L. Minkus "Bayadere" (ballet): okuqukethwe

Ballet Minkus 'La Bayadère "ingenye ballets edume kunazo Russian kwekhulu le-19. Umbhali umculo baba Ludwig Minkus, le Libretto lalotshwa Sergei Khudyakov, kanye nobuciko bokusina - edume uMarius Petipa.

Yayinjani ballet

La Bayadere ngokuthi amantombazane Indian ababe abadansi emathempelini, lapho anikwa abazali ngezizathu ukuthi bangabafokazi engathandwa futhi engafunwa.

Kukhona izinguqulo ezihlukene ukuthi uchaze ukuthi kungani umbono yokudala ukusebenza phezu exotic Russia ngesikhathi lwendaba. Kungenxa ezithile ayaziwa, ngakho izingxabano phakathi mlando yamabhayisikobho kwenziwe kuze kube manje.

Umqondo yokudala "La Bayadere" kungokwalabo Umhleli womdanso avelele Russian qembu imperial - uMarius Petipa. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, wanquma ukubeka Russia a show bedle fraztsuzskom ballet "Shakuntala", ungumdali okwakukhona nomfowabo omdala Lucien. Umbhali umculo nesitatimende French Ernest Reyer, umbhali wencwadi Libretto, ogxile lasendulo Indian idrama Kalidasty - Teofil gote. I sibonelo umlingiswa oyinhloko baba Amani - umdansi, prima troupes Indian, ngahambisa izincwajana kuso sonke Yurophu abakhuluma wazibulala. Gauthier wanquma nesigaba a ballet e enkumbulweni yakhe.

Kodwa ubufakazi ukuthi ngempela akulona. Ngakho-ke, umuntu angekhe atjho ukuthi kwaba ngaphansi kwethonya 'Shakuntala esithi "ukuzalwa" La Bayadere "(ballet). Okuqukethwe ke wehlukile indaba kulungiselelwa waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha. Ngaphandle ballet Petipa Jr. kwaba nesigcawu Russian iminyaka engu-20 kuphela ngemva ukusebenza e-Paris. Kukhona enye inguqulo ye nesenzakalo e Mariusa Petipa umqondo "La Bayadere" - imfashini empumalanga (Indian ikakhulukazi) isiko.

Umbhali umculo waba Austrian Lokudabuka Czech, owakhonza uMbusi waseRussia, umqambi, violin futhi umqhubi - Ludwig Minkus. "La Bayadere" kwaba omunye imisebenzi yakhe edume kunazo zonke.

isisekelo etemibhalo

Umthuthukisi we Libretto we-ballet uqobo kwaba uMarius Petipa, kanye wemidlalo S. N. Hudekovym. Ngokwezazi-mlando, isisekelo kwezincwadi "La Bayadere" bakhonza okufanayo Indian idrama Kalidasty njengoba ekukhiqizeni "Shakuntala", kodwa indaba yalezi ballets emibili engafani nhlobo. Ochwepheshe bezifo e ngemdlalo Libretto kuhlanganisiwe ngaphezulu Goethe bezingoma "Nkulunkulu kanye Bayadere" ballet okukuwo kwadalwa eFrance, lapho indima esemqoka ukuthi dancing uMariya Taloni.

ballet izinhlamvu

Protagonists: Bayadere Nikia neqhawe abadumile Solor, kwaphahlazeka love story ositshela umdanso we-ballet. Izithombe izinhlamvu emaphakathi okwethulwa kulesi sihloko.

Dugmanta - Raja Golkonda, Gamzatti`s - indodakazi Raja, I Brahmin Omkhulu, Magdavaya - fakir Taloragva - iqhawe, Aya - isigqila, gxuma. Futhi amasosha, Bayadere, fakirs, abantu, abazingeli, abaculi, izinceku ...

Esiqintini ballet

A ukusebenza 4 izenzo, kodwa ngamunye wabo inkundla yayo siqu "La Bayadere" (ballet). Okuqukethwe kugcinwe khona, leli qiniso eliyisisekelo uhlala ingashintshiwe, it is esekelwe Libretto esifanayo, umculo ofanayo kanye plastic izixazululo efanayo, kodwa Inombolo yezenzo yeshashalazi ezahlukene ingase ibe khona ehlukile. Ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi Mikhailovsky Theatre (Petersburg) ku-ballet izinyathelo ezintathu esikhundleni ezine. Iminyaka, amaphuzu 4 senzo kubhekwe elahlekile, kanye ballet wafakwa izenzo 3. Kodwa ngezinye izimali Mariinsky Theatre namanje watholakala, futhi inguqulo yasekuqaleni ibuyiselwe, kodwa hhayi wonke amatiyetha Ushintshele kule nguqulo.

Ezikhathini zasendulo e-India lapho kwenzeka izenzakalo ezihilela play "La Bayadere" (ballet). Okuqukethwe Isenzo sokuqala: iqhawe Solor ebusuku ufika ethempelini ukuhlangana Nikiey, futhi umema wakhe ukuba babaleke naye. The High Brahmin, wakwenqaba, efakaza ukuvakashelwa futhi enquma izoziphindiselela intombazane.

Eyesibili isenzo. Raja akafikelanga amaJuda kuphela ukunikeza indodakazi yakhe Gamzatti`s ngoba elinesibindi Solor, ozama ukuyeka udumo, kodwa Raja uqoka usuku lomshado. I Brahmin High ekutshela Raj ukuthi iqhawe wahlangana ethempelini nge Nikiey. Yena enquma ukubulala dancer, kokuba ethulwa kubhasikidi wakhe izimbali nge inyoka enesihlungu ngaphakathi. Le ngxoxo ezwa Gamzatti`s. Unquma ukuzama ukuyeka ukubhuqa ukuqeda izimbangi futhi inikeza wonke umcebo walo, uma enqaba ukuya Solor. Nikia washaqeka ngokuthi lover wakhe uzoshada, kodwa awukwazi ukuyeka, futhi lapho uthukuthele odlula ukuze indodakazi Rajah nge angababulali. inceku ethembekile Gamzatti`s uphatha ukulondoloza senkosikazi yayo. Ngakusasa lapho le nqaba Rajah iqala migubho ngesikhathi umshado nendodakazi yakhe, Nikia ngaphambilini ukudansa yezivakashi. Ngemva komunye wakhe ukudansa isandla sakhe ubhasikidi izimbali, kusuka lapho inyoka inyonyoba phandle eluma wakhe. Nikia ufa eneminyaka Solor esandleni. Iphela kanjalo iminyaka ingxenye play "La Bayadere" (ballet) yesibili.

Okuqukethwe izenzo sesithathu nesesine. ' Solor uyalila Nikia. Phakathi nalo mkhosi lomshado, wabona isithunzi emoyeni intandokazi, alunguza ngaso kuye basazikhumbula. I Brahmin High kokuqeda emcimbini wedding, okwathi ngemva kwalokho kwaba khona ukuzamazama komhlaba okwesabekayo, futhi onkulunkulu uthukuthele ithempeli. Soul Solor futhi Nikia kukhona exhunyiwe ukuba njalo ndawonye.

umqambi

Umbhali umculo ngokuba ballet "La Bayadere", njengoba sekushiwo lapha ngenhla, - umqambi Minkus Lyudvig. Wazalwa ngo-March 23, 1826 e Vienna. Igama lakhe eliphelele - Aloiziy Lyudvig Minkus. Njengoba omunye umfanyana oneminyaka emine ubudala, waqala ukutadisha umculo - ngafunda ukudlala i-violin ngineminyaka engu-8 lapho abokuqala befika endaweni yesehlakalo, futhi abagxeki abaningi baye baqaphela prodigy kwakhe.

Eminyakeni engu-20, L. Minkus wazama isandla sakhe wokuba umbhidisi nomqambi wezingoma. Ngo 1852 wamenywa ukuba Vienna Royal Opera isikhundla sokuba violin wokuqala, futhi ngemva konyaka wathola isikhundla Kapellmeister kwe-orchestra kuleli Castle Theatre Prince Yusupov. Kusukela 1856 kuya '61 L. Minkus wakhonza njengephayona violin kuqala YaseMoscow Imperial Bolshoi Theatre, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zaqala ukuhlanganisa kulesi sikhundla nge isikhundla umqhubi. Ngemva kuvulwa eMoscow Conservatory, umqambi wamenywa ukufundisa violin. L. Minkus wabhala isibalo esikhulu sezithunjwa ballets. Eyokuqala wabo, wadala ngo-1857 - "Peleus futhi Thetis Union" ngokuba Yusupov yaseshashalazini. Ngo-1869, omunye ballets edume kunazo zonke, kwalotshwa - "Don Quixote". Bekanye uMarius Petipa sidalwe 16 ballets. Zokugcina ezingu-27 iminyaka yokuphila kwakhe umqambi ayehlala ezweni - e-Austria. Ballet Minkus namanje kufakwe repertoire of wonke amatiyetha ezinkulu zomhlaba.

Premiere

ballet "La Bayadere" yethulwa okokuqala emphakathini Petersburg Januwari 23, 1877. Theater, lapho kwesizini (Grand Theatre, noma njengoba ibizwa, Stone), wawakhiwe khona lapho, okuyinto manje Petersburg Conservatory. Party protagonist Nikia wenziwa Ekaterina Vazem, futhi indima yakhe lover kukhanye umdansi Lev Ivanov.

izinguqulo ezihlukene

Ngo-1900, lapho ukuhlelwa Petipa zesiteji yakhe. Yena wahamba inguqulo ebuyekeziwe Mariinsky Theatre, futhi wasina Nikia M. Kshesinskaya. Ngo-1904, i-ballet washukumiseleka ukuba isigaba sayo yonke le Bolshoi Theatre. Ngo-1941, i-ballet ihlelwe Chebukiani V kanye V Ponomarev. Ngo-2002, uSergei Viharovym kabusha Uhlele le-ballet. Izithombe ezisuka ukunikezelwa kwama-Mariinsky Theatre eziqukethwe sihloko.