Izinhlobo yesondlo. Nokugcinwa nokulungiswa imishini

Isondlo - izinhlobo zomsebenzi kwenziwe nesikhathi esithileko hlangana ukulungiswa kuhlelwe futhi engahlelelwe of imishini yokukhiqiza. Igoli - ukuqinisekisa operation okuthembekile futhi okuqhubekayo. yesondlo Esifike Ngesikhathi nokusebenza lesifanele kakhulu ukunciphisa ukulungisa izindleko Ukuphumula ophoqelelwe.

Isondlo Imisebenzi

Kuphephile ukusho ukuthi ukulungiswa juqu izinyathelo zokunqanda, okuyinto ebalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo imishini ukukhiqizwa futhi imishini e ngezikhathi isikhathi phakathi okuhleliwe ukulungisa manipulations. Luhilela ukunakekelwa kanye ukulawula umsebenzi imishini, ukuzilondoloza sisesimweni esihle, wokuhlola okuhleliwe, ukuhlanza, ukuwasha, ukulungiswa, isisu kanye nezinye imishini ukulungisa.

Izinhlobo ezithile yesondlo kungaba kwenziwe ngqo imishini yokusebenza usebenzisa amakhefu futhi ngezimpelasonto. Ngezimvume ezifanele imiyalelo yokusebenzisa ukuze imishini kungenzeka esifushane kokuyikhipha ku-ngci. Ezimweni ezinjalo, abanye bangase babe elula, kodwa hhayi ukuphazamisa ukukhiqizwa futhi izinqubo zobuchwepheshe.

imibhalo zokulawula

amazinga State elawula ukusetshenziswa izinhlelo nokugcinwa nokulungiswa imishini, 18322-78 kukhona "nokugcinwa nokulungiswa imishini. Imigomo nezincazelo" futhi 28.001-83 "nokugcinwa nokulungiswa imishini. Izinhlinzeko main." Kuyinto lezi zilinganiso ukuchaza ngezigaba kanye nezinhlobo nokugcinwa zikagesi.

Ukwahlukaniswa izinhlobo yesondlo

Izigaba okusebenzela ukulungisa kanye nokugcinwa zihlukaniswe zibe:

• UKUTHI ngesikhatsi isitoreji.
• Khona-ke lapho ihamba.
• Khona-ke lo msebenzi.
• Khona-ke ukulinda.

Ngokusho ukuvama:

• Ngezikhathi ukuthi.
• MOT kwesizini.

izimo yokusebenza:

• UKUTHI ezimweni ezikhethekile.

Wokulawula ukusebenza:

• inkonzo ngokomthetho.
• ukuqapha Periodic.
• zokuqapha njalo.
• Ngo-line service.
• yesondlo eyodwa.
• inkonzo endlalekile.

Ngokusho kwenhlangano ukusebenza:

• UKUTHI izisebenzi zokusebenza.
• UKUZE izisebenzi ezikhethekile.
• UKUZE opharetha.
• UKUZE inhlangano ezikhethekile.
• UKUZE umakhi.

izindlela Isondlo:

• Line indlela MOT.
• indlela eyodwa ka MOT.
• Indlela endlalekile ka MOT.

Ngokwe-executive lenhlangano:

• izisebenzi zokusebenza,
• izisebenzi ezikhethekile,
• inhlangano yokusebenza,
• inhlangano ezikhethekile,
• umakhi.

imiqondo sokuhlukanisa "zamanje" futhi "kuhlelwe" inkonzo

Ukuze ugweme inkinga Mechanics amabhizinisi sihilela indaba yokuthi ubani okufanele enze nokugcinwa imishini ezimbonini kanye nezindlela, zihlukaniswe welithi "langempela" futhi "okuhleliwe" UKUZE. Ngokwezinga elithile sifaka okuqhubekayo imishini zokuqapha, nge stop esifushane, noma ngaphandle kwalo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba ukulungisa ingena nokugcinwa nokulungiswa kohlelo noma ehleliwe yesondlo kokulungisa njengoba ingxenye plan noma njengoba umcimbi Lesisemkhatsini.

ukunakekela

izinhlobo ezahlukene yesondlo kuyenziwa ukukhiqizwa siqu isayithi noma workshop nabasebenzi kanye zihlanganisa ngehora ngu ematfuba nokulawula imishini, ukuhlolwa, amgcobe, njll Ngokuya inani abasebenzi amayunithi kunengqondo futhi enengqondo, njengoba engekho yokwanda kwenani yesevisi ukukhanda ochwepheshe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, indlela enjalo ivumela opharetha wamanje ilwazi elinqophileko izimiso yokusebenza lobuchwepheshe kudivayisi imishini industrial.

Njengomthetho, imishini zamanje yesondlo ezilungisiwe, futhi kuhlanganisa:

• ukukhishwa olunembile zonke imithetho yokusebenza ukuthi ezibekwe imibhalo lobuchwepheshe umenzi;
• ukulawulwa imodi ethile imishini futhi ukuvimbela overloads;
• ukugcina lokushisa;
• PERIODICITY okuqinile igrisi ezindaweni lapho kudingeka khona ngemibhalo yomsebenzi ;
• ukuqapha isimo bafake izindlela neyesifunda ngu kuhlolwe ngamehlo;
• Ukukhipha ngokushesha zikagesi uma eziphuthumayo.

ukulungisa okuhleliwe

ukugcinwa kuhlelwe futhi ekufezeni ukulungiswa ezidingekayo yenziwa abafanelekayo, abaqeqeshiwe yesondlo nezisebenzi zikaHulumeni. Njengomthetho, umsebenzi kuhlelwe voluminous ezingaphezu kuka isevisi samanje, futhi ingase ihlanganise umsebenzi Ukudilizwa amayunithi yonke imishini futhi izindlela. Yingakho isidingo abafundile ochwepheshe-Mechanics.

ukulungiswa Asebenza kanye nokugcinwa ihanjiswa uhlobo lomsebenzi. Kuhlanganisa:

• hlola nemingcele ukusebenza imishini;
• ukulungiswa nekulawulwa izici ezinkulu;
• imishini ahlanzekile avimbekile izingxenye kanye nezindlela zokusebenza;
• esikhundleni kwezihlungi namafutha;
• ukuthola ukwephula futhi ukwehluleka imishini.

Ulwazi mayelana nezinguquko kule izindlela ngaphansi serviced UKUZE compulsorily fixed: in the amabalazwe inhlolovo, ukulungisa izingodo, kwi computer database, njll

Kakhulu neshaya kahle ubuchwepheshe yesondlo amakhadi, izisusi, le igrisi sebhithi ku ukusetshenziswa impahla, lapho kwenziwa ukunakekela noma eqhubekayo. Ngosizo lwabo abalungisi bethempeli luyoshesha sokwetshisa ulwazi nobuningi kanye nohlu imisebenzi edingekayo.

Ngoba uhlobo oluthile nokugcinwa nokulungiswa akuzona ubuholi ejwayelekile, imibhalo eyinhloko achazwayo ngaphakathi kohlaka uhlelo olulodwa. Ikakhulukazi ukuthi uhlobo oluthile imishini yezimboni uhlu ayo imisebenzi edingekayo. Ukuze kube lula esiphezulu, imishini inkampani uhlukaniswe ngamaqembu lula ukuthuthukiswa intando indlela ngabo.

Ezivamile imishini ngokwahlukana

Lesi sigaba sokuqala wenziwa ngokuhambisana imishini jikelele isimo njengengxenye izinkampani eziyisisekelo imishini:

• ubuchwepheshe;
• kagesi;
• ukuphatha abanye.

Luphinde ihlukaniswe subgroups isixuku imishini yezobuchwepheshe ibhizinisi, okuyinto ezithakazelisayo kakhulu umqondisi weqembu ukulungisa:

• ukusika imishini;
• Ekwakheni imishini;
• ekubunjweni imishini;
• Woodworking imishini, njll

Ngaphakathi kwalezi zinhlobo imishini kuba lula ukukhetha izinto futhi izici umsebenzi wokulungisa, kanye nezinhlobo ezithile yesondlo.

Ububanzi umsebenzi amaqembu imishini

Uhlu imisebenzi ngoba umshini amathuluzi kuhlanganisa:

• ukugqoka ukuhlolwa ngomshikisho izingxenye;
• kokuqina yasibamba futhi tensioning izakhi;
• kokuhlola amadivaysi ukuphepha izibopho;
• sokunquma umsindo vibration;
• ukulawula supply coolants namafutha, kanjalonjalo.

Ezinye izinto afakwe ohlwini lokubheka okukhona nokungekho sesondlo ekwakheni, ngokhuni imishini Foundry, ngaphandle izici ezithile ukusebenza futhi idivayisi.

ukugcinwa kanye ukukhanda uhlelo

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-izinhlelo ezenzakalelayo, okuyinto iqhutshwa izinhlobo ezahlukene MOT ukunciphisa izindleko kwalesi sihloko, isabelomali yenkampani kanye nokwanda okuphawulekayo ekilasini ukuthembeka imishini futhi izindlela, esiza zinciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukukhula kwemali engenayo.

Endabeni umsebenzi wokulungisa kushintsha njengoba kudingekile ukunciphisa hhayi kuphela ukulahlekelwa kodwa imvamisa yemisebenzi ngokwayo (kungakhathaliseki uhlobo ivolumu). uhlelo Ideal wafuna amabhizinisi - ayenqaba ephelele ukulungiswa eziphuthumayo, okuyinto nakanjani kuyoholela unscheduled kume ukukhiqizwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa nokugcina, ngokukhethekile, benza umsebenzi wokulungisa, eyenziwa ngaphansi nemibandela nokungabaza okungatheni. zokuqapha Ngisho olwenziwa yemboni imishini ukuwohloka eminingi yokuhlangenwe nakho akakwazi ukunquma ngokuthe nemali ethile futhi ucacise uhla izingxenye entsha imishini. Kodwa imishini yokuthutha izinto kuhilela ukusatshalaliswa okunembile imininingwane edingekayo, okungase kudingeke kusukela izimpahla yomyalelo ezithile.

Kuyini nokugcinwa nokulungiswa kohlelo

nokugcinwa nokulungiswa kohlelo - a eziyinkimbinkimbi ongoti oxhumene, nezinsiza lobuchwepheshe, nokubika imiphumela nokubuyisa imibhalo. Zonke aphezulu balindeleke ukuba bakwazi ukugcina isimo kahle imishini industrial, izivakashi ezithile.

Zonke amabhizinisi kuleli zwe zisebenzisa umqondo owodwa lezisebenzi kwemvelo kanye nemishini in a state of ukusebenza okuqhubekayo, ingxenye okuyinto ukusetshenziswa ngokomthetho yokuvimbela yokunakekelwa kohlelo (ERP).

Lolu hlelo kuyinto isethi ephelele yezenzo lwenhlangano lobuchwepheshe kwenziwe njengoba kwakuhleliwe, okuhloswe ngaso ukuqapha kanye nokuqinisekisa isimo okusebenza kwemishini etholakalayo ku yeNkampani-balance sheet kanye nezindlela. uhlelo ezinjalo lisetshenziswa kuyo yonke impilo imishini, kuncike eshiwo imodi nomkhiqizi nemibandela yokusebenza. Ukugcwaliseka esiqondile zonke izimfuneko kanye neziphakamiso imiyalelo ezisebenza uyisidingo.

Uhlelo zokuzivikela selilungiswa kusekelwe ukuqaliswa ezihlelelwe kokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuqapha isimo imishini ezinkulu has ubunjalo Ngenjongo yokuphepha. Ngakho, iqoqo izinyathelo zokuqikelela nokugcinwa imishini ukusebenza kakhulu futhi izindlela, wenziwa ku ihlela nyangazonke futhi yonyaka athuthukile. Uphiko wokugcina ukubala inadmissibility kanye nokuvimbela ukwehluleka ngokuzumayo imishini ezimbonini, okungukuthi, esekelwe zokunciphisa izindleko ezengeziwe.

Ukunikeza nokugcinwa nokulungiswa kohlelo

• Ukusetshenziswa kohlelo yesondlo ukukhalima ekukhiqizeni olunikezwa:

• nezinto ezibonakalayo ezanele futhi base lobuchwepheshe kanye nokugcina imvamisa ezithile yesondlo umsebenzi, isikhathi somkhawulo;
• Ukuqaliswa ngokugcwele koHlelo lokuLawulwa uhlu imisebenzi yesondlo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo of kwemishini;
• okwesikhathi esifitshane okungenzeka uzime okuyiphutha imishini ukulungisa (ikakhulukazi inhlokodolobha).

ukukhishwa umsebenzi

Kuye esigabeni futhi ukubaluleka imishini kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye ukuzinza izinqubo ekhiqizwa nokuphepha kwabasebenzi, izinhlobo ezithile zomsebenzi ukulungisa esiyolandelwa njengoba ukukhanda isimo okuyiphutha lobuchwepheshe, ezilawulwayo (okuhleliwe) ukugcinwa, ukukhanda of vyrabotannou eside noma inhlanganisela yakho.

Ukulungisa of imishini ezimbonini uvunyelwe ukuba afeze amabutho we amabhizinisi-abanikazi ngqo ukuyisebenzisa, kanye amaqembu ezikhethekile abakhiqizi futhi ukulungisa izitolo. Eziseqhulwini amashadi yenhlangano isitshalo ngasinye ezibekwe kuncike ukutholakala izinqolobane zayo, imishini, ziqu yesondlo nabasebenzi kanye solvency zezimali. Kodwa zonke ibhizinisi zezimboni, ngokuzikhethela kwayo okugcwele ukuba makudle noma iyiphi indlela futhi uhlobo BPD, esiphezulu kuyoba focus zokukhiqiza.

ethemini ye

Izinhlobo kanye nokugcinwa nezikhathi ngeke ibalwe izinsuku noma izinyanga, futhi kuncike kushuba uhlobo imishini industrial. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, izibalo ze traction ka kaloliwe (diesel, ugesi, nokunye.) Ingabe ekhiqizwa, ngokulandelana amagugu isilinganiso ukulungisa ukuphila.

Imvamisa nezinhlobo yesondlo nezikhathi zibalwa operation ikhalenda esigcwele futhi acabangele ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe abakhiqizi.

Ngakho, ngenxa yesimo encane ukuhlaziywa, ngezigaba, izinhlobo yesondlo zezimboni, imishini industrial nezobuchwepheshe, singaphetha ngokuthi mayelana isidingo yayo, ukulawula ehlelekile futhi saziso esiqinile. Kuyinto inhlanganisela yalezi izingxenye ivumela amabhizinisi ukufeza ekusebenzeni kwemishini izindlela, nakho kunomthelela isabelomali ukonga, kukhuphuke ukukhiqiza, futhi ukuthola inzuzo eyengeziwe.