Likuphi "I ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina" kaLeonardo da Vinci - the Umfanekiso abadumile

Uma zamani ukukhumbula obukhulu kuzo ukupenda, okuyinto yakopishwa izikhathi ezingenakubalwa, ngomunye wabokuqala kulolu chungechunge yilona Umfanekiso "I ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina" kaLeonardo da Vinci. Ngibhale iminyaka emibili, kusukela 1495 kuya 1497, emuva lé ngawo Yempucuko, ithole "izindlalifa" ngu-20 kulesi sihloko esifanayo, eyabhalwa amakhosi ibhulashi iSpanishi, eFrance naseJalimane.

Mangisho ukuthi kuze kube Leonardo ezinye Florentine abaculi baye basebenzisa le ndaba emsebenzini wakhe. Ngeshwa, owayephila bemisebenzi yobuciko ayaziwa kuze umsebenzi Giotto futhi Ghirlandaio.

ULeonardo da Vinci eMilan

abathandi Art, futhi ikakhulukazi uLeonardo da Vinci, sekuyisikhathi eside indawo nemidwebo abadumile emhlabeni. Kodwa abalandeli abaningi namanje uzibuze mayelana ukuphi "I ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina" kaLeonardo da Vinci. Impendulo yalo kuyosenza Milan.

inkathi yokudala, eyaqala umsebenzi e Milan, njengoba kunjalo nangazo zonke ekuphileni umdwebi sika, oyimfihlakalo futhi shí legends amakhulu eminyaka.

Leonardo da Vinci, eyaziwa ngokuthi fan nezimfumbe, puzzle, futhi Ciphers imfihlo, uyasala lenqwaba puzzle, eminye yayo esekhona namanje ungazange wanqotshwa ekwambulweni ososayensi emhlabeni wonke. Kungase kubonakale sengathi ukuphila futhi umsebenzi umculi - imfihlakalo okuqinile.

Leonardo futhi Ludovico Sforza

Ukuvela Leonardo eMilan kuhlobene ngokuqondile igama Ludovico Maria wakwaSforza, wethiwa Moro. umbusi Imperious futhi abanamakhono ezindaweni eziningi umholi Duke Moro e 1484 wabhala ngoba isevisi egcwele ayesevele aziwa ngesikhathi uLeonardo da Vinci. Okupendiweyo ubunjiniyela ithalente umdwebi yabakhanga Inqubomgomo wemibono. Wahlela ukusebenzisa Leonardo esencane ibe unjiniyela wokubacindezela, umklami zezakhiwo civil nomklami ubuchwepheshe ngezinjongo ezempi. Akabange okungalungile. unjiniyela Young asiyeki kusimangaze Moreau ngezenzo zabo. Ngesikhathi inkantolo iNkosana yayenziwa ngalezo zinguquko lobuchwepheshe njengoba onobuhle ezintsha kwezibhamu nezikhali zempi ezilula, engacabangeki ngesikhathi ukwakhiwa kwamabhuloho kanye nezinqola mobile ngezinhloso lempi, ungenakunqotshwa kanye engenakuphikiswa.

Milan. Ithempeli Santa Maria delle grazie

Ngesikhathi Leonardo eMilan lapha kakade ezakhiwa eDominican sezindela. Elaba nokugqamisa main yezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi Isigodlo, esontweni Santa Maria delle grazie kokuba igcwaliswe ngaphansi kokuqondisa Donato Bramante, aziwayo kakade ngesikhathi umakhi Italy.

Duke Sforza babehlele ukwandisa endaweni yethempeli beka lapha ithuna uhlanga lwakhe olukhulu. ULeonardo da Vinci sezempi ukuba sizosebenza ku indaba waseBhayibhelini "I ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina" e 1495. Indawo for the nemidwebo zachazwa le Refectory yesonto.

Lapho ukubona "ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina"?

Kwenza kube lula ukukuqonda lapho Umdwebo "weSidlo Sokugcina" kaLeonardo da Vinci, kubalulekile ukubhekana ethempelini sivela esitaladini Corso Magenta bese uvula amehlo ethu kuze kufike ohlangothini lwesobunxele, le uAnnexe. Namhlanje zalungiswa. Kodwa seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili hhayi stinted ku ukubhujiswa. Abazibonele bathi ngemva ethempelini air kuphangwa labhujiswa cishe ngokuphelele futhi obekusele ne mural lokusinda, wayebizwa ngokuthi kuyisimangaliso.

Namuhla, indawo lapho Umdwebo "weSidlo Sokugcina" kaLeonardo da Vinci, ukufuna izigidi abathandi art. Ukuze uthole lapha akulula. Ngenkathi izivakashi ukubhuka indawo eqenjini ukuvakasha kuyadingeka kusengaphambili. Futhi ukuze alondoloze wobuciko Izivakashi kweqiwe ehholo babehlangana ngamaqembu amancane, futhi ukuhlolwa isikhathi kukhawulwe imizuzu engu-15.

umsebenzi Eside kukhathaza phezu Umfanekiso

Umsebenzi mural kwakuhamba kancane. Nokho Umdwebi wasebenza ngezinga elingafani, njengazo zonke geniuses. Lokho kwaze kwaphela izinsuku eziningana ongafikanga bakhishwe ibhulashi, kunalokho, izinsuku akazange umthinte. Ngezinye izikhathi, khona emini wayengumuntu uphonsa konke wagijimela umsebenzi wakhe ukwenza eyodwa nje kubhulashi. Abagxeki uthole ukuthi izincazelo eziningana. Okokuqala, umculi wanquma ukuphuma for a uhlobo olusha Umdwebo - hhayi tempera namafutha upende. Lokhu kwasenza sakwazi njalo lichibiyele futhi ulungise isithombe. Okwesibili, ekuthuthukisweni kwamasevisi akwi-esiqintini ukudla evumela abaculi waphinda ukunikeza izimfihlakalo associative amaqhawe "I ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina." Incazelo abaphostoli yokuqhathanisa izinhlamvu zangempela, owayephila ngesikhathi sika-Leonardo, zingatholakala kunoma iyiphi lwemibhalo yobuciko ukugxekwa.

Ukucinga for the sibonelo futhi ugqozi

Ukwenza uhambo nsuku zonke ezindaweni ezihlukene edolobheni, phakathi kwabahwebi, abampofu, ngisho izigebengu, umculi likhiphe ngesikhathi ubuso, uzama ukuthola izici kunganikeza izinhlamvu zakhe. Kungatholakala kubhalwe ezihlukahlukene zokudla, ehlezi inkampani babantu abampofu futhi ezikhathalela ubatshele izindaba zakhe yokuqeda isizungu. Yayithanda imizwelo yabantu. Njengoba masinyane njengoba he wabanjwa ezithakazelisayo ngokwakho sobuso, mina-ke sketched ke. Ezinye imidwebo umdwebi sika wokulungiselela indaba ukulondoloza ukuze kuzuze izizukulwane ezaziyolandela.

Ugqozi nezithombe wobungcweti ikusasa Leonardo engagcini nje phakathi kwabantu emigwaqweni Milan, kodwa futhi phakathi nendawo yazo. Mina yayiphumula futhi "umqashi" yakhe wakwaSforza, ezavela Umdwebo "weSidlo Sokugcina" ezishaya unkulunkulukazi u-yakwaJuda. Inganekwane ethile ithi isizathu lesi sinqumo le banal umhawu umculi, ngasese uthandana Intandokazi Duke. ukukhetha okunjalo kuyomane ukwenza umculi ngokugqamile. "I ukuthiwa iSidlo Sokugcina" akuyona kuphela secret code prototypes, kodwa futhi izibani ikhambi eliyingqayizivele.

ukukhanya Scenic kusukela amafasitela zaveza namaqiniso ngempela, kuhambisana ukukhanya yemvelo nemidwebo ewindini, esisogwini udonga eduze. Kodwa namuhla, lo mphumela akanayo ukubukela njengoba isikrini odongeni lufihlekile ngokuphelele ukuze asindise obukhulu kuzo.

Umthelela isikhathi ekulondolozweni kwezindawo wobuciko

Isikhathi ngokushesha wazibonakalisa ekukhetheni okubi of okudweba. Eminyakeni emibili nje-ke wathatha kumculi wabona umsebenzi wakhe ishintshile kakhulu. Painting e amafutha yaba ngeyesikhashana. ULeonardo da Vinci iqala ukuba ngiqhube sokubuyiselwa lokuqala esemathuneni akudala, kodwa iminyaka kuphela emva 10. Wancika ukuba nabo emsebenzini wokulungisa nabafundi zabo.

Iminyaka 350, endaweni lapho Umdwebo "weSidlo Sokugcina" kaLeonardo da Vinci, yabekwa ezihlukahlukene ngokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo nokufana kwengxenye. umnyango engeziwe, besika kuya Refectory nge izindela ngo-1600, kakhulu ezilimele mural, futhi ngekhulu XX abangu kusulwe ngokuphelele ezinyaweni zikaJesu.

Ngaphambi kwempi yezwe yesibili mural abuyiselwe izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili. Nge sokubuyiselwa omusha ngamunye imisebenzi yayenziwa zamatshe upende isetshenziswa, futhi kancane kancane baphendukezele yasekuqaleni. Izazimlando zobuciko wabhekana umsebenzi kunzima ukunquma imibono kokuqala uLeonardo da Vinci. Imidwebo, imidwebo, yokwakheka ukuqopha umculi agcinwa iminyuziyamu eminingi emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa Milan ubhekwa umnikazi we kuphela eseqedile ngokugcwele emikhulu imisebenzi umculi.

Titanic umsebenzi restorers yesimanje

Ngo XX leminyaka, nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva phezu Umdwebo "weSidlo Sokugcina" Kade usuvele usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva. Kancane kancane, ungqimba by ungqimba art uthuli restorers ekhulwini asuswe isikhunta futhi wobuciko.

Ngeshwa, namuhla, owaziwa kakhulu iqiniso lokuthi le nemidwebo yokuqala kufanele imibala 2/3 uhhafu kuphela esetshenziswa umculi ekuqaleni irretrievably elahlekile. Ukuze ukuyinakekela ngokwengeziwe Umfanekiso namuhla emagcekeni ethempelini Refectory Santa Maria delle grazie inakekelwa umswakama umfaniswano kanye lokushisa air.

I last nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva kwenziwa iminyaka engu-21. Ngo-May 1999, umhlaba futhi wabona ukudalwa uLeonardo da Vinci sika Umdwebo "weSidlo Sokugcina." Milan ngesikhathi kuvulwa nemidwebo ngoba izibukeli wanikeza ukugubha grand.