Bee Larva: isigaba zentuthuko ukuze omdala, imikhuba yokondla amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Ukuthuthukiswa bee, Drone, bese isibeletho sehlukaniswe embryonic ne postembryonic futhi unezigaba eziningana: amaqanda, isibungu, Prepupa, unodoli. embryonic period iqala kusukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi kuyinto inqubo kumiswa eziyinkimbinkimbi nezilwanyana ezinamangqamuzana amaningi ezingaba Iqanda - isibungu. isigaba nangemuva kokuzalwa komntwana - yinqubo ukuguqulwa isibungu ku omdala. By the way, izibungu lezinyosi, izinyosi ezincane ku kwezidleke zezinyosi iyiphi ngokuthi "Detva".

Isakhiwo izibungu lezinyosi

Bee isibungu likwazi isakhiwo esilula: inhloko amancane umzimba emhlophe worm-like ehlanganisa kumasegmenti besisu futhi thoracic. Udonga lwangaphandle embozwe ungqimba ezondile chitinous. Engeziwe izitho zangaphakathi (kuyafana omdala, kodwa kancane athuthukile) ufeza ababalulekile amathumbu, ngaphambili odongeni ehlinzekwe ngesimo ngamapayipi esifushane imisipha. ukunciphisa yabo ivumela bee isibungu abancela ukudla okuwuketshezi. Along midgut, okuyinto usesikhundleni ingxenye ezinhle emzimbeni, welule izitho excretory - 4 isitsha Malpighian. Hindgut libhekene ukuma lwalugobile ne ingquza ekupheleni. It engakutholi ukudla okusalile, njengoba emathunjini phakathi futhi posterior phakathi kwazo kungukuthi unolwazi. Kwenezele Kulezi zigaba kwenzeka ekupheleni isinyathelo kuchazwe. Inhliziyo izibungu etholakala endaweni amaphiko futhi siqukethe amaseli 12, kuyilapho kubantu abadala isinambuzane 5. izitho zabo zokuphefumula zabiwa emhlabeni iziqu esifubeni tracheal nge amagatsha amaningi. Kakhulu athuthukile ungqimba amafutha akha isisindo ingqikithi umzimba mayelana 60-65%. kwezitho zobulili futhi isimiso sezinzwa kuyinto kwezokunyathelisa; amehlo futhi izitho olfactory bengekho. Udebe lwangezansi ngokufanele evulekile ukuphotha indlala. Bakha izinto ngawo isibungu osebenzisa umfece.

izibeletho Artificial siphetho: izisekelo indlela

Phakathi emathunjini futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda has amaphiko isitsha. Lezi ziphungumangathi zasondela lezinyosi ukusebenza futhi umama zifana kunombolo Iqanda amashubhu. Phakathi predkukolnoy futhi upopayi esiteji izitho elalikudle lapho liseyisibungu nezicubu kwamazinyo. Futhi ukuwohloka Iqanda imiqulu, okuyinto omdala izingcezu mayelana 5. Ngezinye masterbatch izibungu kumiswa wesibeletho uyaqhubeka ngesinyathelo unodoli. Kumiswa eziningi tubules Iqanda isibungu kuba eziphila ezibalulekile: endabeni le ukufa kukamama bee izibungu bayakwazi ukubuya ukuletha "fistulous" kwesibeletho. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa zemvelo isisekelo sokuma yokufakelwa Ukuhoxiswa indlovukazi izinyosi.

Ukuthuthukiswa izibungu lezinyosi

Uma izibungu iphuma amaqanda, waphendula ngokushesha liwela phansi esitokisini futhi phakathi izingalo ukunakekela abantu abadala, ngokushesha baqala ngenkuthalo zakarmlivat "umntanakhe." Izinyosi umhlengikazi walala phansi cell semali jelly royal (izikhathi ezingu-5 isisindo izibungu) akhiqizwa nezindlala pharyngeal nokuba okusezingeni eliphezulu a umsoco. Jelly izibungu iqukethe amafutha, carbohydrate, amaprotheni, amaminerali, uvithamini B Larva, enza njalo ukujikeleza, ivule beyivale ukunyakaza umzimba, njalo odla kuvuna zimpahla kanye ezikhulayo siyibhekile.

Isikhathi sokukhula asebenzayo futhi esesuthi engalawuliwe

Uma "osanda kuzalwa 'ndlovu enesisindo 0.1 mg kokuba ubude 1.6 mm ke ngosuku angakhula yena ngo-1 mm. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili, ukuphakama kwakhe ingaphezu 6 mm. Ngokuphathelene isisindo: emva kwezinsuku 5 kusukela osukwini ukuzalwa sibalo sakhe idlula isikhathi sokuqala 1400-1500. Okunjalo engalawuliwe kwesisindo has a Okuhle: emzimbeni izibungu ekuqongeleleni omningi izakhi kukhona esikhathini reserve, lapho amandla ayitholakali. Kusukela ngosuku lwesithathu ukudla isiba incumbe wehlukile futhi ahlanganiswe impova noju. Ngaphezu umsoco of isizukulwane young, izinyosi umhlengikazi njalo ezikhulayo zonke ukuvakashelwa ngomzuzu izibungu. Score lonke inani ukuvakasha yonke inkathi esigabeni elalikudle lapho liseyisibungu ngezinkulungwane.

Ngezinye izikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi izinyosi ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana izibungu. Lokhu isimo ngenxa izifo (Nzalo sacculated foulbrood European, askosferoz nabanye), bee ikoloni wamshaya noma lokhu kwenziwa ukuze alawule inkomba ambalwa. Uzitshela ukuthi ukudla nhlobo akwanele, izinyosi ukuqeda imilomo extra ukondla. ukukhululwa kwe izibungu futhi kungenzeka ngenxa yokulamba.

Molting: Izigaba

Ukwanda okusheshayo we izibungu akuphazamisi ubukhulu wengubo yayo yangaphandle - igobolondo, okuyinto kuphela elula ambalwa. Lapho nje yokugcina siba sincane, isibungu bee, ogama lakhe phakathi abafuyi bezinyosi kuzwakala "Detva", ngokushesha eshintsha elikhulu, elihambisana ubukhulu, kusale odezhku kulahliwe kuseli. Phakathi ukukhula nokuthuthuka izibungu molt kwenzeka 4, ngalinye elikwazi ithatha cishe ihora. Ngu ngosuku lwesithupha we bee isibungu inyuka ukuze ihlanganisa iseli ngokuphelele. Kulokhu, kanye izibungu futhi umzimba wakhe akukho izinguquko ezinkulu ziyenzeka. Isikhathi sokuqala molting isinambuzane ngemuva kwamahora 12-18 emva kokuzalwa. Eyesibili igobolondo ushintsho kwenzeka ngemuva kwamahora 36. Okwesithathu isikhathi isembatho ibuyekeziwe ngemuva kwamahora angu-60 kusukela mzuzu hatching, kanti owokugcina uyoba ngo - ngemuva kwamahora 78-89.

Predkukolnaya izibungu esiteji

Khona-ke bee isibungu engena predkukolnuyu isinyathelo. Bee lwezimpawu ke - welula kanye ubude esitokisini futhi wahlela ikhanda nokuvulwa, -vozduhopronitsaemoy isivalo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe, ehlanganisa 2% wamanzi, 46% ukukhanya mass brown impova ukwakheka kanye 58% wax. ngokushesha isinambuzane afakwe ezimvilophini ukhululeka ukudla doti zanqwabelana ngu kokucindezelwa odongeni isisu ngemuva igebe ingxenye. Lesi sici ezithile anawo indle kuphela ngemva yokudla kuyasiza alondoloze ubumsulwa edingekayo esidlekeni, kuphinde kuvikelwe namalungelo kanye okuphakelayo okuholela ekungcolisweni.

Ilungiselela ushintsho ibe isiphungumangathi

Uma izibungu lezinyosi amakhekheba ebugqilini undigested izinsalela zokudla, masinyane baqala spin umfece, okungukuthi eluka imfihlo ukuphotha nezindlala we ingaphakathi langaphakathi iseli. I isibungu ka bee usebenza umsebenzi wemfanelo onjalo akadli; lesizalo ngabanye uyama futhi besipha kudala umfece nge ukuvulwa bubheke phansi esitokisini. Kwakuthinta kusuka isibungu bee sidla jelly royal ngesikhatsi kokuhlinzwa. Umfece umsebenzi Ukuvuleka izibungu abuzange. Ngo bee esizayo esiteji elalikudle lapho liseyisibungu izinsuku ezingu 6, Drone - ezinsukwini ezingu-7, kwesibeletho - izinsuku 5.

Enye molt isibungu uju bee uhlangabezana kokuba ngomfece. Nokho, manje le nqubo iyafana owedlule: surface somzimba kwesabelo oketshezi ekhethekile okukhuthaza ukwehlukana asebegugile cuticle entsha eyakheke. Ngezinye moulting zokugcina kwenzeka isandiso lwangaphandle ezihlobene umklamo ukuthi ubukade ohlangothini engaphakathi igobolondo umzimba, kanye kumiswa kancane kancane umzimba yangaphandle. Ngale ndlela, bee ngabanye silungiselela ukuguqulwa ku isiphungumangathi. Dokukolnaya esiteji bee izibungu futhi umama uthatha izinsuku 2 Drone - eside izikhathi 2.

Ukwakheka isinambuzane omdala

Running e dokukolnoy isinyathelo izinguquko kancane kancane iguqulwe shapeless ku isinambuzane omdala: ukwakha esiswini, esifubeni ingxenye kanye ekhanda, sadonsa antenna mouthparts namehlo lecondzile nemisho lemagalagala. Kumiswa ingxenye ubambo is imilenze umklamo kanye amabili namabhuzu amaphiko. On esiswini kwandisa iringi amaphiko - tergites. Besisu isigamu izindandatho - sternites ukumboza Ezansi esiswini axhumene ne mncane plenochkoj tergites. Umzimba amafutha is ngqo ziyancipha, ngoba nge ukuphela amandla kuba komthombo wamandla ngenxa yokushintsha kwezitho elalikudle lapho liseyisibungu.

izinqolobane Nutritional ezinqwabelene emzimbeni isikhathi okukhulu yokudla, kancane kancane ungenisa emizimbeni esizayo. Endleleni, kukhona ushintsho umbala umzimba kusuka ophuzi ukukhanya onsomi ngokusebenzisa omnyama noma ompofu. inqubo ukudaya iqala nge emehlweni, uya ekhanda, esifubeni kanye esiswini ingxenye.

Yokugcina izibungu esiteji

Isigaba sokugcina ukuthuthukiswa izibungu kuyinto unodoli - efanayo ngokubukeka ukuze isinambuzane omdala, kuphela kokuba nombala omhlophe. Ukuba umbuso lokuphumula okuphelele, ngaphandle kwamandla, isinambuzane abasafufusa othola izinguquko ezinkulu: ezinye izidumbu zinyamalale ngokuphelele, abanye kancane. Uma le nqubo sekuphelile - unodoli liphenduka kwesibeletho zokusebenza, noma Drone bee, lo ongenhla ke peregryzet cap futhi esitokisini.

kwesibeletho Young ukuze uthole usizo ngaphandle izinyosi eziyizisebenzi; abakudlayo kubo phezulu umfece, kangangokuthi uba a empungana. Lena kungani umbala elingenamikhono, ungakwazi ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi iseli abophe yindlovukazi entsha. Inani umjikelezo wokuphila ovela amaqanda ukuze isinambuzane omdala uthatha ezingu-21 kusuka bee ukusebenza, izinsuku ezingu-16 e kwesibeletho, nezinsuku 24 ngesikhathi Drone. Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa qualitative wonke amalungu omkhaya bee esidlekeni kufanele kube lokushisa njalo + 34-35 ^{° C,} kanye izimpahla ezanele ukudla inani umhlengikazi izinyosi.