Khrushchev Ukuncibilika ezihlobene ngokuyinhloko XX iCongress of the CPSU, okuyinto kwaba ukuqala isigaba esisha empilweni likahulumeni waseSoviet. Kuyinto ngalesi Congress ngo-February 1954, yena waba ukufunda umbiko we ikhanda entsha isimo, mqondo eyinhloko owawungumnyaka dethroning sehlelo ubuntu ka Stalin, kanye ezihlukahlukene izindlela ukufeza socialism.
Khrushchev ncibilika: kafushane
Tough izinyathelo izikhathi zempi ubukhomanisi, collectivization kamuva, kwezimboni, ukucindezelwa mass, bonisa izilingo (ezifana ngokushushiswa odokotela) batholwe benecala. Kungenjalo, kwahlongozwa le nokuhlalisana ngokuthula lamazwe ne izinhlelo nomphakathi kanye nokwenqaba izindlela zokucindezela ekwakhiweni zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Yiqiniso isethwe buthaka ukulawula isimo phezu ukuphila ngemibono yomphakathi. Omunye izici eyinhloko isimo wobushiqela nje iqhaza yayiqinile futhi abantu abaningi sebekholelwa yonke imikhakha yempilo yomphakathi - ezamasiko, ezenhlalo, tembusave netemnotfo. uhlelo ezinjalo ekuqaleni kuletha e izakhamuzi zakhona siqu amagugu ezidingekayo futhi umbono abanawo emhlabeni wonke. Kulesi sici, ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi, uma kuncibilika iqhwa Khrushchev abuqede kobushiqela eSoviet Union, esikhundleni simiso ubudlelwano phakathi iziphathimandla nomphakathi kobushiqela. Kusukela maphakathi nawo-50s iqala sokuhlumelelisa izimilo omkhulu zeziboshwa Stalin inkathi izinqubo, iziboshwa eziningi zezombusazwe abaye baphila kuze kube yileso sikhathi, wadedelwa ejele. Sidale umsebenzi okhethekile kokucubungula amacala iziboshwa ezingenacala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nezizwe aye avuselelwa. Ngakho Khrushchev ncibilika livunyelwe ukuba libuyele YaseCrimea AmaTatar kanye namaqembu ezinhlanga zaseCaucasia, badingiswe ngesikhathi seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, izinqumo kukaStalin nginenhliziyo ekhaya. Khishiwe ezweni lawo ababeyiziboshwa eziningi Japanese futhi German empi, owaguqula ngemva basekuthunjweni Soviet. Isibalo sawo Kulinganiselwa ezinkulungwane. Khrushchev ncibilika kwabangela ezinkulu izinqubo nomphakathi. A umphumela walo oqondile waba buthakathaka ukucwaninga kwaba ukukhululwa ekugqilazweni emkhakheni kwamasiko kanye nesidingo ukucula izindumiso umbuso kwamanje. 50-60-yalolucwaningo kumele kwenyuke ezincwadini Soviet kanye cinema. Nokho, lezi zinqubo libangelwa kanye nokuphikiswa wokuqala omkhulu uhulumeni wamaSoviet. Ukugxekwa, eqale e sibi emisebenzini kwezincwadi abalobi kanye izimbongi, isibe ekhulunywe yomphakathi emuva 60s, ukudala ungqimba pro-ukuphikiswa "ka sixties."
detente International
Phakathi nale nkathi, kanye ukunqandwa ku inqubomgomo angaphandle yase-USSR, omunye initiators eyinhloko okwakuyindawo N. S. Hruschev. Ukuncibilika ukubuyisana ubuholi baseSoviet Yugoslaviey Tito. Kugcine isikhathi eside, kuba Union ngaphansi Stalin, njengoba lesihlubuki uma hhayi henchman undlovukayiphikiswa ngokulambisa ngokuba bebodwa, ngaphandle kweziqondiso ezivela eMoscow, eholwa isimo yazo zaphindela indlela siqu ndawonye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona umhlangano Khrushchev ngulabanye baholi Western.
I Dark Side of uma kuncibilika iqhwa
Kodwa elala China ayaqala ukuba buthakathaka kakhulu. Uhulumeni walapha ka Mao Zedong abalwamukelanga ukugxekwa umbuso uStalin nokuhlubuka kubhekwe Khrushchev ukuthambisa noma ukuba buthakathaka West. Futhi Inqubo yaseSoviet angaphandle ukufudumala ohlangothini entshonalanga Asihlali isikhathi eside. Ngo-1956, ngesikhathi "Spring Hungarian" we CPSU kubonisa ukuthi kwakungasebenzeki uya ake eMpumalanga Yurophu kusukela emzileni siwuvumele usithonye, waminza egazini kwaba nesiteleka wendawo. Uma becindezelwa izinkulumo ePoland futhi eMpumalanga Jalimane. Ekuqaleni kwawo-60 ziba zimbi nakakhulu elala United States ngokoqobo ubeka emhlabeni embundwini World War III. Futhi kwezombangazwe zangaphakathi ngokushesha kwaba sobala ncibilika umngcele. Rigidity we Stalin inkathi ngeke ubuyele, kodwa baboshwa baxgeki umbuso, ukukhishwa, esiphansi kanye nezinye izinyathelo enjalo ngempela kodwa eyivelakancane.