Izintambo Invisible. Ukufunda izixhumanisi

Modern amathuluzi okuxhumana kanye neziteshi nisikhonze hhayi kuphela njengoba nomlomo ngenxa yokudlulisa ulwazi. Bayakwazi ukunikeza futhi basekele umsebenzi zezinqubo kanye namadivayisi, oqapha umsebenzi wabo abasebenzi bakude ukuphatha kobuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi.

Mayelana uxhumano izinhlobo okuye kwashiwo okuningi. Sizokwenza nje uzibhala. Ngakho-ke, ukudluliswa kwedatha , ungasebenzisa yocingo, ucingo, umsakazo, umsindo uhlelo yezokusakaza, ithelevishini, satellite kanye nezokuxhumana mobile, izakhiwo ezintsha (3G, 4G, njll), ikhompuyutha seyenziwe futhi amanethiwekhi wireless. Kulokhu, sibonga ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe emkhakheni yokuxhumana futhi usuke, izinga kanye bit liyakhuphuka. indima ebalulekile kule play link. On kubo okuzoxoxwa ngayo.

Izinhlobo kanye ngezigaba iziteshi zokuxhumana

Ngaphambi sikhuluma izinhlobo, kunengqondo ukuhlonza umnyombo walokho "imigudu yokuxhumana" umqondo. Libhekisela uhlelo ehlanganisa medium lapho Lokusakaza isignali, futhi amadivayisi lobuchwepheshe kanye namathuluzi ahlinzeke futhi ukusekela Lokusakaza uphawu imvamisa ezithile ngesivinini ethile.

Ngokuphathelene ngezigaba noma typology, manje iziteshi zokuxhumana ingahlukaniswa kanje:

• Ngu uhlobo naphakathi conductive (ikhebula noma imvamisa radio).
• Ngu imvamisa uhla (hf, VHF, UHF, microwave band, milimitha band, infrared).
• Ngokusho uhlobo isignali (analog noma digital).

Cishe abaningi baye bezwa amazwi anjengokuthi iziteshi digital zokuxhumana noma iziteshi optical. Yiziphi izici zabo esiwuphawu noma izinzuzo?

Iziteshi Digital udlulisa ulwazi ngesimo binary code okuyinto siqukethe kuphela 0 no 1. Ngalobu buchwepheshe, kwakunokwenzeka ukuba kuzuzwe ukulahlekelwa ubuncane noma ukonakala kwanoma idatha, ngokungafani indlela analog. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ekhuluma ocingweni lisetshenziswa njalo analog isignali yokusebenza isimiso okuyinto eqhubekayo ukudluliselwa oscillations kagesi. Kungenxa yokuthi uhlelo analog kolwazi lokushintshisana uchayeke kakhulu kokuthikanyezwa, futhi nokuthungatha kungaba ngokuphawulekayo phendulela ulwazi noma ukulahlekelwa idatha.

link Optical abahluke ngaso kwezinye izinto uqobo, lapho ikhebula senziwa. Imicu yotshani Optical elisetshenziswa womshini yabo, ivumela ukunikeza komkhawulokudonsa okusezingeni eliphezulu, noma okungenani ukuhlanekezela isignali ukunciphisa ngisho at amabanga amade, amasosha omzimba sokungahloniphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, fibre izindleko zokukhiqiza lincane kakhulu futhi ulula e yayo Ubukhulu jikelele. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, isisindo izintambo ezivamile kungaba izikhathi 10 isisindo babashayeli optical ezilinganayo ngobukhulu. link Optical kukhona kokubili digital njengoba ulwazi sokudlulisa kuleli fomu.

Asinakusho mayelana nesiteshi engenantambo. Nye of them we zisebenzisa ngaphandle ngisho nokucabanga ngakho. Isibonelo lokhu kungase kube infrared (laser) siteshi. Kusenza sikwazi ukuzwa ukuthi uphathe TV noma kwenye idivaysi esikude, okunikeza ugongolo iqondiswe yokukhanya. Ukuze uthole amalinki engenantambo zihlanganisa:

• Isikhala seso noma laser.
• Microwave izifunzo (esetshenziselwa satellite noma LD).
• Mahhala inethiwekhi umsakazo (kungenzeka isignali ukudluliswa ngamaviyo eziningana).