Kuyini bayibutho mercenary, futhi lapho kwakubonakala sengathi?

Kusukela esikhathini eside esidlule, ephakanyiswe uthuli emigwaqeni lempi emazweni amaningi kokuzihlanganisa amabhuzu isosha yenza ngokuphelelwa yithemba fortune - mercenary. Kwakumelwe nezikhundla zabo, futhi labo ukhathele ukuphila okuyisidina, futhi ithemba abampofu, khona nje izama - abafuna laliba isisulu esilula. Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukubazi kangcono nokuthi yini ibutho mercenary ukuqonda.

definition

Kwaba okwakuvela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwenkanyezi amabutho. Bona Yayinesikhwanyana ngokuphelele ochwepheshe abenza uqashwe kwa-isimo, idolobha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nabantu ababenolwazi imali eningi futhi abadinga thugs abanesibindi, ukulungele ukwenza noma yiziphi oda futhi musa ukubuza imibuzo eminingi kakhulu. amasevisi abo kabanzi emazweni amaningi zezwe lasendulo, futhi ikakhulukazi eRoma neGibhithe.

Kuyini bayibutho mercenary eGibhithe lasendulo?

Ngesikhathi Old Kingdom, imikhawulo isikhathi lapho kuchazwa ngokuthi iminyaka 3200-2400. BC, engiphuza kakhulu phezu nomlambo iNayili. Izingxenye abangu ahlaselayo amatutu emazweni angomakhelwane e-Eshiya. Hhayi elondoloziwe.START_BREAKUkulondoloza sahlela ngisho ezindaweni eziyingozi imizana lempi. Yebo, futhi ibutho elikhulu kwakunzima ukuqoqa: izandla ukusebenza zazidingeka emasimini. Ngalezo zinsuku, abantu babengazi ukuthi kuyini bayibutho esiqashiwe, kodwa amaphoyisa esihlakaniphile esikweyoku phandle.

Baqala ziqasha amasosha basemazweni angomakhelwane. Ukuze uthole ingxoxo ukheshi kanye ukuphila okugcwele babezimisele adalule esifubeni ngaphansi yabacibishelayo nemikhonto. Lapho kwenzeka ngezinga elikhulu empini futhi ibutho waqhubeka Kuzonyuka eside, ezinhlwini zayo agcwaliswa ngezithukuthuku izizwe ayenqotshiwe, zazo bakha amayunithi esiqashiwe. Lolusiko baqhubeka kwaze kwaba phakathi nekhulu eyalandela, kuze kube kuwa impucuko waseGibhithe.

amasosha Roman

Kodwa yini isithixo ibutho mercenary eGibhithe lasendulo njengoba kuqhathaniswa sabafowabo e ehleleke kakhulu ibutho lamaRoma. Ekupheleni kwekhulu III BC uqede Okwesibili ZabaseCarthage neMpi, umphumela owawungumnyaka ukubhujiswa abalimi khulula. Ukuze ngandlela-thile ukuzondla nemindeni yabo, basuke bakamalalahlengezela agelezela ibutho soMbusi WaseRoma. Kodwa ngokungafani izidlamlilo wangaphambili bavumelana ukuyochitha igazi yabo futhi eyabo kuphela imali. Yebo, futhi lokho bayibutho mercenary ngaphandle lucre? Isimo waya ukubahlangabeza, inkonzo ukubuthela ukuthola iholo bahlonipheke futhi ngemva kwenkathi ethile (iminyaka engu-16) futhi isiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo okwakulindeleke izikhali, izimpahla eziningi izinto okudingeka ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Ngokuvamile, phela ukuthi ikhanda engozini.

sepoys Indian

isithakazelo ezithile namabutho mercenary eNdiya. Bona kwamiswa ekhulwini XVIII, wadonsa kwaze kwaba ukuqala XX leminyaka. Initiators yokudalwa babe ikoloni laseBrithani, India futhi kwadingeka ukuba akubizi amayunithi lempi kwakhiwa kusuka izakhamuzi zendawo. Lezi Amasosha nabizelwa sepoys, wangena umlando ikakhulu njengoba abagqugquzeli main kanye kubahlanganyeli ukuvukela lwabacindezeli babo, owenzeka ngo-1857.

Amasosha fortune ezwekazini laseYurophu

Kuyini bayibutho esiqashiwe, Europe wafunda ekhulwini XI, emva umkhuba ezimisiwe ngokuletha izinduna inkonzo yawo babhekwe njengabezinye izizwe. Lapho iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu waqala ukwakha ezinkulu uthi eyodwa, nababusi bawo, hhayi ukuthemba abezempi kwezikhonzi zakhe ukhangwa abantu bezinye izizwe. Ngaphandle abezinye izizwe waqoqa njengezakhamuzi, abalimi khulula, ababazi abampofu kanye nabantu nje okungahleliwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, eziningana uthi kwakhiwa kusukela zalamaqembu.I yaba isikhungo esiyinhloko ibutho lempi.

Ngo kusaqalwa ukhona, izakhiwo ezifana zidalwe phakathi nempi kuphela. Ukuqasha Amasosha yinkosi noma inkosi izinduna esimisiwe ukhomishane. Yena ikhishwa lobunikazi, futhi lemali edingekayo. Ekupheleni ubutha, bonke baxoshwa. Inguquko ngamabandla unomphela waqasha ezenzeka eYurophu ekhulwini XVI ne ukusungulwa emazweni iningi monarchies ngokuphelele. Lezi unomphela amayunithi lempi waphasisa kuqeqeshwa kusekelwe sokuprakthiza futhi balalele ngaphandle kwezizathu wafakwa.

amabutho Modern mercenary

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, ukwakheka amayunithi mercenary wahlanganyela izakhiwo kwezohwebo, ibhizinisi core okuyinto ukuze enze inzuzo oda exhunywe ne ukuqaliswa imisebenzi ethile lempi. Izinkampani eziyimfihlo emhlabeni namuhla, kukhona abantu kungathi izinkulungwane ezintathu, futhi usebenza emazweni engamakhulu emhlabeni wonke, elikumelelayo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle Antarctica. Imali yonyaka wonke lo "umkhakha sokufa" ezilikhulu dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane.

Indaba ukuthi ibutho mercenary emhlabeni namuhla luyobe lungaphelele uma hhayi ukukhumbula ezinye izici ezengeziwe. Lena ngokuyinhloko ukuxhashazwa imishini yesimanje lempi. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Afghanistan, izinkampani ezizimele ukukhonza drones lempi, enifeza kwesimo endaweni for US amabutho ahlomile. Ngo eziningi ezidonsela bayobe besebenza njengethuluzi abaqeqeshi ongoti, kanye wahlanganyela kokunikeza amabutho ngophethiloli kanye nezinhlamvu. Kodwa yini laba bantu babehilelekile, umphumela nemisebenzi yabo ihlale kokufa, ukucekeleka phansi futhi usizi lwabantu.