La Boheme - Iyini? Okwakushiwo nomlando umsuka wenkulumo.

Yini izinhlangano onazo ngegama elithi "bohemian"? Yindlela wokuphila kanye nesitayela, igama opera noma leli gama ungakwazi uqoke iqembu elithile labantu? Ukuze uqonde kangcono okushiwo leli zwi, kubalulekile ukuba uqale nge cwilisa kancane emlandweni ...

Okokuqala kwaba "lwamaGypsy"

Okokuqala, njengenjwayelo, kwaba izwi futhi ulizwi wayengumuntu - "lwamaGypsy". Kuzwakala ukuthi ukuhumusha kusuka izwi French "Boheme". Konke lokhu kwaqala yokuthi Paris ekuqaleni kwekhulu xv we edolobheni Austro-Hungarian yaseBohemia efika French kuze kube manje kunanini ngaphambili, isizwe khulula futhi ezijabulisa kunazo zonke amaGypsy. Njengoba Roma wahlala endulo?

Lawa kwakungamadodana izizwe ayimizulane zabantu, hhayi yizinga evamile izakhamuzi European nezinhlaka zinjalo izimiso zomphakathi kanye nemithetho. Ngesikhathi ukuziphatha ke waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha namasiko izakhamuzi ezintsha wenze okuvelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaRom aye abanalo ikhono ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ubuciko: wahlabelela kahle, idansa yabonisa namasu ehlukene. Ngokuvamile, akunakwenzeka ukuba miss wayenabo.

BaseParis ngokuthi eccentrics bohemia, endaweni isihloko, kusukela bafika lapho, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi le ncazelo ziqine esifakwe izilimi zezizwe ezihlukahlukene, zimise abantu free, zokuzulazula. Kodwa bohemian yesimanje - lokhu akulona imizulane. Asho ukuthini leli gama elithi manje?

Kokuqamba Anri Myurzhe

Bese zinto ngale ndlela: ngo 1851 e-France weza ezweni kwezincwadi Anri Myurzhe ngokuthi "Scenes kusukela Life yaseBohemia." Futhi abadlali kule ncwadi kwakungafanele Roma, futhi intsha nabakhileyo abampofu Quarter Latin: abaculi, abadlali kanye izimbongi.

Lokhu abantu yokudala abasha njengoba hhayi ahlelwe ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, njengendawo besizwe amaGypsy, bathatha isikhundla obuhlukile futhi ezondlekile ukuphila bakudala ka onxiwankulu French. Ngakolunye uhlangothi - bayingxenye yabantu abasebenzako, kodwa ngakolunye - namanje ayikwazi elise yokungezwani njalo umphakathi alo muntu ocebile.

Ngemva kwalokho, esekelwe emibhalweni Anri Myurzhe Dzhakomo Puchchini wabhala opera "La Boheme", unqobile udumo omkhulu emhlabeni wonke. Kamuva umqambi Imre Kálmán, besekela indaba "Izithombe zamaBohemia Life", sakhishwa ngo Awe-Operetta ukukhanya "Violet ka Montmartre". Kusukela manje, igama elithi "bohemian" kwashintsha ngokuphelele.

Incazelo wanamuhla amazwi

Kodwa uma sikhuluma ngencazelo yalesi izwi ezinsukwini zethu, bohemian - lokhu akulona ukuqokwa abanamakhono kodwa abampofu kunanzelelwe abaculi izihlubuki. Namuhla, leli gama bavame ukusebenzisa uma kuziwa edume kunazo, abacebile, ngesikhathi esifanayo, abameleli ezihlukahlukene izitayela yobuciko wesimanje okungavamile.

Kuyinto, kunalokho, uhlobo elite emphakathini wethu, abaklami abadumile kwezemfashini, abahlabeleli, ifilimu abalingisi, abaqondisi, ababhali bemidlalo abadwebi, abalobi kanye izimbongi. indlela yabo yokuphila bohemian kudala eziningi inhlebo futhi ukhonza njengesisebenzi replenishment njalo ezincwadini ethandwa kakhulu futhi ihlazo omagazini ecwebezelayo.

bohemia Russian

Futhi manje ngingathanda ukukhuluma mayelana welithi "bohemia Russian". Le nkulumo ayibhekiseli nalabo abamele nezazi okudala Russian Isiliva Age. Isifiso sabo ngoba inkululeko kwezobuciko kwaba kuzalwa inguquko ezizayo. Nazi amagama ambalwa abanye abameleli bhá we bohemian saseRussia uSergei Yesenin, Anna Akhmatova, Marina Tsvetaeva, Maximilian Voloshin, Valentin Serov, uKonstantin Korovin, Valeriy Bryusov, Vera hlebnikova, njll ...

Eminyakeni zangaphambi wamavukelambuso, kwaba namanje abantu esemancane efuna ukwakha ezihlukahlukene Izinyunyana zokudala. Bebafuna amafomu amasha yokukhuluma kanye piously babekholelwa ukuthi inguquko kuzodala entsha, indoda khulula. Ngemva kwalokho, wonke kwadingeka zidlule ukudumala okukhulu, njengoba zalabo babe ongenangqondo.