Kungakanani ingane kufanele acabangisise?

Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezimbalwa ekuphileni osanda kuzalwa evamile ndawo ilahlekelwa 10% lokuzalwa isisindo. Khona-ke, phakathi namasonto amabili okuqala yena walulama. Ngokwesilinganiso, izingane kabili isisindo sokuzalwa kwabo ngemva kwezinyanga ezine futhi kathathu emva kwezinyanga eziyishumi nambili. Baby kuyoba nesisindo ezine izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka ngesikhathi sokuzalwa eminyakeni emibili. Ezinye izingane ukufeza lezi amazinga ngesikhathi isencane kanye nezinye lapho beba abadala. Kodwa kungakanani kufanele acabangisise nangabe lotsite ingane ngesikhathi ngasinye isikhathi yobudala? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ithi ikhathazekile njalo mayelana omama abasebasha, kube inkomba yokuthi ukuthuthukiswa ingane. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhula. Ukwanda esheshayo kuyadingeka isikhathi amasonto amabili kuya ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Kancane encishisiwe ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Khona-ke ukwehla waphawula ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye nambili. Lezi zikhathi yobudala ziyahlukahluka ngengane ngayinye.

WHO iye yasungula amazinga ngawo ukuhlola ukukhula komntwana, kuye ngeminyaka nobulili babantu. Ejwayelekile iqukethe idatha kuncike ukukhula, ubude nesisindo umzimba eminyakeni yobudala, isisindo somzimba ngo ukuphakama kwakhe kanye nobude, kanye BMI (umzimba mass index) ubudala. Ubude umzimba kukalwa lapho umntwana elele khona, nokukhula - lapho kubiza. Lamagugu ethulwa namathebula namashadi, ukuzisebenzisa kungacacisa ukuthi, kuhlanganise kangakanani kufanele acabangisise nangabe lotsite ingane kusukela 0 kuya ku-60 izinyanga noma iminyaka emihlanu. Esikhathini kusuka 1997 kuya ku-2003, i-WHO Curves entsha ekuhloleni ukuthuthukiswa zezingane nokukhula emhlabeni wonke izifundo multi-isikhungo yayiqhutshelwa izinkomba ukuthuthukiswa kanye eyakhelwe.

Ukuze ezilandelwayo amazinga "isisindo i-age" wahlola idatha longitudinal (uchungechunge nesikhathi eziphathekako ngezinye izikhathi ezilandelanayo) amasampula futhi isiphambano (izici ezifanayo fixed kanyekanye izinto ezahlukene) amasampula esisindo zezingane. Basuke-ke bajoyine ngaphandle izinguquko. Umphumela waba imodeli olulodwa esasetshenziswa ukuze uthole iqoqo Curves ukuthi bamele isakhi zifane "yobudala mass-umzimba" ngoba ucansi ngamunye. Lezi idatha elimisiwe ngesimo emagrafu noma amathebula ingatholakala kwi-website esemthethweni ye-WHO kanye izonqunywa, kangakanani okufanele sisicabangele ingane (a umfana nentombazane) okwesikhathi yobudala ethile.

Ochwepheshe ukuhlola nokuthuthukisa izingane liyasetshenziswa "BMI i-ubudala." Inkomba ngokuthi ukubaluleka etholwe njengoba isilinganiso esisindo ulinganiswa amakhilogremu ngokuphinda kabili ubude umzimba noma esigcawini ingane ikhula e square metres. Ngenxa yalesi Inkomba amazinga zakhelwe emaqenjini: eyenzelwe izingane ezineminyaka engu izinyanga 0 kuya 24 (isikhathi esingaba iminyaka emibili) futhi izingane phezu 24 futhi kuze kube izinyanga 60 (kusukela amabili kuya kwamahlanu iminyaka). Lezi zifundo okulungiselelwe izinkomba ejwayelekile esibonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezingane kuya eminyakeni emihlanu. Ukusebenzisa le datha, awukwazi kuphela thola ukuthi kungakanani okufanele sisicabangele umntwana, kodwa ngokuqhathanisa amagugu zangempela (isisindo, ubude umzimba wengane, ukuphakama kwakhe noma BMI) kuchazwa ngezindinganiso UBANI, ukuhlola indlela ingane ithuthukiswe. Lokho, ngobuchwepheshe etholwe ithuluzi okuthembekile ngawo echazwe ukuthuthukiswa bokuphila ingane ngesikhathi izimo zokuphila elikhulu.

Umama angakwazi ukuzithiba ufunde, kungakanani okufanele sisicabangele umntwana 2 izinyanga noma kumuphi omunye unyaka. Namuhla kulula ukuthenga izikali esikhethekile enesisindo ingane. Kodwa kumelwe kube ukuthi iyiphi Iphutha ayikwazi bavunyelwe ku nesilinganiso (esisindo sengane, ubude bayo noma ukuphakama) noma kuhunyushwa imiphumela nesilinganiso uma iqhathaniswa izici ejwayelekile. Iphutha main - ukuze uthole imiphumela ayilungile uma usebenzisa izinsimbi. Izikali kumele babekholelwa, ulinganiswe futhi ibhekane yesondlo gqwa. Zonke lezi izinqubo ezibizayo futhi isabelomali akuyona yonke imikhaya abasha uzokwazi ukusekela lezo zindleko. Enye iphutha ukuthi abazali - basebenzise izikali ehlukile nesilinganiso esisindo. Ngenxa yalokho, (eyodwa iphutha izinsimbi kushintsha yi ohlangothini ezincane, kanye nezinye - elikhulu) ungathola i-alamu on ukuthuthukisa enganele kid ukuthi akunjalo.

Ngakho-ke, indlela efanele kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi kungakanani okufanele nesisindo ingane at izinyanga 4, 6 izinyanga, futhi ngesinye isikhathi lokhu eside - kuyinto khona njalo GP yezingane. Imiphumela nesilinganiso isisindo, ubude noma ukukhula kwengane izotholwa usebenzisa ejenti noma ukukala (okufanayo!) Ukulinganisa futhi kahle ngokuhunyushwa usebenzisa UBANI ukukhula amashadi noma amatafula. Udokotela uzokwazisa abazali entsha indlela ingane eba futhi wenze izincomo (uma kunesidingo) ukuze ulungise amandla noma ukunakekelwa. Umama noma ubaba, kukhona nezinye izici eziningi ezenza kube sobala ukuthi usana lukhula kahle. Anakho ezinhle njalo wamathumbu ukunyakaza. Izingubo kuye kudingeke ukuba bashintshe njalo, njengoba siba sincane, kanye amabhande isihlalo esihlalweni imoto noma stroller kufanele njalo Uzithukululile. Ubuso nesibambo kwakhahlela, futhi umntwana laliya. Anakho iphango omuhle futhi ubuthongo, nokuvuka amahora akakholelwa asebenzayo futhi bejabule.