Lev Ponomaryov: Biography, imisebenzi zezombangazwe nezenhlalo

Bodumo isishoshovu samalungelo abantu Lev Ponomarev, ilungu lomkhandlu zezombusazwe zalo "ISolidarity". Esikhathini esidlule wayengumuntu oyiphini Russian State Duma we umhlangano wokuqala. Sezombangazwe has a zobudokotela ezifundweni ngokomzimba-zezibalo.

eminyakeni yokuqala

Lev Ponomarev wazalwa ngo saseTomsk ngo-1941. Tadisha intsha inyuvesi waya enhlokodolobha. E-Moscow, wathola i-diploma ye-Moscow Physical-Technical Institute futhi waphothula izifundo zakhe e-postgraduate endaweni efanayo. Ngaphambi kokuba abe sobala owaziwa, Ponomariov kule minyaka yokujama tsi Soviet isikhathi eside ensimini ngokwesayensi. Ikakhulukazi, wayeyilungu Institute of theory kanye kokulinganisa Physics.

Esikhathini uBrezhnev inkathi Lev Ponomaryov bajoyine ukunyakaza ophikisana nenqubo kahulumeni. Wayesebenza ne eMoscow Helsinki Group, ngokusiza amalungu ayo nosihlalo lokuqala Yuri Orlov. Ngo-1988, Lev Ponomarev, wayengomunye wabasunguli be-"Nesikhumbuzo". Lokhu nhlangano yaphoqeleka eyayihlelelwe perpetuation inkumbulo izisulu yokucindezelwa Soviet (ikakhulukazi esikhathini Stalin).

Ekupheleni sokubusa kwamaSoviet

Ngasekupheleni '80s kuya Ponomarev weza ukuvelela. Ngo-1989, eneminyaka engu- umphathiswa Andreya Saharova okhethweni lokuqala lwentando yeningi of amaphini Yabantu zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Ngalesi sikhathi, kulo lonke izwe kwakukhona ukunyakaza entsha futhi amaqembu. Angikwazanga angasondeli le nqubo futhi Lev Ponomarev. A isishoshovu samalungelo abantu ngo-1990, ungomunye abasunguli eziningana "Democratic Russia". Kwaba iqembu lezombusazwe ukuthi ihlanganisa zonke ukuphikiswa ephathini CPSU kuleli zwe. Isinyathelo esibalulekile "Democratic Russia" okwakubaluleke ngokufanayo ukusekelwa Borisa Eltsina ngesikhathi ngesikhathi eqala wagijima kwesobumengameli.

Khona-ke, ngo-1990, sekudlule isikhathi esizako samakhetho ka zamaphini Supreme Soviet. Ngenxa yedumela yayo iye igunyazwe futhi Ponomarev Lev Aleksandrovich. I isishoshovu samalungelo abantu kwaba umqalisi kokudaliweyo ikhomishana ePhalamende liphenya imisebenzi i-KGB futhi lokuketula uhulumeni izinsuku Icebo lika August.

Phakathi nezingxoxo likamongameli futhi ephalamende sezombusazwe izikhathi eziningana ihlelwe umhlangano namalungu Yeltsin yeningi. Inhloko isimo Qiniseka ukuthi ngeke ukuhlakaza kwamaphini, abaye igxilile ngokwabo e-White House. Ukudlula kwesikhathi kuye kwabonisa ukuthi izenzakalo zazihlukile.

State Duma iphini

Kwake kwathi ngo-Russian State Duma ngo-1994, Ponomariov abe ngumholi ephathini "Democratic Russia" (igama kuyafana ukuthi izinqubomgomo ukunyakaza kuqala, kodwa lawa izinhlangano ezahlukene). Uzakwabo main futhi sizana isishoshovu samalungelo abantu endaweni entsha baba Galina Starovoitova. Ekuqaleni bona uvimbele ku Duma asekelwe umongameli, kodwa ngemva kokufaka amabutho kahulumeni e Chechnya amasekela aziqhelelanisa Yeltsin nakuhulumeni wakhe.

Ponomarev futhi omula kuqala dalo we inombolo ye izinhlangano ezilwela amalungelo esintu, kuhlanganise "Ukuze Human Rights". It wathola izikhalazo zomphakathi ezivela ezweni lonke. Abantu abadinga usizo ungabiza hotline, lolo ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa kwaba eseyintsha. Imisebenzi enjengale ayagcinwa futhi lakhiwa Lev Ponomarev. "Ukuze Human Rights" - inhlangano owenzé kakhulu cula izenzakalo Chechnya.

Ukumelwa

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi ngo eCaucasus MP wamelana entry kwezinhloko zamaviyo sikahulumeni. Lapho umkhankaso wesibili, Ponomarev uye wahlela izingqungquthela eziningana zamazwe ngamazwe ku ukwephula umthetho ezonini ukulwa. Ngemva Inqubomgomo igunya ngo-1996 ePhalamende yisikhathi, eqala ukuba nesikhathi esengeziwe imihlangano imibuthano kanye nezinye izenzakalo zomphakathi okuhloswe ngazo uwukubonakaliswa ukungavumelani inqubomgomo iziphathimandla.

"Ngo-ukuvikela amalungelo eziboshwa" Isikhwama yasungulwa ngo 2006. Omunye abasunguli balo kwaba Lev Aleksandrovich Ponomarev. Biography of lokhu isibalo somphakathi isibonelo ngendoda umi ngemuva inhlangano yemisebenzi eminingi nokunyakaza.

Ukungqubuzana ne FSIN

Ukumelwa Ponomariov ngokumelene iziboshwa ngokuphindiwe zaholela ezingxabanweni ne-Federal Penitentiary Izikhungo. Ngo-2007, umqondisi Federal Penitentiary Izikhungo Yuri Kalinin wabophisa inqubomgomo (suit ukuvikelwa udumo kanye nesithunzi). Lesi sikhulu sathi ukuthi umphakathi ukhuluma Ponomarev mayelana isimo emajele eRussia, zingamanga. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, amaqembu alwela amalungelo abantu bathi angaphezu kuka Kalinin ihhovisi siqu.

Presnensky eNkantolo yesiFunda eMoscow kubhekwe kunjalo futhi yayala Ponomarev ukuphikisa amazwi akhe ukuthi umqondisi FSIN esidlangalaleni - "umbhali kohlelo", okuyinto libuhlungu abantu. I isishoshovu samalungelo abantu usevumile ukuthi ulimi lwakhe ayinembile. Noma kunjalo, umsebenzi ka-sisekelo wakhe uyaqhubeka. Uyaqhubeka ukuthola ulwazi ukwephulwa kwamalungelo zeziboshwa.

okwamanje,

Ngo-2006, Ponomarev waboshwa izinsuku ezintathu ngenxa lekushuca yayo olulodwa kukhunjulwa izisulu Ukuhlasela kwamaphekula yaseBeslan. Nakuba izinhlangano eziningana zakwamanye amazwe ziye zaba bamazi eyisiboshwa kanembeza. Ngemva kweminyaka emibili, waba umsunguli "ISolidarity" - ukunyakaza ukuphikiswa, elimalungu alo bekwi kokuqhuba imibuthano kanye nezinye izenzo civil emphakathini. Phakathi izenzakalo eziningana ezifana Ponomarev Kuboshwe izinsuku ezintathu wokungamlaleli amaphoyisa.

Ngo-2009 Ponomarev esiseduze nomuzi wakhe uhlaselwe engaziwa. On leli qiniso zobulelesi yayimiswe. On yokuthi lesi senzakalo ihlobene imisebenzi yakhe professional, wagomela Lev Ponomarev. Igama yangempela abashonile ayizange eyakuthola.

I isishoshovu samalungelo abantu ushadile futhi unezingane ezine. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, umsebenzi wakhe oyinhloko, uphila imidwebo. Okwamanje uyaqhubeka amalungelo amaphrojekthi womuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Ponomarev ingenye "Nesikhumbuzo" izibalo ezisemqoka zomphakathi.