Lope de Degas, "Fuente Ovejuna": isifinyezo

Umkhiqizo omuhle Ungashintsha ukuphila komuntu, isize ukuba ibone emhlabeni ngamanye amehlo. Zingaki izidalwa kulezi babe emlandweni izincwadi?

Izincwadi ukuphila komuntu

Kuye kwanyatheliswa izincwadi uyaziqhenya lwendawo empilweni wonke umuntu, futhi kukhona inala izizathu. Izindaba yezincwadi zikuvumela ukubona izwe kusukela ngaphandle, ukuze baqonde ukuthi abanye abantu bacabanga nokuthi zizizwa kanjani ngayo. Ngenxa liyincwadi enhle, zingakhula abantu ngokomoya nangokuziphatha, ukuthola emgudwini wakhe. Ngokuvamile umuntu Unesizungu ngenxa bethola inkolo abangavumelani abanazo phakathi nabasizi bakhe, kodwa ukufunda le ncwadi, uyaqaphela ukuthi bonke abantu abafani, futhi ngalinye linomsebenzi ezweni layo siqu esiyingqayizivele kwangaphakathi.

izincwadi Spanish

Spanish nezincwadi zokufunda sekukhona ukubonwa ngekhulu XII, lapho eqala ukwakha ulimi. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, eSpain, sasivame Latin. Yonke umlando izincwadi kuleli zwe zingahlukaniswa zibe 4 nezikhathi ezinkulu isikhathi, ngamunye okuyinto wanika izwe elimangalisayo izincwadi memo. Isikhathi sokuqala kwaphawulwa yokuthi lokubhala ngeSpanishi eyodwa, futhi kuphela imizamo yokuqala unamahloni ukuvela. Esesibili - liyanda, ngenkathi Lope de Vega futhi Cervantes. Isigaba sesithathu kwaba ukwehla, kanti owesine imvuselelo izithembiso izincwadi iSpanishi.

Ujwayele kumbhali

Lope de Vega - kummeleli Yokuchuma Spain, wemidlalo, umlobi nesazi futhi imbongi. Wabhala izingcezu kuka 2,000, futhi babalelwa ku-400 kuphela yasinda. Umfana wazalelwa emkhayeni embroiderers igolide. Kusukela asesemncani wabonisa isithakazelo ubuciko. Kakade engu-10 wenza inguqulo yakhe yokuqala temibhalo. Lope de Vega langena University of Alcala, futhi wathola udumo kakhulu ubuhlobo bothando lwakhe. Umlobi yayiqiniseka ukuthi imvelo kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi zize phezu art.

Inyuvesi oxoshiwe, futhi waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye Madrid iminyaka 10. Isizathu kwaba ukubhinqa ebabayo ku intombazane emndenini bakuphikisa kuye. Khona-ke, umbhali ubuyela inhlokodolobha okwesikhathi izintokazi ezintsha ezinhle. ngokushesha Wathuthela Valencia, okuyinto kwakha inombolo imisebenzi ebhaliwe ukuze ngokwezimali ukondla umkhaya wakhe. izimbali Omangalisayo lokusungula kwafika esikhathini zokuphila kwakhe ongunobhala iNkosana Yase-Alba. Njengoba Lope de Vega wayeyinceku ka Kwamacala Ezihlubuki, wayelahlekelwe abafazi ababili, futhi cishe zonke izingane. uthando wakhe wokugcina kwaba intombazane eneminyaka engu-20 ubudala, lapho ehlabelela e eziningi zezinkondlo. basutha Eminyakeni yokugcina nge umdali idrama siqu.

Fuente Ovejuna

Idrama liyakhuluma ngokuphela ezenzakalweni ezazenzeka edolobhaneni elincane e-Spain. Umkhuzi Order uze Master ngenhloso ukuze nginqobe lwabantu abavukelayo. Masters kuyinto ingalandela, ngubani usanda kuthola isihloko kuyise. Umkhuzi Fernand Guzman uhlongoza nempi yakhe, inkosi Rodrigo Giron uthatha usizo lwakhe. Izakhamuzi Fuente Ovejuna ngokulangazela zilindele Ukuhamba Commander okubi, okuyinto has idumela elibi ngenxa yothando wabesifazane abangaziwa. Akekho ongaphika ke, funa ukuziphindiselela. Muva nje, Commander Fernand Guzman olandela indodakazi-dolobha - Laurencia, ngubani othanda umfana elula.

Master noMyali babe nempumelelo, niwunqobe ngokuphelele amavukelambuso. Fuente Ovejuna ihlangabezana Fernand Guzman ngezipho, kodwa-ke kwakute sidzingo Okudlula Laurencia futhi ithandwa abangane bayo. Isikhathi sihamba, futhi Laurencia ihlangabezana Guzman ku emfudlaneni. Umkhuzi enquma ukuthi yithuba lakhe lokugcina, futhi ngenkani ufuna kanjani owakhe. Nokho, akazi ukuthi Laurencia othandekayo - Frondoso, ukuwabukela. Efuna ukuvikela intombi yakhe, esongela Frondoso Commander isikhali futhi ukucasha. umlawuli Wacasuka uthembisa yokuziphindiselela ngesihluku salokhu ukuhlazeka. Ufika amantombazane uyise futhi ufuna ukuyithumela kuye. Nokho, umphathi-dolobha uchaza Gusman sokweyisa, ukuthi abantu abavamile futhi babe nodumo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, inkosi Castile ibona nokucindezela ukumelana UMNINIMUZI uMlawuli, ubona usongo ezithile kule. Ukuze uqonde, ubabiza yedwa. leli qiniso kuphela kulondoloza abalimi abampofu ubudlova i engumashiqela uthukuthele. Phakathi ukungabi khona uFerdinand Guzman Laurencia futhi Frondoso ukudlala lomshado. Phakathi izenzakalo ezibuyisiwe ilulaze ukwehluleka ezempi kanye ukukhumbula esedlule ona Commander futhi utshela ucije Frondoso ejele. Laurencia futhi bafakwe esitokisini ngoba aba nesibindi ukuvikela othandekayo. Fuente Ovejuna iqoqa umkhandlu, lapho imicabango yabantu zihlukaniswe: abanye hhayi bazimisele Riot, kodwa othile okunxanelayo ubulungiswa. Emhlanganweni zokulala singcolile Laurencia, echaza ekuhlukumezeni nasekubulaleni ukuhlukumeza wakhuthazelela, nokuthi Frondoso esezobulawa. Lokhu kuba isizathu sokugcina, kanti abantu bakhuluma ekhaya Guzman sika. isixuku esithukuthele umane linyathele kumlawuli, abangazange ngisho naso isikhathi sokusukuma.

Ukuyiqonda injongo yangempela yokunikezwa akunakugwenywa ukuthi umthwalo, abantu banqume ukuphendula imibuzo ukuthi umahluleli wayekhipha ngendlela efanayo: Commander wabulala Fuente Ovejuna. Ijaji wangabaza kakhulu bonke abasolwa futhi baminyana emajele zingawuhawukeli abesifazane nezingane. Nokho, abalimi akazange azivume. Babhalela nenkosi yakwa-konke ukuqinela abanye umlawuli ngaphambili, futhi lokho sijabulile futhi ukulungele ukuba baphile ngaphansi kwalo inkosi ethandekayo. Ngaphandle ukukwazi mlandu othile, inkosi yakwa-Castile ethethelela abalimi, futhi kuthatha emzaneni ngaphansi kobuholi zabo.

Isizinda esingokomlando sencwadi

Kuyinto imfihlo ukuthi idrama ethi "Fuente Ovejuna", sifinyeto eye okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla, kwalotshwa okusekelwe izenzakalo zangempela zomlando ezenzeka ukuba 1476 eSpain. Lope de Vega kulondoloza ngokugcwele yonke imininingwane, amagama, izindawo kanye nezinhlamvu. Ukudlondlobala izakhamuzi ngempela kwenzeka edolobhaneni ukhiye Sheep, futhi wathunyelwa webutho Order of Calatrava Fernan Gomez de Guzman. Nokho, umlando zomlando ubheka lesi senzakalo njengoba isiphithiphithi ngesihluku abantu ngabongi ababebe nesibindi sokuba ukuphakamisa isandla ngokumelene umbusi magnanimous. Umlobi iphindze ibuke sonke isimo njengoba kwakunjalo ngempela - inkokhelo ukuxhashazwa kanye nokuhlukunyezwa. Umlando ezimpandeni "Fuente Ovejuna 'amanga isimo sezombangazwe e-Spain.

Spain ngaleso sikhathi yayinezinto eziningi kakhulu dlova amakhosi asendulo, okuyinto sabonakala imisebenzi abalobi abaningi. Drama of "Fuente Ovejuna" Lope de Vega sika, okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla isifinyezo eliye, kuyinto inhlansi eyodwa ngaphezulu, wafakaza zonya ka izinduna eSpain uhlushwa nangobudlova.

Fuente Ovejuna: ukuhlaziywa umkhiqizo

Ukuze Lope de Vega ayebhekwa inyunyana esiphelele le nkosi nabantu abamthandayo futhi sazise. Umlobi ezifaneleke kwamakhosi izindlu eSpain, kodwa wayekholelwa ukuthi amalungelo ekilasini ngalinye kumele icaciswe. Singasho ukuthi de Vega ayewumisile anti-izinduna, kanye nenkinga eSpain ekhathazwa kakhulu. Nokho, uma esazi isimo nakancane yezwe lakhe? Ngokutadisha eminye imisebenzi yakhe, ungabona ukuthi waqaphela kude kangakanani kusukela real Spain amakhosi asendulo.

Imibuzo main ukuthi Lope de Vega wafaka emsebenzini, "Fuente Ovejuna" - okungukuthi, "Ucabanga ukuthi bekuyokwenzekani uma isephulamthetho Kuye kwatholakala" futhi Ngempela, kude kangakanani kuhambile ukwabelwa izipho kwabangenayo inkosi yakwa Castile, futhi "Kuzokwenzakalani uma umlawuli siphunyuke, na?" Wayezokwenzenjani? Umbhali ingabe ukuphendula umbuzo, kodwa umane ugcizelela ukuthi kuhle ukucabangela.

isithombe Laurencia

Drama of Lope de Vega sika "Fuente Ovejuna" ngeke kwenzeke ngaphandle uhlamvu zesifazane main - Laurencia. Umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi ngendima yowesifazane kufanele uzokhanya njalo. Ngakho-ke Laurnesiya - intombazane zangamabomu futhi enhle. It kungokwalabo abalimi elula, kodwa indodakazi imeya, onikeza lelo lungelo kubhekwe intombi zasebukhosini. Lokho-ke kuphakamisa wonke umuntu kulelo dolobhana ukuvukela umlawuli unonya. Laurencia has nodumo isibindi, njengoba kaningi wenqaba importunate futhi impudent Commander Fernand Guzman eyayifuna uthole ilungiselelo lakhe njengoba singahambi ngobuqili, amandla kanye nezipho. Ngo imisebenzi isithombe Lope de Vega sika ongumlimi ephelele yengxoxo uhlale kancane njengoba babecabanga ukuthi babeyibo abawuhloniphayo amasiko kanye nokuziphatha.

Laurencia sithombe ngempela, njengoba sichazwe ezinhle, enhle, enesibindi, ehlakaniphile futhi muhle. Lokhu inhlanganisela izimfanelo hhayi evame kakhulu intombazane elula emzaneni. Cishe, akunakwenzeka ukuba umlimi kweqiniso kwakungenakuba ukuziqhayisa nengqondo enkulu, futhi ukhulise umuzi wonke ukuvukela namandla indoda. Noma kunjalo, "Fuente Ovejuna", indaba kuthintwa njalo othakazelisayo izintambo komphefumulo womuntu is uhlamvu zesifazane - nonesibindi abavukelayo uhlobo.

Ukuhambisana nesikhathi

Ukuhlobana "Fuente Ovejuna" namuhla kuyaphawuleka, ngoba umbuzo ubudlelwane bamandla nabantu abavamile ihlale ivulekile. Ngaphandle, isimo sesishintshile, kodwa ngokuyisisekelo ayiguquki. Kushintshwe izindlela "ubudlova" nokulawula, kodwa iqhelele kude ababusi yesimanje owayedlalela pre-izithombe zabo?

Okunye imisebenzi kumbhali

Okunye imisebenzi umbhali futhi abonisa ngokucacile isimo zakhe kulesi simiso amakhosi asendulo. Abalimi umbhali uyazicabangela kube inkomba yokuthi umoya jikelele yezwe futhi kuhlanzekile ngokokuziphatha. Kuzo zonke imisebenzi umbhali yesithombe, ngisho nomncane kunabo iqhawe ongumlimi njalo ugwala okukhanya kunakwezinye umfanekiso noma iyiphi inkosi noma umbusi. Lope de Vega (ezifana "Izinkanyezi waseSeville") ukukhombisa ukukhathalela kwakhe okujulile mayelana nesimo sezombangazwe nezenhlalo yezwe.