ImpiloIzifo nemibandela

Kuyini shigellosis futhi indlela yokuphatha kulo

Kule ndaba, njengoba uhudo, sezwa abantu abaningi. Kuyini shigellosis, izici isifo, izimbangela zezinkumbulo nezindlela zokuchithwa kwemfucumfucu ekhiqizwa - konke lokhu futhi ufuna manje ukutshela ngokuningiliziwe.

amagama

Ekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuqonda imigomo eyisisekelo esetshenziswa esihlokweni samanje. Ngakho, liyini shigellosis? Ngolimi uzobajayela - kuyinto uhudo, okusho viral ukutheleleka emathunjini. Ezibangelwa amagciwane, okungokwendlela ozala Shigella (kusuka lapha futhi kwakungekho ukuvela igama isifo).

Futhi, odokotela bathi inkinga okungenzeka kakhulu ukuba kwenzeke esikhathini ezishisa konyaka, okusho ikakhulukazi ehlobo, hhayi ebusika. Abantu banezinkinga ke ngokulinganayo, kungakhathaliseki ubulili. Nokho, ngokuvamile kakhulu kuthinta izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kuka-iminyaka engu-2 no-4.

mayelana exciter

Lwegciwane Shigella - Shigella amagciwane umndeni. Ikakhulukazi olukhuni kukhona Shigella sonnei. Ukusebenza bangakwazi iqhubeka isikhathi eside kakhulu, ngisho izinyanga eziningana (ngesikhathi esishisayo ikakhulukazi). I izimo ezikahle kakhulu kabusha la magciwane - kuba ukudla (yenkomo, inyama abilisiwe futhi abilisiwe inhlanzi, ubisi nemikhiqizo yalo, kanye jelly and izithelo iziphuzo). Ama-bacterium ukudluliswa indlela - fecal-ngomlomo. Kokuthunyelwa efanayo contact-yasendlini, amanzi nokudla by. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuthi kungaba ungenwe ngisho noma umzimba womuntu uthola amaseli esingaphansi 100 Shigella.

Odokotela bathi futhi ukuthi abe nozwela abantu abahlukahlukene ukuba lesi sifo ezihlukene, isibonelo, kuncike lwegazi. ukuzwela Maximum bangabantu kokuba amaqembu legazi A (II), RP (2), RH (-).

pathogenicity izici

Sicabanga obengeziwe bokuthi shigellosis ezinjalo. Kufanele ukuthi bebodwa la magciwane ifa eziningi izakhiwo ukuthi kukhona pathogenic ukuba abantu:

  • Invasin. Lawa amaprotheni ekhethekile ezisiza amagciwane angaba yingozi zingene ulwelwesi lwamafinyila we emathunjini. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu abathintekayo ngaso esigabeni engezansi yomzimba.
  • Endotoxin. Kuyinto ngokusebenzisa lezi micronutrients umuntu inezimpawu lokudakwa.
  • Exotoxin. Lena into elimazayo ekhipha amagciwane ku umthamo wegazi lesiguli. Yilokhu kubangela nenkinga njengesifo sohudo.

symptomatology

Uma sikhuluma ngenkinga ezifana shigellosis, izimpawu - yilokho okufanele nakanjani ukutshela. Ekuqaleni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi okuvela sifo esiqhingini esikhulu. Yini umuntu uzizwa ngale sifo?

  1. Endaweni yokuqala kukhona isifo sohudo, okubizwa ngokuthi "isifo sohudo olunegazi".
  2. amajaqamba besisu. Ekuqaleni, ubuhlungu sifiphele, iba acute ngaphezulu, is cramping ngokwemvelo. Kwasendaweni: esiswini aphansi, ikakhulukazi - ngakwesokunxele. Ubuhlungu kungenziwa iyakhula phambi kwesihlalo, futhi ngokuvamile ufikelwa izinkanuko zamanga.
  3. Fever.
  4. Izimpawu lokudakwa: anda umzimba lokushisa izinkomba, ukuqaqamba kwamalunga omzimba futhi ukuba buthakathaka kwezicubu.

Zonke lezi izinkomba ziboniswa mayelana elilandelayo amahora amabili nane emva kokutheleleka. Ngakho, isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni lesi sifo imayelana 1-7 izinsuku (kwezinye izimo, kungenziwa saba 5-10 amahora).

uhudo acute

Lesi sifo ungaba kokubili oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki. Kuyini shigellosis neso elibukhali kangaka? Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lolu hlobo isifo kubonakala ekhuthele kakhulu. Symptomatology elikhanyayo. Odokotela bathi kulokhu eyayithintekile nje ikholoni. Izimpawu yaleli fomu lesi sifo:

  • Fever. Izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Uma izingane ezihilelekile, izinkomba ongafinyelela uphawu 40 ° C.
  • Isifo sohudo. Ekuqaleni, okufutshane wamathumbu ukunyakaza ube ukungaguquguquki zamanzi. Nokho, ukuthuthukiswa sifo inani izimoto yokugezela yanda, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube izikhathi 30 ngosuku. Imfucuza zingatholakala isikhwehlela, igazi noma ubomvu. Kufanele kuqashelwe, ukuthi igazi sezinyawo, "uthi" ukuthi uhudo umuntu, hhayi esinye isifo sokuphazamiseka emathunjini.
  • Ubuhlungu besisu. Ingabe cramping ngokwemvelo. ukwandisa kancane kancane.
  • Tenesmus. okungukuthi isiguli bangezwa nesifiso sokufuna zamanga ukuba azikhulula. Futhi, kukhona ubuhlungu ingquza ngemva kokuya ethoyilethi.
  • Ngaphansi ezivamile, kodwa namanje ngezinye izikhathi isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Uma isikhathi aqale ukwelashwa, inkinga zingaxazululwa ngeviki. Kungenjalo kunobungozi yezinkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi kungenzeka esibulalayo.

uhudo okungamahlalakhona

shigellosis okungamahlalakhona kungakwenza ihlonzwe lapho lesi sifo izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu. Inkambo isifo kungase kube ihluke kakhulu.

Ngakho, inkinga kungenzeka nsuku Ngokuqhubeka, lokubuya kwesifo singenzeka. Lolu hlobo sifo futhi libhekene izinkathi kokushelela. Symptomatology wabonakaliswa, ukuze ngezinga elincane kakhulu kunezinye ifomu oyingozi. Izimpawu zesifo seziyashelela, akunjalo evelele. Ezimweni eziningi alikho igazi sezinyawo, futhi izinga lokushisa komzimba ukufundwa musa idlule uphawu 37,5 ° C.

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana izingane

Shigellosis ezinganeni avame kwenzeka phakathi neminyaka zasenkulisa. Inkinga enkulu Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umntwana ngokuvamile udonsa izandla ezingcolile namathoyizi emlonyeni wakhe ngale ndlela futhi singangenwa amagciwane. Odokotela of Statistics uthi mayelana 70% yazo zonke iziguli - lena izingane.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi shigellosis ezinganeni kwenzeka kancane ehlukile kunakubantu abadala. Kuyini sici for iziguli omncane engenathi:

  • Sezinyawo ezinkulu, nephunga elibi, oluhlaza. Kungaba ukuthola isikhwehlela, kanye izigaxa ukudla undigested. Streaks wegazi awavamile.
  • Isisu in nezingane awathandi futhi ulele.
  • toxicosis Primary ibuthakathaka, kodwa yesibili - eqinile. Siyabhubha umzimba, uketshezi electrolyte ibhalansi.
  • Ngokuvamile ukuthuthukisa i-pneumonia noma otitis abezindaba - yesibili kwegciwane.
  • Lesi sifo has a uhlamvu mihlobiso. Futhi, abantwana abancane babe ukuthambekela nezifo ezingamahlala khona.

ukuhlola

Yini enye okudingeka ukwazi ngalesi sifo njengoba shigellosis? Ukuxilonga (primary) kungaba kwenziwe ngisho ekhaya. Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, inkomba oyinhloko khona kwale isifo - igazi kuso. Uma kwakukhona lesi uphawu, udinga ngokushesha ukufuna usizo kadokotela. Yini eyenza uchwepheshe?

  1. indlela bacteriological. It ayihlwanyelayo indle ezokwenza kube lula ukubona ukuthi Amagciwane.
  2. Serological. Kulokhu, igazi ngifuna amasosha shigella. Kodwa-ke kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le ndlela cishe akazange asebenzise. Ngemva lonke ulwazi ungathola ngokusebenzisa kalula futhi ngokuphepha nge izindlela bacteriological.
  3. PCR. Le ndlela liyasetshenziswa kakhulu kuyaqabukela, ngoba ngempela eqolo. Ngimaphi: kwencazelo zofuzo kwesihlalo Shigella.

ukwelashwa

Sibheka okwengeziwe izifo ezifana shigellosis. Ukwelashwa nezindlela ukuqeda inkinga - liphinde idinga ukutshelwa. Yimiphi imithi angaqoka udokotela?

  • Izidakamizwa "Regidron". Kuyasiza ekulawuleni amanzi-usawoti ibhalansi, okuyinto ncamashi siphukile, uma isifo sohudo lesiguli.
  • Sorbents. Lawa izidakamizwa njenge "Smecta", "Enterosgel". injongo yabo eyinhloko - ukunciphisa imiphumela enobuthi emzimbeni, kanye ekulweni nesifo sohudo.
  • Imithi elwa namagciwane. Uma lesi sifo omnene, ukusetshenziswa kwazo ayidingekile. Nokho, ezimweni eziningi, uma kukhona admixture kwegazi, odokotela linqume le imithi kaningi indle ngokuthi "Ciprofloxacin". Ungasebenzisa futhi amathuluzi anjenge "tetracycline", "ampicillin". Isikhathi reception kungaba ezahlukene, kodwa kwezinsuku ezilinganiselwa kwezingu-5.

Isexwayiso! Ukuthola imithi antidiarrheal ezifana "Loperamide", "Immodium", akuvunyelwe nakancane. Bona ukubambezela yonke ukukhululwa kwe-mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we lwegciwane emathunjini. Lokhu kakhulu isikhathi eside ukululama kanye excretion of amagciwane ayingozi.

Nutrition, Ukudla

Kulesi sihloko kuyacaca ukuthi Shigellosis - uhudo, okusho inkinga ezihlobene pheshana emathunjini. Yingakho, kanye ukwelashwa isiguli inikezwe Ukudla ethize. Uma isiguli engenwe isifo sohudo, ubonisa itafula №4. Its Ingqikithi: okuqukethwe ukuncipha amafutha kanye carbohydrate e lemali evamile wamaprotheni yokuqothulwa. Kubalulekile kuleli cala ukuqeda ukudla ezibangela ukubuyisa futhi ukuvuvukala.

Imikhiqizo Kunconywa ukuthola:

  1. Ukolweni crackers.
  2. Isobho ku umhluzi ukukhanya nge wokudla.
  3. Soft inyama yenkukhu nenhlanzi abilisiwe.
  4. Fresh ephansi fat cottage shizi.
  5. Ephalishini phezu kwamanzi: oatmeal, irayisi, nokunye okufana nokolweni.
  6. Amaqanda: steamed noma ibilisiwe soft-abilisiwe, hhayi ningi than 2 PC. ngosuku.
  7. imifino eliphekiwe.

anamahlazo Ukudla:

  1. Ufulawa nesitolo imikhiqizo.
  2. broths Amafutha kanye nesobho okusekelwe kuzo.
  3. Inyama okunamafutha, inhlanzi.
  4. Ubisi nemikhiqizo etholakala yilo.
  5. Pasta.
  6. Kashi: ukolweni, ibhali, ibhali.
  7. Izitshalo.
  8. udle imifino kanye nezithelo.
  9. Ukhokho, ikhofi, iziphuzo carbonated.

Uma kwesitulo sibuyela kwesejwayelekile, ungaya ku-№2 Ukudla. Kuyinto ethambile okuningi kwalowo odlule. Kulokhu, ekudleni kungafaka ukudla okulandelayo kakade:

  • isinkwa endala.
  • Inyama nenhlanzi.
  • Imikhiqizo yobisi.
  • izithelo ezivuthiwe izithelo ngesimo frayed.
  • Amaswidi: uswidi, candy, candy.

zokuvimbela

Ukuze igweme izinkinga ezinjalo, ezifana shigellosis, zokuvimbela - ukuthi kubalulekile. Ngemva kokubona abanye izinyathelo, kulula ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa yalesi sifo.

  1. Kuyadingeka ukuba zigeze izandla kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ukuba nenze lokhu ngemva kokuya ethoyilethi.
  2. Izingane ezincane kusukela zisencane kufanele zifundiswe imithetho yokuhlanzeka.
  3. Kubalulekile ukugcina kahle bese upheka ukudla okunhlobonhlobo.
  4. Ngemva contact neziguli kufanele aqiniseke ukuthi ugeza izandla. nelineni Sibekezele kufanele disinfected.
  5. Iziguli akufanele uvakashele izindawo lapho amaqembu abantu (ngiye emsebenzini, esikoleni, enkulisa). Phela, nabo basuke kukhona abathwali ukutheleleka. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela emva Imiphumela engakhi webhaktheriya inoculation test.

Ikakhulukazi unake konke okungenhla kusho izinyathelo zokuphepha kumele aphathe abasebenzi Inani izikhungo ukudla.

yezinkinga

Kuyini shigellosis - waqonda. Ekupheleni sidinga akhunjuzwe ukuthi angakhula lesi sifo uma ingelashwa kahle ezihlukahlukene izinkinga. Kuyini, pho, okumelwe yesatshwe?

Prolapse we ingemuva. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa tenesmus futhi njalo uhambo ethoyilethi.

Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Uhlangana ne kakhulu sezinyawo zamanzi. Kubabangele imiphumela engemihle ezingathinta zonke izinhlaka futhi zomzimba.

Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukopha emathunjini. Esimweni esinjalo isiguli kubonisa esibhedlela ngokushesha.

ukudakwa Sinzima (kwezokwelapha kulesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi megacolon enobuthi). Lapha sisalokhu engxenyeni engezansi emathunjini ezinkulu, izindonga zawo ukushwaqa. Ngenxa yalokho, igazi ugxile eziningi ubuthi. Lesi simo singaba ngisho nasekufeni.

Kungase kukhinyabeze ukusebenza izinso, ngezinye izikhathi ezinzima esingamahlalakhona kwezinso. Ukubonakaliswa lokuqala le nkinga - oliguria, okusho ukwehla elibukhali inani umchamo isiguli.

Hemolysis. Kulokhu, isiguli singase baba nesifo sokuntuleka kwegazi okukhulu, igazi platelet count is kakhulu ziyancipha.

Bacteremia. Kulokhu, ama-bacterium umthamo wegazi lesiguli uthole. Lesi simo ngokuvamile kwenzeka iziguli ezingondlekile kahle. Ngulona logeleta nzima kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kuyaphela ekufeni.

ukutheleleka yesibili. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokukhathala. Esimweni esinjalo ngokuvamile kuphakama izifo ezifana pheshana urinary unesifo noma i-pneumonia.

Ngemva ngisalulama isikhashana azikwazi ukulondolozwa esihlalweni sifo. Konke lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi, ngesikhathi Shigella ethintekile mucosa emathunjini, okuholela ukulimala kabi.

Bantwana esalulama isifo ifomu kanzima omunye ngemva kwezinyanga ezithile kungenzeka nobuthakathaka umzimba, ukukhathala, ukukhathala. Futhi, kaningi kunenkinga ezifana goiter.

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