"Izulu Ubusisiwe" - isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu. Yini ukuthandaza ngaphambi kokuthi uphawu?

Ngo emathempelini eMoscow zangaphambi wamavukelambuso kwadingeka imifanekiso eminingi ngokuyisimangaliso, bakhuleka, ubani iye yacela usizo njengesiqondiso kuzo zonke izici zokuphila. Ukukhala of izinsimbi ezisheshayo ngabo-Orthodox abantu. Kodwa kubo babeyizifundiswa ikakhulukazi ohlonishwayo. Bavela kulo lonke elaseRussia. Omunye wabo okuthiwa "Izulu Ubusisiwe." On kuzoba indaba yethu.

Ukubukeka isithombe ngokuyisimangaliso eRussia

Mayelana nendlela kwakukhona eRussia lesi sithombe emangalisayo, esivezwe lwemibono leyehlukene. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, ekhulwini XIV, isithonjana walethwa eMoscow kusukela Smolensk unkosikazi abangcwele Prince Vasily Dmitrievich - Sofia Vitovtovna. Ngo Smolensk, wagqunywa kusukela waseConstantinople kanye nezinye izithombe lasendulo. Kwesinye nguqulo ye isithonjana livela entshonalanga. Kodwa le nguqulo kuba ngaphansi obukholisayo ngoba kusekelwe kuphela izici iconographic yokuloba wakhe.

Kukhona iqembu elikhethekile Marian imifanekiso, ngokuthi "akafistnye". iphuzu lawo eliyinhloko ukumdumisa iNdlovukazi yezulu. Ngamunye wabo ihubo kwenjabulo nokudumisa udumo kuye. Leli qembu kungokwalabo "Inenzuzo esibhakabhakeni" - isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu. Yiziphi ethandaza phambi kwayo? izinto eziningi. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu - isiqondiso endleleni eholela eZulwini. Ungashiyi Our Lady of bonke, zinamathele kubo ukholo lwakhe.

Prototype Indlela yomusa

Kukholakala ukuthi isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu "Inenzuzo esibhakabhakeni" njengoba sibonelo inesithombe ezahlukene, eyaziwa ngokuthi "Owesifazane bembethe ilanga". Kusenzo ke sibalo Virgin nge Child ngezingalo zakhe ngimi phezu inyanga inhlendla. isahluko yakhe amaHubo bugcizelelwa umqhele, lonke sizungezwe imisebe. Imbangela yalokhu ukuloba kwakhe waqala kumugqa encwadini Ioanna Bogoslova.

Umphostoli oNgcwele uchaza njengabafanelwe ukuba ayibonayo ezulwini unkosikazi babamba inkunzi kwelanga, wabeletha umntwana ongakwazi wayemiselwe ukuba ngibe ngumelusi ukuze bonke abantu bomhlaba wonke. Wadala e Western Europe ngekhulu xv, lolu hlobo iconographic eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili kwaba eRussia. Yena emenza ngokubhala uMarian imifanekiso, kuhlanganise nethi "Sun" futhi isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu "esibhakabhakeni Okuzuzisayo."

Isithombe yesonto eMoscow

NeRussia yama-Orthodox kulezi imifanekiso babe behlonipha ekhethekile. I owayemdala kunabo bonke kwaba isithonjana of the Virgin "Inenzuzo esibhakabhakeni", ise- Ingelosi Eyinhloko Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. Kwaba ikhophi isithonjana lasendulo, eyabhalwa oda the zenzisa Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Ngoba senziwa okhandwe ngesando Uhlaka esiliva. Ngo 1812, uthe wathunjwa, kodwa ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, indawo entsha. Ezinye izingxenye zalo, ngeshwa, akazange ukusinda.

Namuhla isithonjana lilondolozwe eMoscow Cathedral of Ingelosi Eyinhloko. nokudunyiswa Ukuntuleka kuhlotshaniswe igama eMoscow Metropolitan Filaret (Drozdov). Ngo 1853 Wayala ukuqoqa wonke amadokhumenti etholakalayo ezihlobene indlela "esibhakabhakeni Okuzuzisayo." Isithonjana eyenzekile yayo kule iconostasis olusha isonto elithile, futhi ufunde imiyalelo Metropolitan kabili ngonyaka, wayewenza migubho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinsuku behlonipha wakhe eyafezwa isevisi ekhethekile ngomthandazo. ama-pilgrim eziningi eyenziwa amakhandlela, izibani zakhe uwoyela. uhlu olusha nge "Inenzuzo esibhakabhakeni" ngomfanekiso senziwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu elidlule. Isithonjana manje kwelinye emathempelini Yaroslavl esifundeni.

Adume Umfanekiso V M. Vasnetsova

Indaba lesi sithombe ngokuyisimangaliso luyobe lungaphelele uma ungenawo ukukhumbula Umfanekiso odumile St uVladimir Cathedral Kiev, umsebenzi V M. Vasnetsova. Lo msebenzi omkhulu kangaka ukuthi kuwufanele ngifuna kabanzi. Indaba yakhe akukhona kuphela ezithakazelisayo, kodwa futhi emangalisayo.

Ngo-1885, akekho noyedwa kulaba baholi ukuthi kuvulwe ukubhaliswa kwe-yethempeli elalisanda kwakhiwa, uProfesa A. Prakhov abamenyiwe Vasnetsov ukupenda izindonga, kodwa ukugula kwayo uvinjelwe umculi ukwamukela leso sipho. Nokho, maduzane nje, umcabango wokuphinde isithombe Our Lady ngakho bababamba, yaguquka. Umfutho wakhonza njengephayona yesehlakalo, kwase: umkakhe ephethe ngesandla ingane - indodana vskinuvshego e ekuqhumeni okujabulisayo izandla kancane.

"Esibhakabhakeni Inenzuzo" - isithonjana ukuthi sekuyinkinga ingxenye yethempeli

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, e Kiev, uphothula ethempelini lo mdwebo. UProfesa Prakhov neqembu labasizi wahlola izindonga esanda lemva. Usimende, njengoba sazi, is omiswe Ukuboshelwa omisiwe nezindawo ukukhanya alternated nge amnyama, eluhlaza ngaphezulu. Ukuya ukuthi ingxenye odongeni lapho kufanele kube khona indlela zaaltarny, konke kusenjalo ubone izindonga ezomile futhi lishisa we ongahluziwe kakhulu futhi ngenxa endaweni emnyama, uhlaka wakhe bufana Virgin nge Child ngezingalo zakhe.

ngokushesha Prakhov sketched lokho akubona, futhi bonke ababekhona ukuqinisekisa. Lapho Vasnetsov wafika Kiev wambonisa indaba emfushane, wamangala - uhlaka Virgin ahambisana isithombe ayewubonile umkakhe nendodana yakhe ezingalweni zakhe. Kwamhlaba umxhwele lokho ayekubona, waya emsebenzini. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, udonga lombhishobhi ehlotshisiwe le Umfanekiso adumile "esibhakabhakeni Okuzuzisayo." Isithonjana, okwaba yingxenye lombhishobhi generously umusa ukholo eza kuye.

Isithonjana - engumxhasi abavikeli kwesibhakabhaka

Namuhla, lesi sithonjana uhlala omunye abahlonishwa kakhulu kuleli zwe. celebration wayo senzeka mhlaka-19 Mashi. Isithonjana "Izulu Ubusisiwe", ogama value wenza okungaphezu uphawu ngesimanga nje samacala angokwenkolo, isibe ube ngumsizi wabaningi, amabutho Russian sisemoyeni, ngaleyo ndlela agcwalise enomsebenzi obalulekile yokushisekela izwe. "Izulu Ubusisiwe" wasebusika esungulwe Isinqumo Uhulumeni waseRussia.

Unikelwa ngebanga kokufaneleka ekhethekile esibhakabhakeni yokuvikela izwe lethu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi edume umshayeli lempi AI Pokryshkin ozalwa ngosuku celebration wayo, futhi empini wamnakekela empini uNina kaNkulunkulu.