Kuryanovskoy ukwelashwa izindawo - eziyinkimbinkimbi for ekwelapheni emanti langcolile zasemadolobheni eMoscow

Zonke izakhamuzi inhlokodolobha sika batheleka nokucwila nezindlu zangasese, ekugcineni liphenduka izigidi amamitha angama-cubic kilometer angcolile. Setha kabusha iminyaka eminingi eMfuleni eMoscow. Ukuze wokuhlanza e ezimbili ezinkulu yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile isitshalo eyakhelwe: Lyubertsy e amaphrinta ndawo. Ngakho Kuryanovskoy izitshalo ukwelashwa ezisebenza SEAD (mpumalanga wesifunda ezizimele), iyona endala kunawo futhi ngobukhulu.

incazelo Jikelele

Esikhathini indawo ekhonzwa esiteshini, ekhaya ukuze omningi kwabantu - Abantu abangaphezu kuka-6 million. Futhi eseduze kukhona izinkampani eziningana yokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke esiteshini uthola nsuku zonke inani cwe ngempela kwendle - oda 1.8 million m ^3. Kulezi, 20% babe emkhakheni okuhlalwa kuzo, futhi 80% - ekukhiqizeni. Kutholwe Kuryanovskaya esiteshini SEAD (eMoscow), e-zezimboni endaweni Printers e kwimfunda kwesokunxele-loMfula eMoscow. Kuze kube manje, kulesi sikhungo ezibalulekile ingenye kunawo wonke eYurophu.

Sekukonke, lesi simiso kuhlanganisa amabhlogo ezintathu (NACA), ngamunye okuyinto lingasetshenziswa ukucubungula 1 mio m ³ imfucuza amanzi ngelanga. Ngakho, ingqikithi Kuryanovskaya ukwelashwa izindawo zenzelwe nomthwalo 3 mcm ³ amahora angu-24.

Umlando omncane

Izinhloso lokuqala kulesi siteshi lakhiwa ngo-1939 Nokho, ngenxa ukugqashuka kwempi yezwe yesibili umsebenzi sajanyiswa isikhathi eside. Eyalwa Kuryanovo ukwelashwa izindawo kuphela ngo-1950. Nakuba esiteshini, kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye iqoqo injongo efanayo, ekude kakhulu edolobheni - emaqeleni namahlathi, eduze izitshalo eziningana ezincane. Nokho, kancane kancane, endaweni eMoscow luyanda, futhi esiteshini ukuphela kwase ngaphakathi kwemingcele yayo. Futhi yena esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe hhayi kuphela ezinkampanini ezimboni namanje ezisebenza kule ndawo, kodwa amakota yokuhlala.

Yiqiniso, ukwanda komthwalo benza original design umthamo sikhungo enganele. Ngakho-ke, ngo-70s kwekhulu elidlule "imisele yamanzi" zokukhuculula indle endaweni wanquma ukwandisa amaphrinta. Ngo eduze eziyinkimbinkimbi ubudala Yakhiwa Novokuryanovskaya esiteshini ehlanganisa isikhathi eside, izilinganiso ezingamakhulu amabili zanamuhla. Kanyekanye ukwakhiwa yabo ladluliselwa futhi isiteshi esisha qeda.

Yiqiniso, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, design yisikhathi futhi esiteshini esisha. Ngakho-ke, ngo-2011, waqala emikhulu sesimanje yabo. Kuze kube manje, lo msebenzi sesiphethiwe.

Printers wesifunda (eMoscow)

Le ndawo kwale ngxenye inhlokodolobha for ingqikithi 17,89 km ^2. Printers ndawo inezintaba ezitaladini 30. Kuze kube manje, endaweni izitshalo ukwelashwa indle Kuryanovo ekhaya ukuze umumo wawo kungathi izinkulungwame 75. Man.

Printers ngoba indawo okuhlalwa okwamanje ifaneleka kahle kakhulu. Ingqalasizinda lapha kahle athuthukile, isibonelo, kukhona iziteshi ezimbili esitimeleni futhi ezine - eKursk isiqondiso IWD. Muva nje, ukuthenga ezindlini kuleyo ndawo Printers akekho Ngokukhethekile ngangifuna. Yilokho kanye ayebheke phambili endaweni inuka kabi zibhebhetheka kulesi simila ukwelashwa. Nokho, muva nje, le nkinga iye ingaxazululeki ngokuphelele. Mayelana kwaba kanjani, ake sixoxe kancane aphansi.

esiteshini design

Kuryanovskoy eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho - ke iyona enkulu kunazo zonke yokwelapha amanzi insiza eMoscow. inqubo yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile iqala ngalesi luhlobo eyodwa kwamakamelo ezintathu ethola ezixhunywe ngokuqondile omabhalane amapayipi edolobheni. Yingakho indle esingaphansi iphayiphi ukugeleza is basakaza phezu esiteshini NACA (ngokusebenzisa grilles isakhiwo). Namuhla emfantwini ikakhulukazi woza kwelinye amabhlogo amabili esiteshini esisha. Ngamunye ipayipi indle, amanzi angcolile sidla NACA, zingase zicishe zifane siqu ummese esangweni valve. Ngaphambi kokuthi uqhubekele iyunithi zokuhlanjululwa, notshwala asizwa ukwakha grid ukuze machining eyinhloko. Basuke-ke akhishwa ogibeni isihlabathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho emfantwini sidla zilandelana:

• e sokulungisa eyinhloko amathangi;

• ngogesi;

• yesibili sokulungisa amathangi;

• ekamelweni yokuxhuma.

Emoyeni amathangi aeration ihlinzekwa kusukela ikamelo elikhulu umshini ifakwe yamandla aphezulu turboduvkami. Sludge aphuma emathangini asendaweni ukonakala agelezela ekhethekile ukugaya amathangi, lapho isibilile. I ehlukanisiwe inqubo igesi isetshenziswa eyakhelwe eceleni TPP encane. Leyo isixazululo ezithakazelisayo lobuchwepheshe bavunyelwe ukuba babanikeze ukwelashwa izindawo Kuryanovskoy ugesi siqu ngama-60%. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokugcina nhlobo manzi ahlanzekile odabula Amapayipi legatsha ukuze umfula Moskva. Kuyo yonke indawo yakwa-anokungcola isitshalo ageleza amandla adonsela phansi. Kuze kube yimanje, ngamunye lempumelelo setha wokuhlanza imishini elise ngezansi odlule.

Kanjani yokuhlanza mechanical

Empeleni yena yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile ubuchwepheshe onjiniyela of "Vodokanal" (eMoscow) Bekulokhu kucatshangwa out nangemininingwane emincane kakhulu. Ngo Isakhiwo imigqa eyamukela anokungcola ibhekane ukucutshungulwa kokuqala. Nazi ukungcola ezinkulu mechanical ziyasuswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, badabula grid ekhethekile. I yamuva ayizona uhlobo isitsha esikhulu, fixed ngqo ukusakaza amanzi. Ekhethiwe yinkulu doti - ngayinyomfoza ngayiphosa bavimbe amaplastiki amabhodlela, polyethylene izingcezu, amahlamvu, utshani, njll - .. On ibhande conveyer wathumela kabusha. Isimanga siwukuthi iningi izinkinga abasebenzi ukuletha workshop ezivamile swabs ukotini. Ubukhulu babe ohlangothini transverse lincane kakhulu, futhi ukuze bakwazi ukudlula kalula kugridi esitsheni.

Ukwakha eyinhloko yokwelashwa mechanical ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili. Ngamunye wabo ukhonza block of esiteshini esisha. Ngemva Buildings grid anokungcola uya isihlabathi isicupho esikhethekile ukususwa izinhlayiya ezincane zonke amatshe. Sihlukanisiwe imfucuza amanzi-zingaxazululeki amaminerali slurry kuyinto okwengeziwe wageza zilethwe namafemu wahlanganyela womshini isakhiwo amamiksi, kuvuleke nokunye. D.

yokuhlanza yemvelo

Yiqiniso, i-amanzi eliphezulu uhlanzekile ukuyisusa kudoti evamile futhi zonke izinhlobo ukungcola mechanical akwanele. Kuryanovskoy aeration esiteshini - a effluents zesimanjemanje okuyinto bavezwa ukwelashwa nezinto eziphilayo. Sand izicupho ngemva kokuba ufake clarifiers eyinhloko. Lapha, amanzi asele e izinhlayiya imisiwe ngaphansi adonsela phansi ezizika phansi. iyunithi ngayinye ifakwe 8 NACA amachibi ezinjalo.

Ngemva alungise amanzi ihlinzekwa amathangi aeration. Ngakho ngokuthi iziqukathi ekhethekile equkethe sludge eziphila abakhuthele. amagciwane Ukuhlala ke sebeqala ukucubungula noma ikuphi ukungcola esisele emanzini. Empeleni, le nqubo efanayo kwenzeka emanzini zemvelo. Nokho, iziteshi inqubo yokuhlanza ishesha kakhulu. Ubuchwepheshe ngoba impatho begazi CBS ehlanganisa kokunikeza aeration Ukuhamba eqinile. He is ivuselela engokwemvelo umsebenzi amagciwane. Isakhiwo yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile esiteshini kuhlanganisa, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, futhi kwakhiwa le njongo egumbini ikhompyutha. Kukulo muzi lapho e amathangi aeration bese amabhaktheriya ezidingekayo notshwala ekusakazeni emoyeni.

Ubunzima eyinhloko lesi sinyathelo uhlanzekile yisidingo ukuqinisekisa bushelelezi operation truboduvok. Iqiniso lokuthi akukho bukhoma emoyeni yebhaktheriya kodaka aeration ungafa indaba amahora. Kubuyiselwe njengoba inani lazo lide kakhulu - ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Ngemva aeration cishe ngamanzi acwebileyo ihlinzekwa kuya clarifiers yesibili. Kulesi sigaba, ukususwa therefrom we izinsalela kakade isebenze kodaka. Ezansi ngayinye clarifier yesibili usebenza indlela ekhethekile - ilosgrebatel. Leli thuluzi iqoqa inzika endaweni ugqoko ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho yl uyiswa landfills ekhethekile etholakala km 60 kusukela enhlokodolobha.

Ukusetshenziswa methane

Akhiwe aeration amathangi yl ngokuqhubekayo eveza. Le mali ezosala isho okuholela kancane zilondolozwe ngokusemthethweni. Ngemva kwalokho, angasetshenziswa futhi. Ingxenye esemqoka sludge "extra" wathumela for ukuvutshelwa emathangini ekhethekile semisubterranean - ukugaya amathangi. Kube yl eliwu 54 ^{° C,} lapho-ke ihlangana ukuvela igesi iqala ukwenzeka. I-methane okuholela engena TPP ekuphehleni ugesi.

TPP

TPP Kuryanovskoy ukwelashwa isitshalo (eduze Printers, eMoscow) yindawo esiyingqayizivele. Analogue insiza ezifana kuphi emhlabeni. Ukuze kwakhiwe leli isikhungo kunqunywa ngo-2005, kulandela ukulimala ezinkulu, okuholele de-nginomdlandla kwaba kwesigamu eMoscow, kuhlanganise Igumbi injini CBS. Ngalolo suku, amagciwane amathangi aeration engayitholi emoyeni edingekayo nabo cishe amahora amathathu. Ukwakhiwa TPP ayifakiwe ngokuphelele kungenzeka kokuphinda we esimweni esingajabulisi ezinjalo.

Kangakanani ukuhlaziywa amanzi angcolile

Yiqiniso, izinga kukhishelwa ekhatsi Moskva emfuleni amanzi esiteshini kuthiwa ngezikhathi ihlolwe. izifundo Mechanical kwenziwe ngezigaba, ngokuvumelana nemingcele ezilandelayo:

• umbala;

• lokushisa;

• ukunuka;

• obala.

Umngcele we-lokuqala kukalwa ngama-degree of the Pt esikalini. Izinga lokushisa, iphunga, nokucacisa - I-ifonti. ukuhlaziywa Chemical wamanzi anokungcola achithayo olwenziwa pH ukuphendula futhi ingxenye yawo wonke ezingcolisa ahlukahlukene. Ngokusho izinsalela lokugcina amanzi kungenziwa izigaba ezine:

• effluents kamasipala (ezisalayo ezomile - okungenani 500 mg / l);

• esigabeni sesibili (effluents zezimboni 5000 mg / l);

• Isigaba sesithathu (ezingaphezu kuka-5000 mg / l);

• isigaba sesine (angaphezu kuka-30 eziyinkulungwane. mg / l).

I chemical kanye nokusungulwa microbiological we emfantwini kukhishelwa Kuryanovskoy esiteshini eduze SEAD (eMoscow), elihambela- amazinga SanPiN2.1.5.980-00.

Kwenzekani imfucuza

manzi ahlanzekile sidla ngokuphelele ekamelweni osenyameni evela clarifier yesibili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it is fed a imbobo osenyameni exhunywe kwi-Moskva emfuleni, ubude ingqikithi 700 m. Muva nje, le yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile , yaqedwa ukwakhiwa. Nokho, eminyakeni embalwa edlule elisha isakhiwo isiteshi magciwane lakhiwa. Kukhona amanzi okwengeziwe ukuhlanzwa yendle disinfected nge UV. Ngemva kwale kwelashwa emanzini bayabulawa Amagciwane ezihlukahlukene. Okungukuthi, e-UMfula iMoscow ukwelashwa amanzi izindawo manje Kuryanovskoy elachithwa hhayi kuphela kahle sihlanza kodwa futhi decontaminated ngokuphelele. Lokhu kunengxenye ekwenzeni ngcono khulu isimo kwemvelo enhloko-dolobha.

Fish esiteshini

Ikhwalithi lamanzi anokugcola at Kuryanovskoy esiteshini, olawula umsebenzi LLC "Vodokanal" (eMoscow), ngempela ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kufakazelwa okungenani yokuthi esikhathini eziyinkimbinkimbi offtake isiteshi uhlala nje omningi izinhlanzi. Uma wahlanganyela ngokudoba eziningi izakhamuzi zendawo ezinazo. Nokho, akunjalo kudala, umnyango esiteshini yavalwa abangeyona ingxenye yebandla lobuKristu. I-oda lapha manje abukwa onogada, abavumi ukuba insimu ka hhayi kuphela abalandeli yokudoba, kodwa futhi abafana bendawo.

iphunga

Kuze kube manje, izinkinga ezihlobene ukwelashwa izindawo, Muscovites abakhetha ukuhlala Printers ndawo, musa ukuhlola. Kodwa kuze kube muva nje indawo yalowo into kulo County ukusakaza ezingemnandi kakhulu iphunga okunoshukela. Ngo-2012, ngemuva kokuthi bethole izikhalazo eziningi abahlali ekuphathweni wesifunda futhi eMoscow, isinqumo senziwa kabusha esiteshini. Ngenxa yalokho, ekamelweni eyamukelayo sise emnyango, cishe bonke ubuso laligcwele nge ingilazi organic.

Ukuvimbela ukusabalala iphunga kusukela clarifiers eyinhloko futhi ixazululwe esebenzisa ikhava. Kodwa kulokhu, amashidi metal yasetshenziswa. Kuze kube manje, lezi iziqukathi avalwa zamabhodlela ezimbili - pontoon Floating kanye cantilever engenhla. Kuryanovskoy Wastewater Indayo - umuntu kuphela eziyinkimbinkimbi emhlabeni, okuyinto esetshenziswa i design ngempumelelo futhi engabizi ezinjalo. Abanye kakade ingxenye libhujiswa izifiki ngokuhamba sesimanje sekususiwe.