Izinja Amaphoyisa: zohlobo, ukuqeqeshwa, isithumbanja izinja Interior Ministry olusemthethweni

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo inja iye domesticated ngumuntu. Waba Umsizi bakhe abaqotho - unogada, umalusi, unogada. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimfanelo ezikhethekile kwalezi zilwane yasetshenziswa kanye izinto ezindaweni zikahulumeni.

Izikhungo inja eRussia: Umlando

IRussia njalo ezifuywa eningi izinja eziye zasetshenziswa sokuvikelwa, kanye izindlela zokuhamba ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. ECaucasus nase-Asia Ephakathi zathathwa abelusi zohlobo (uMalusi South Russian), owanqoba indondo embukisweni Paris.

Ngo-1904, uJ Bungard eyasungulwa sanitary inkonzo izinja. Kwakuvamise abelusi German.

Ngo-1908-ke wadala umphakathi ukuthi zakhuthaza ukusetshenziswa izinja ukuba iqaphe namasevisi amaphoyisa. Le nhlangano lalilincane, ifake izikhulu mayelana 300 esiphakeme futhi amaphoyisa. Kamuva, le nkampani yavula nursery futhi isikole amaphoyisa ukuqeqeshwa inja bokudla.

Ezweni lethu namuhla inja bokudla of Ministry Interior uqaphele nge Juni 21, 1909. Kuyinto kusukelwa kulolusuku waqala umlando inkonzo izinja. Petersburg, wavula nursery lokuqala waseRussia ekuzalaniseni nokuqeqeshwa izinja umphenyi amaphoyisa. Ngezinye isizinda salo ekuqaleni umsebenzi abaqeqeshi esikoleni.

Ngiphephile ngokushesha ukusetshenziswa sniffer izinja sandile ezweni lonke - ngoZibandlela 1912 izinja ziye zasetshenziswa ukudalulwa kwamacala abucayi e amahlanu izifundazwe Russian.

Kutfutfukiswa inja isevisi eminyakeni Soviet

Ngemva Yombango inkonzo inja aqhubeka aguquka. Kumiswa kuyo entsha kanye nokuqeqeshwa inja bokudla. Ngo-1923, lolu hlelo Yiqiniso lwakhiwe for Izikhungo abafundisi Border. Ngawo lowo nyaka waqala umsebenzi esikoleni yayo rozysknikov izinja. Izilwane olungiselelwe umnyango uphenyo lobugebengu we NKVD.

"Red Star" nursery abadumile umiswa ekupheleni kuka-August 1924. Kusukela ngo-1928 uqala ukuthatha indawo post-Union inkonzo izinja encwadini lozalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwasivulela izifundo ku ukuzalaniswa kwamahhashi kanye ukuqeqeshwa lochwepheshe umsebenzi zokwahlulela.

The main zohlobo esemthethweni in Soviet Russia waba Doberman, kodwa ngenkathi ochwepheshe waqala ukuxoxa kungenzeka yokuzalanisa zilwane ezifuywayo, ukuthengwa Abelusi okumsulwa-ezifuywa German phesheya.

neminyaka yempi

Ezinsukwini zokuqala kweMpi Yezwe II cishe wonke amakilabhu inja ezisemthethweni ezweni lethu waqala ukuthatha abafundi babo empini. Isibalo izilwane ukuba kuthunyelwe kosizo amasosha aseSoviet ngezinkulungwane. Iningi amakilabhu kanye kuyo wakwazi ukugcina isitokwe zizalela.

Kulesi sikhathi esinzima ezweni lethu zakha amaqembu izinja nolwami imitshina ithangi kubabulali. Ngokuvamile cynologists ochwepheshe waya phambi ne nezilwane abazifuyile. Impi iye yabangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuze zizalela inkonzo inja kweSoviet Union, kanye kuyo abaningi namakilabhu baqala umsebenzi wabo esikhathini Iminyaka yangemva kwempi, kusuka ekuqaleni.

Kutfutfukiswa inja inkonzo namuhla

Namuhla isithunzi inkonzo inja ezweni lethu ikhuphuke kakhulu. Zonke abafisa abe cynologist bakhethwa ngokucophelela, hhayi kuphela phakathi contender kokuthunyelwe, kodwa futhi phakathi izinja ukusebenza. Akhethwe for inja bokudla kufanele kube ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ngixhumane isilwane.

Namuhla, 78 Izikhonzi Russia babe izikhungo zabo yesevisi izinja. Bona-akhawunti: cynologists MIA - abantu abangaphezu kuka-7,000, inja abaqeqeshi MIA - ezingaphezu kuka 3,000 ochwepheshe.

ukuzalela

Namuhla, izinja amaphoyisa e-Russia - zinhlobo mayelana kunabantu. Ezinye zazo enze uhla egcwele service kanye nomsebenzi okuphenya, kuyilapho behileleka abanye ezifundeni ezithile zayo.

Universal (futhi eziyisisekelo) izinja amaphoyisa - Abelusi German. Lezi zilwane aphumelela ukusebenza ngubo PPP efakazelwe ngokuzitika tekusebenta futhi okuphenya endaweni yesehlakalo, bonisa imiphumela emihle amayunithi okuphenya. Inzuzo enkulu uMalusi German - psyche esitebeleni. Kuyinto ebuthaka, nge ezingeni lelisetulu ukukhalipha, isilwane.

izinga Okufanayo kuyahluka nesihlobo esiseduze salowo "amaJalimane" - Umalusi East European. Lokhu inja manje futhi kabanzi amaphoyisa.

Belgian uMalusi Inja

Ngokushesha ukuzuza in ukuthandwa, entsha, hhayi angaphambilini zohlobo. Amaphoyisa inja zohlobo uMalusi Belgian kuyashesha futhi baphonsa "alufakwa", uyaphuma abanandlela umhlaseli ukugwema ukuboshwa.

Rottweilers zitholakala MVD okuningi ngokuncane. Lezi zilwane abanesibindi, sinokuhlasela okukahle futhi ezihlakaniphile ngempumelelo ukuqapha kanye wahlanganyela ukusebenza yokusesha.

Ezinye izinhlobo ukuthi Site komthetho, okwethula kancane amaphoyisa yethu. Ngokwesibonelo, terriers omnyama Riesenschnauzers - a onogada omangalisayo, kodwa okuqukethwe kwabo ibiza kakhulu. Dobermans, owakhonza amaphoyisa Tsarist, namuhla, azisebenzi neze, ngoba izazi ziye zaphawula ziwohloke abalulekile zohlobo abakhethayo ezweni lethu.

Kungani ungasebenzisi lokulwa zohlobo?

Ochwepheshe bathi amayunithi Canine namanxusa lokulwa izinhlobo, bungabalwa phezu iminwe. Lokhu incazelo yalo: ngokwesibonelo, lapho ukuboshwa kumuntu osonile amazipho ayidingekile inkunzi terrier. Futhi uma ucabangela ukuthi lezi izinja usabela ngamawala kwezinye izilwane, kuyacaca - abazi babe izinja amaphoyisa.

Kukhona amadwala lapho ochwepheshe ayaqhubeka ephikisana kuze kube manje. Abakwazi ukubona izinja ukuthi azenzelwa ukuboshwa. izimpi ezinkulu abangela amaphoyisa inja zohlobo Spaniel and Labrador. Imibono zazihlukaniswe inja bokudla. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi izinhlobo ezimbili afaneleka njengoba izinjini ukunikeza entendeni ukuba omunye spaniels, Labradors futhi ephawula ukungqubuzana ukuthi basuke kalula athikanyezwe ezishukumisa nezingahlobene nendaba ukusebenza.

Ukusetshenziswa izinja kule Wezangaphakathi

izinja Amaphoyisa, akungabazeki, kwabanye a umtselela losengcondvweni. Kunzima ukucabanga daredevil ngubani akagcwalisi nezidingo iphoyisa, noma (ngisho nakakhulu) bayichithe kukho, okubonisa ubudlova, uma eduze pointsman kwi leash kuyoba Rottweiler enamandla noma umelusi.

Mhlawumbe hhayi wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa yesevisi izinja kuwumgomo oyinhloko - ukunciphisa umonakalo kumuntu. ziphekwe ngendlela efanele futhi ebuthaka uMalusi at avelelwe abangela ukulimala kabi kakhulu. Yingakho linikezwa kulesi simo, imfuneko esemqoka - "! Uyayekela" ngokushesha ngaphandle kwemibandela akhiphe umyalo.

Esikhathini Interior Umbutho kanye ezokuthutha Ezigabeni izinja amaphoyisa wahlanganyela kule ukuthola iziqhumane nezidakamizwa.

Bloodhound

Umsebenzi forensic Ministry Interior, ngeke akwenze ngaphandle umuzwa inja ebucayi iphunga. Ngezinye izikhathi amaphoyisa inja kusiza embule ubugebengu eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto abasebenzi abaningi babefa "abayizithulu".

Inja bokudla bayaqiniseka ukuthi Bloodhound - kuyinto isilwane ngubani ifinyelele "umsebenzi" phezulu. Akubona bonke abamele zinhlobo ezahlukene bayakwazi ukubamba iqhaza imbangela esihle anjalo. Futhi labo nale umsebenzi nge ncazelo Ungasingatha, Uyi Yiqiniso sina ukufunda ukuqeqeshwa, okuyinto akagcini kuze kube sekupheleni isilwane inkonzo.

Lokhu inja amaphoyisa kudingeka afunde la makhono:

• Sebenza on the umzila;
• izindawo zokuphepha futhi izinto kuhlukile;
• usesho we ibhilidi noma endaweni;
• ukungabethembi abantu bangaphandle;
• liyombopha nokuvikela ke kuze ukufika MUP.

Ngesikhatsi sesifundvo kusukela snoops ukuthuthukiswa hhayi kuphela iphunga, kodwa futhi zaba zimbi ikhono ukuqonda isimo jikelele lomuntu. Abafundisi bathi izinja uzizwe yokwesaba. It ngokuvamile liyasiza quadruped "abomthetho" baveze ukoniwa eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Ubufakazi besayensi bubonisa ukuthi amathuba ukuthi inja lenza iphutha iphunga - one in a million, anamakhulu mane. ukuziphatha Nezilwane Ubuchwepheshe odorologicheskoy (ngokwesibonelo, lapho kubalulekile ukuba sithole ukuthi icala kungokwalabo yomculo umuntu othile) kuwubufakazi obungenakuphikwa enkantolo.

Ukuletha i-Bloodhound ezinhle, kufanele inake engu besikhumba saleso silwane. Inja kumele kungabi ineminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu ubudala, eziqinile, ebuthaka, abukhali futhi ukuhlukanisa esiyingqayizivele. Ukuqeqeshwa kwezilwane ithatha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha, izikole eziningana ezikhethekile.

ukuqeqeshwa

Ukuqeqeshwa izinja amaphoyisa olwenziwa abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-omunye iminyaka emithathu. Esikhathini nursery Isilwane liguquguquke kuze kuphele instructor kanye Umhlahlandlela ukuqeqeshwa. ukuqeqeshwa Inja Uthatha izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, isilwane eba Yiqiniso jikelele ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokuqeqeshwa ukuze eyala ekhethekile (ukucinga izidakamizwa kanye neziqhumane).

MIA Inja Izikhungo isebenzisa inhlanganisela yezindlela ezimbili - umdlalo futhi isisusa taste-. Indlela yesibili ivumela ukuba ngixhumane obuseduze obukhona phakathi komhlambi inja abasha umqeqeshi, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukuqeqeshwa isikhathi.

Indlela yokuqala kwezinhlelo isidingo inja yemvelo sika ukudlala futhi umthwalo ubuncane ohlelweni wesilwane sezinzwa, kukhuthaza isifiso ukwenza umsebenzi okuholela. Le ndlela esiwusizo ngokukhethekile izinjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela iye yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo nokuvalelwa coaching.

"Ukukhanya Okuholela" - Umqeqeshi isudu Friend, oluveza nesigebengu inamathela suit isilwane inja ithoyizi, isilwane kumele rip ke. Ngemva kokuphothula umdlwane umsebenzi eyeve eshumini nambili bavunyelwe nisuse emikhonweni oluyisivikelo umqeqeshi kanye inala silingo yayo. Ukuqeqeshwa kusekelwe wesilwane ukuzingela isazela.

Lapho sebephothulile yokuqeqesha inja uyakwazi sikulibazise ngomoni, ngodli phi ukuhlaselwa noma isibhamu. Kufanele bazi ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa on-site, lapho izilwane "udwenguliwe" umfundisi, nokusetshenziswa izinja zangempela kuncane kakhulu okuzihlanganisa. Sishilo kakade ukuthi ngemva kokuba yinja iphoqelelwe ukuba ikhiphe lowo okonile oseqenjini kuqala. "Torn ngaphandle" emhlabathini ukuqeqeshwa ovunyelwe ukuhlangabezana imizwelo engokwemvelo wesilwane futhi ayinikeze osenyameni ngokomzwelo.

Bakhetha izinto uyinuke ekhiqizwa nje futhi akudingi isikhathi esiningi nokuzikhandla. Lokhu kuyikhono kudinga inja-iphunga differentiator (bloodhounds). Namuhla, amasu ukuqeqeshwa for isampula ukulungiselela, njalo ethembisa zokuzivikela unogada inja futhi amaphoyisa inja. Ngakho-ke, cishe njalo nursery inkonzo izinja Wezangaphakathi wase-USSR wasisebenzisa ukuqeqeshwa ukuba baziphathe isampula, okubonisa ngento ekhethiwe ukustaka.

Nokho, le ndlela, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yayo kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, has nemiphumela ethile engathandeki abalulekile - izinja nilingcolise ukhethe izinto iphunga yabo. Izilwane ezifuywayo abasebenza ngempumelelo kuphela labo izinto abe nephunga eqinile futhi fresh.

Ukusetshenziswa izinja unogada e abomthetho emhlabeni wonke esasebenza. Uyakwenza kwi umzila, noma ufuna izidakamizwa - asize ekuxazululeni amacala ayikwazi overestimated. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi mkhakha inja wehlukile kakhulu - abayikho isibeke ku MOE, wabeluleki ezempi namaphoyisa izidakamizwa, bonisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu ngesikhathi amasiko, ukuvikela izindawo ezibalulekile.