Le ncwadi ukuphathwa (isampuli)

Le ncwadi ukuphathwa - idokhumenti okuyinto iyingxenye ebalulekile yokuxhumana kwezamabhizinisi. Ivame ukutholakala ngocansi ngeposi futhi ukhonza exchange kolwazi ngendlela ekhethekile.

imiqondo eyisisekelo

Ibhizinisi ukuxhumana okudingekayo ukubhekana nezindaba ezihlukahlukene zomnotho noma ukukhiqizwa. Ngosizo lwawo amabhizinisi kanye nezinhlangano ukuxhumana imvelo bangaphandle: ophathina, amakhasimende noma eminyangweni kahulumeni. Ngokuvamile ukusetshenziselwa lokhu evela kubaphathi.

Kuvamise ukubizwa ngokuthi idokhumende ebhaliwe, okungaba:

• Ukuphendula imiyalezo wathola ngaphambilini noma izicelo;
• iphepha elikulesi sihloko guided wathumela kanye nezinye izinsimbi zomculo noma izinto;
• incwadi isinyathelo esimweni lapho enye imodi yokuxhumana akunakwenzeka.

Ngayinye yalezi ongakhetha has izici zayo siqu. Noma kunjalo, ikhona imithetho ezivamile, owawuthi Ivame ukwenziwa iyiphi incwadi esemthethweni. Lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba izincwadi zebhizinisi, isibonelo, ngokuvamile iqala isiphelo sesimiso iningi ukuthengiselana. Idokodo eyakheke kahle angakha ku uya khona umbono omuhle abalingani esizayo.

Izinhlobo izincwadi zebhizinisi

Kuye ulwazi oqukethe incwadi esemthethweni, kungaba:

1. Ukumboza. Endabeni equkethe umyalezo wokuthi kuye kukhona suite kwezicelo.
2. Izimangalo. Okungukuthi, siveza ukunganeliseki ngesimo esithile (isimangalo).
3. Isiqondiso. izinkomba ezithile banikwa embhalweni.
4. Isiqinisekiso. Umthumeli kuqinisekisa ukugcwaliseka izibopho esizayo ebekwe idokhumenti.
5. Imininingwane. Le ncwadi iqukethe imininingwane engase abe nesithakazelo kuwo umamukeli.
6. Ukukhangisa. Imininingwane inikezwa ukuheha ekubambisaneni.
7. Incwadi ka-isaziso. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa mayelana nemicimbi yomphakathi.
8. Incwadi ka isiqinisekiso. Lo mbhalo uthi yokuthi yokuthola labo noma ezinye izincwadi ezisemthethweni noma izinto.
9. Incwadi yesicelo. Umbhalo uqukethe isikhalo isisusa lomamukeli esenzweni.
10. Incwadi umyalezo. Linikeza umthumeli ulwazi oluthile-thakazelo kukho nobabili amaqembu.

Injongo yale mibhalo iyona umxhumanisi phakathi izinhlangano noma iminyango.

Ukuhlanganiswa incwadi isimangalo

Ezindabeni nokubambisana ngezinye izikhathi kunezimo lapho omunye amaqembu, ngoba noma ngabe yisiphi isizathu, akagcwalisi izibopho zayo. Kulokhu, umlingani wokuqala uthumela incwadi umlingani wakhe. Kuyo, ngokuvamile inikeza iziphakamiso zayo zokuqeda ukwephulwa kwamalungelo akhe angokomthetho. Lona incwadi esemthethweni. Isampula leli phepha ukuze bangabhekani, ungakha ezinqumela. Kulokhu, la maphuzu alandelayo kufanele kubhekwe:

1. Isitayela yekubhala kufanele ibe ibhizinisi esemthethweni nge ukufakwa ngokubambisana.
2. Ingqikithi yalo simangalo kufanele kuboniswe ngokucacile kakhulu.
3. Phakathi isethulo kolwazi edingekayo ukuze usebenze amaqiniso ngendlela ekholisayo ukhonkolo.

Encwadini isikhalazo kufanele iqukathe:

• imininingwane yomthumeli (igama, ukubuya ikheli nezinombolo zocingo);
• ulwazi oluphelele mayelana lapho uya khona;
• incazelo izimo lapho kwakukhona isimo ukungqubuzana;
• ireferensi kwezinkambiso zomthetho, nakho waphula counterparty;
• nezimfuneko ezithile ukuze kuqedwe ukuhlukumeza, ekhombisa isikhathi ekusetshenzisweni kwazo;
• imiphumela engase ivele uma yeqembu eliphikisayo isuke esahlulelweni.

Ngokukhethekile kufanele ikhokhwe kanjani isevisi yakhiwa incwadi. Isampula kumele ithuthukiswe ngakho ukuthi lowo okonile akazange bayibheka njengelungelo usongo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lesi isikhumbuzo nje afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye ukuhambisana nomthetho.

imithetho design

Ngokukhethekile kufanele ikhokhwe emklamweni izinhlamvu ukuphathwa. Nokho, umthetho engabondli abakubo ukuthi iyiphi imithetho eqinile kanye nezimiso zomthetho.

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, amaphuzu alandelayo kufanele kubhekwe angangabazeki nokulungisa amaphepha anjalo:

1. Noma yimuphi incwadi esemthethweni kufanele kubhalwe kwifomu. It is isakhiwa ngochwepheshe kusengaphambili ku ehhovisi futhi sivunywe oda umqondisi.

2. Lo mbhalo kumele aqukethe imininingwane ethile:

2.1. Ulwazi mayelana umemukeli bese umthumeli.

2.2. Inombolo yereferensi nosuku le ncwadi. Kuyadingeka ukubhaliswa.

2.3. Xhumanisa ulwazi efanayo mayelana incwadi yesicelo, uma idokhumenti iyimpendulo ke.

2.4. Isihloko.

2.5. Ulwazi mayelana ukuba khona noma yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza nge amagama abo kanye nezinombolo.

2.6. Ulwazi mayelana umuntu ngemvume idokhumenti (isikhundla negama).

3. Encwadini ukuba lifundwe umbuzo owodwa kuphela. Ukuba amaningi izinkinga kukhethwa mculi.

4. Ulwazi kumele kubekwe kafushane kakhulu, kodwa kuyacaca. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi umbhalo uthatha kusaba amakhasi amabili kuka.

5. Ilungelo ucacise imininingwane umzuzi. Uma sikhuluma inhlangano, kufanele ukuba ubambelele ukulandelana elandelayo:

5.1. Igama lenkampani (esimweni nominative).

5.2. Iyunithi kwesakhiwo (uma kunesidingo).

5.3. Isikhundla uya khona (e umenziwa ongaqondene ngqo nomlandi).

5.4. zokuqala yakhe.

5.5. Ikheli lokuposa lenkampani.

6. Uma abamukeli amaningi, kuzomele uqale ucacise enkulu, bese wonke umuntu.

Ikhumbula zonke lezi zici, ukuklanywa izincwadi zokuphatha, isimiso, ngeke kube nzima.

I-oda zokubukwa

Ukuze idokhumenti seyihlanganisiwe kahle, kumele inake oda ezithile isethulo kolwazi kuwo. Ngokwesibonelo, singacabangela ukukhetha indlela ukubhala incwadi esemthethweni yempendulo. Okokuqala kudingeka sikhumbule ukuthi, ngokuvumelana nemithetho yokuziphatha, kubalulekile ukuba aphendule ulwazi zingakapheli izinsuku irisidi yayo. Uma sikhuluma umyalezo we-imeyili, i-ngesikhathi esincane akuyona amahora angaphezu kwamabili. Esimweni lapho kuhlonipha imitsetfo okunjalo akunakwenzeka, kungcono ukuthumela umlayezo uzakwethu.

Le ncwadi ngokwaso empeleni, ngeke libe izingxenye ezimbili:

1. Isingeniso. Umthumeli iqalisa isihloko, imbangela kanye isisekelo khona ukuloba kwakhe. Ungakwazi ubheke iziqondiso, okuyinto umthetho asisekelo enikeza impendulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele sinake ezinye amaphuzu ngokuphathelene nalesi simo. Bazokusiza ukumambula okushiwo umbuzo.
2. Ukufingqa. Le ngxenye sihlose echaza futhi ikholisa. Itheksthi kumele ibe emfushane, ucace futhi ube mfushane futhi ukuthi isimo sasiyini ngempela - neshaya umgomo. Uma kudingeka, kungaqinisekiswa ngokuthola izibalo zangempela.

Ngemva umbhalo onjalo ngokuvamile kulandelwa ohlwini lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Iphela idokhumenti esisayinwe umthumeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukubhala incwadi esemthethweni, ukuze ungabacasuli umamukeli. Okokuqala, ukubhekisela kuyinto efiselekayo ziqala ngamazwi athi "Sawubona." Okwesibili, ungakwazi ukusebenzisa imishwana umbhalo esithi ngamazwi like "kokucubungula ngokucophelela isiphakamiso sakho," noma "ukuba kahle ukuhlola imibono yakho." ukunamathela okunjalo ukuba nenhlonipho ngeke nje kuphela kukuzuzise zombili.

isinyathelo Inqubo

Kwenta tinhlaka izincwadi ezisemthethweni kungumsebenzi onobhala, onobhala noma ezinye izisebenzi lababelwe tinkhulumo lezi imisebenzi. Kokwamukelwa ngomsebenzi kufanele banamathele izenzo zabo ngokulandelana. Inqubo leli phepha ukuze bangabhekani ngokuvamile sidlula izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuhlolisisa izimo lolu daba. Kufanele ukulawula ngokuphelele isimo ukuze kuhlolwe izixazululo yayo kungenzeka.
2. Ukudweba up incwadi okusalungiswa. Kuyadingeka ukuba ikhumbule zonke izidingo ezibekwe ngenhla.
3. Nokuvumelana umbhalo lelungiselelwe. Ngesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuhlela ukukhanya amazwana ekhanda. Wenza ezinye ukucaciswa nobe tinchazelo ngale ndaba.
4. Ukugunyazwa kumphathi wakhe.
5. Ukuphothulwa futhi basayine idokhumenti.
6. izinhlamvu Ukubhaliswa.
7. Ithumela imeyili kumamukeli.

Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye ayedabula zonke lezi izigaba uhlamvu, safinyelela umamukeli, uzokwazi ukufeza umgomo wayo.

iziqondiso saziso

Ukuze wenze incwadi esemthethweni, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ekhasini lokuqala ngempela libhalwe ifomu ekhethekile. Kukho konke, ungasebenzisa ahlanzekile njalo amaphepha A4. Lapha-ke kumelwe kukhunjulwe ukuthi kakhulu emkhakheni umbhalo ilinganiselwe: yasenhla nemithombo yasenzansi 2 cm, kwesokunxele - 3,5 cm, kwesokudla - 1 cm. Akubalulekile ukuba aphule ngosayizi ojwayelekile silingane ulwazi ekhasini elilodwa. Kungcono ukugcina konke imithetho futhi vele ungeze ikhasi ezengeziwe.

Thayipha umbhalo kumelwe futhi ngokuvumelana nemithetho:

1. Ukuze ukuphrinta, sebenzisa ifonti ejwayelekile Times New Roman. Ezinye izinketho kangcono hhayi ukusebenzisa.

2. Ifonti osayizi futhi ezilungisiwe:

• ngoba umbhalo omkhulu - 14;
• Amakhasi nokuqondanisa kanye uphawu ukusebenza - 12.

3. Ukubekwa imininingwane futhi kwenziwe ngokulandela imithetho:

• Isikhala phakathi imigqa - 1;
• umbhalo ukuqondanisa senziwa "ububanzi";
• zokudluliswa ibekwe ngokuzenzakalelayo;
• ibanga ukusuka unhlokweni kuya Inombolo yomkhiqizo 2 ukuhlukanisa imigqa, futhi kuwo umbhalo omkhulu - 3.

Ukuhambisana lezi zilinganiso kuphoqelekile ukubulawa efanele izinhlamvu elihambisana nalapho kuyiwa khona.

imininingwane yendawo

Ukuze bahlelekela incwadi ibhizinisi ejwayelekile, kudingeka wazi kahle lapho kufanele ibekwe, imininingwane yayo kanye izingxenye. Izimpendulo zale mibuzo iqukethe R GOST 6.30-2003. It ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe ngendlela izincwadi ezisemthethweni. Eqinisweni, isampula lapho isiqalo nesigcino yonke imininingwane idokhumenti itholakala ngendlela ethile. It kuyadingeka ukuze:

1. Ukuze ahlanganise inqubo ihhovisi lokubhalisa self (ibhizinisi) izincwadi.
2. Yiba zikwazile ukuthuthukisa liphakathi ukulungiselela izinhlobo ejwayelekile, ngokunciphisa isidingo ukwenza umsebenzi ngesandla.
3. Lula futhi ukunciphisa isikhathi esizibonayo ukubuyisa.
4. Nweba processing amakhono izinhlamvu ngosizo amakhompyutha nezinye izinto.

Ngakho-ke, incwadi yebhizinisi ezivamile isebenzisa 30 imininingwane ejwayelekile, okuyinto zitholakala ezindaweni nanye ayimpoqo:

• logo futhi isibonakaliso;
• umbhali;
• idatha kokuqala;
• unhlokweni
• ukuvunyelwa;
• nola;
• isinqumo;
• umbhalo;
• izisayindo izicelo;
• ukubambisana kanye isiqinisekiso;
• izimpawu.

Imininingwane Ufaka emikhakheni ethile kuvumela ochwepheshe ukuze indlela kangcono idokhumenti, kanye nabasebenzisi abavamile kusiza inqubo ekuwulungiseleleni.

izidingo eziyisisekelo

Abanye abaholi ngephutha sikholelwe ukuthi ibhizinisi ukuxhumana kungaba kwenziwe ezinqumela ngaphandle ezilandelayo iyiphi imithetho kanye nemithethonqubo. Kodwa ochwepheshe abanomsebenzi ke, kumelwe wazi izidingo eziyisisekelo wenhlamvu esemthethweni:

1. Ukuba khona (webhizinisi) ifomu ekhethekile.
2. Ukuzisebenzisa kahle nemininingwane ukubekwa.
3. Itheksthi kumele ibe efundekayo futhi ukuhlelwa kahle. Ukuchaza lokho okushiwo yinkulumo umbuzo kungcono makudle iziphakamiso elula ezivamile. Kuyadingeka ukhulume kafushane ukuze igama ngalinye siphethe esiphezulu kolwazi.
4. Kuye ngohlobo, idokhumenti kufanele ikhishwe ngendlela efanele. Le ncwadi kungase futhi aqukethe izici eziningana. Kulokhu, esichasiselweni kuyadingeka ukuzama ukuhlanganisa kubo.
5. Ukuzisebenzisa kahle namazinga abekwe for ukuthayipha.
6. Zama ukuthola okuqukethwe incwadi kwakungelona izinkulumo categorical. Umamukeli ongalichaza ibinzana njengosongo olukhulu. Uma kuhlelelwa iziphakamiso zisebenzisa kangcono Amazwi okuvula ezifana "ngokusobala", "njengoba wazi", "kungenzeka" futhi "indlela".

Lezi zimfuneko practice lisiza ekulondolozeni ukuphathwa dokhumenti ibhizinisi.