ukukhathazeka ngobuqotho ngekusasa lesikhungo othandekayo.

Okwamanje, Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum - indawo yamanje lapho ungabona mathupha egumbini imbongi (walibiza keley), kanye nendawo yokutadisha futhi ukuhlolwa kokugcina, lapho Pushkin wamshaya ithalente othisha ovelele.

A. S. Pushkin: Mikhailovskoe

Ngithanda ukutshela abanye izindawo mayelana ezimbili ezihlobene ne wayeyisazi Pushkin wena. Okokuqala - Mikhailovskoye. Lokhu izindlu umndeni kanina imbongi, namanje ayakhiwe ngu kumkhulu wakhe Hannibal phezu kwezwe Pskov.

Ongoti Pushkin, futhi nje abafundi abavakashele lapha, uqaphele ukuthi isithombe uhlobo imisebenzi eminingi njengoba icala isandla ngobuhlakani umculi nge lezi zindawo. Ngokokuqala ngqá imbongi wahlangana ekuphileni kwezakhamuzi zakhona kulinganiswa ngokushesha ngemva kokuphela Lyceum, ngo-1817. Pushkin kanye enchanted ubuhle bomhlaba futhi ubukhulu, ebusa lapha.

Kamuva, ngo-1824, abadingisiwe yakhe lapha ekudingisweni, ngesikhathi lapho yobuciko eziningi zivela esibayeni of genius. "Boris Godunov", "Arap Petra Elikhulu", cishe yonke le noveli "Eugene Onegin" ebhalwe kuleyo minyaka.

Ngisho nangemva kokuba izixhumanisi wazonda Pushkin ukugcina ukubuyela lapha ugqozi, ngoba kule Mikhailovsky ngokukhethekile azizwa isipho sakhe senkondlo. izindlu kokugcina ehlangene yesehlakalo esibuhlungu - umngcwabo kanina, futhi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva wabulawa Duel, futhi imbongi yena. ithuna lakhe futhi lapha, e-St Michael.

Boldin

Boldin Autumn ... Le nkathi ekuphileni Pushkin laphawulwa intshiseko engakaze ibonwe lokudala, wazizwa, ngokuba Boldino - izindlu umndeni. uhambo esezama ngaphambi komshado nge Natalia Goncharova esalibele ngenxa nokugubha ikholera ubhubhane Petersburg. Eziphefumulelwe ukuphila komkhaya esizayo, imbongi isezingeni intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke ugqozi. Lapha eqeda "Evgeniya Onegina", wabhala kakhulu "Little Kwezinsizi", "The Tale of umPristi futhi Thim yakhe Balda" futhi "Belkin".

Lezi ndawo yokudlala Russia kufanele nakanjani vakashela wonke umuntu abantu bayazithanda wayeyisazi Pushkin okukhulu.

. M. Yu Lermontov: Pyatigorsk

Kukhona izindawo eRussia, kuhlangene ngokungenakuhlukaniswa impilo kanye nomsebenzi lomunye imbongi oluvelele kwekhulu XIX -. M. Yu Lermontova.

Ngokuyinhloko kuyinto eCaucasus resort emzini Pyatigorsk. Le ndawo kwaba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni imbongi sika. Ukwazana lokuqala ne Pyatigorsk Lermontov eseyingane - lena lapho ugogo wakhe walethwa ekhaya ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo, ngoba imbongi esizayo wakhula ingane bexhwalile kakhulu. Caucasus Nature wangihlaba umxhwele umoya wabo Lermontov. Kusukela ebuntwaneni wayenekhono kulowo umdwebo ndawo. Imisebe ivela esandleni sakhe waphuma eziningi watercolors enhle esibonisa izintaba ezinhle.

Kuze kube namuhla, e Pyatigorsk kukhona thini ashisayo, lapho imbongi aphathwa. observation kwakhe okuthiwa "inkampani amanzi" kubonakala endabeni "Inkosazana uMariya".

ICaucasus- futhi eminye exhumene service isikhulu osemusha. Lapha Lermontov wathola kokufa kwakhe. Ngengozi, le nhlekelele senzeka ngo Pyatigorsk. Sasizimisele ukuqeda isevisi, okokugcina wathumela eCaucasus, esiqashisa, yena nomalume wakhe indlu encane. Nampa ngasekupheleni for ukwelashwa ngaleso spa. Julayi 27, 1841 kukhona obulalayo Duel of Lermontov nge Martynov umngane ubudala. Lapha, ngesikhathi Mashuk Intaba, imbongi wangcwatshwa, kodwa ngemva kwezingu-8 umlotha walo bayiswa egumbini umndeni - kukhona namanje uhlezi futhi M. Yu Lermontov.. Russia okwalahlekela omunye imbongi omkhulu.

Mangithi ukuthi Pyatigorsk ewubheka imemori imbongi. Indawo sokuhlala kwakhe ukungivakashela, endlini lapho kwakukhona khona ukuxabana Martynov, beka Duel futhi ecabangela ukungcwatshwa yasekuqaleni Lermontov - izindawo ukuvakashelwa saziso izivakashi.

Tarkhany

Imyuziyemu-Reserve "Tarkhany" - kwenye indawo ukuthi kuhlangene ku M. Yu Lermontovym.. Kulesi izindlu yobuntwana. Lapha nge documentary ukunemba ke ukusungulwa impilo yomndeni yizicukuthwane kwekhulu XIX. Ngaphezu endlini Manor, livulekele izivakashi Indlu umphathi futhi eqhugwaneni womuntu. Futhi, izivakashi angadumisa inkumbulo imbongi kule egumbini umndeni, lapho wangcwatshwa, futhi yesonto.

Imyuziyemu-Reserve obesebenza kakhulu empilweni yamasiko: njalo ukuhlela imincintiswano, imikhosi anikezelwe imbongi. Lermontov kwaba umkhosi bendabuko, esiqhutshwa lapha ngempelasonto yokuqala ka-July.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe N. A. Nekrasova Chudovo

Izimbongi eziningi Russian kanye abalobi babe beyiqonda kangcono, uma uvula wena ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke, ngisho kangcono - izimo lapho ebuntwaneni lidlule. Iyathinteka kulokhu futhi uN A. Nekrasov. Kusukela inkambo esikoleni kwezincwadi sekusaziwa yithi ukuthi ukuqapha kwabantwana inqaba nzima buvezwa isiqondiso imbongi.

House Museum N. A. Nekrasova - indawo lapho imbongi ephumule umphefumulo wokuphila edolobheni, abazingeli nokuthola ugqozi imisebenzi emisha. Itholakala Chudovo futhi isakhiwo esikhulu igama elifanayo Reserve. Kulotshiwe yi-edumile "Chudovsky umjikelezo", 11 izinkondlo ekhaliphile. Njengomthetho, Nekrasov abazingeli kulezi zindawo. Lapha, kakade imbongi nezibi uphela umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu - le nkondlo "Ngubani Uhlala kahle eRussia".

Okwamanje, indlu-Museum lodge ukuzingela, okuyinto, ngaphezu amakamelo imbongi nomkakhe, kuyinto igumbi lokudlela, igumbi cwaningo, indlu yami. Lesi sakamuva, ngasendleleni, kwakukhona okuningi - nezincwadi eziningi ezizayo lapha yokuzingela, kanye Nekrasov: Saltykov-Shchedrin futhi Pleshcheev, St Michael futhi Assumption. Futhi ethulwa izivakashi ekwakheni esikoleni wezolimo.

House Museum kunesithembiso ukuchayeka njalo futhi abantu yiluphi uhlelo ubudala.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe F. I. Tyutcheva e Ovstug

Yokhokho House Museum Tiutchev kwakungekaNkulunkulu umndeni imbongi ngaphambi kokuba azalwe: phakathi nekhulu XVIII, Umkhulu imbongi liqalile ukwakhiwa ifa, kumhlaba ukuthi lithole njengoba isipho ngemva komshado.

Ubaba imbongi, wathola ilungelo ifa, iqala ukunweba indlu. Ngokushesha lapho ikhula inxuluma nenhle in umoya classicism nasendlini yenkosi, ehlotshiswe amakholomu, nge iphiko. Esisogwini lomfula, it has isiqhingi yayo siqu Gazebo. Beka iba umthombo Tiutchev ubungqabavu hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ugqozi. Poet, umculi bemvelo ngekwehlukahlukana kwalo, bangahlikihla imidwebo unawe kulezi zindawo - ngakho Bawakhumbula umphefumulo wakhe.

Ngeshwa, izindlu iye dengwane, futhi lwafika labhidlika, kodwa kukhona umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo kancane kancane. Uma uhambo yasekuqaleni ezindaweni Russian etemibhalo yayiba izikole zasemakhaya, kodwa manje basibekela iphiko isivakashi, kanye esontweni. Futhi, izivakashi ungabona recreations wokugaya ku Gazebo isiqhingi futhi Chic lime izindlela.

Peredelkino

Ebala imishikashika izindawo yokudlala eRussia, kufanele kushiwo, futhi labo abangabangane imisebenzi le abalobi bekhulu XX. Lena ngokuyinhloko Peredelkino. Le ndawo maphakathi Cottages ehlobo yonkana elite etemibhalo kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Umqondo wokwakha emzaneni, okuyinto uzoba lonke, ukuphila futhi udale abalobi isiRashiya, wayevela Maxim Gorky. Nguye sithenge ngo-1934, lokhu isiqephu sezwe ngalezi zinhloso. Ngesikhashana nje esifushane, izindlu 50 wokuqala ezakhiwa. Phakathi izakhamuzi zawo zazilotshiwe Serafimovich, Kassil, B. Pasternak, I. Ilf, Babel.

Yakha Cottages abalobi abaningi ngemva kwempi: V Kataev, Okudzhava, Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Bella Akhmadulina. Lapha, ngokuba abantwana wendawo wabhala yezinganekwane wabo omangalisayo Chukovsky.

Edolobhaneni usebenza Indlu Abalobi, yeminyuziyamu ekhona kungase kuqashelwe ekhaya Pasternak, K. Chukovsky, Okudzhava, Yevgeny Yevtushenko. Abalobi abaningi futhi izimbongi benendawo zokugcina yokuphumula lapha.