Amaphrotheni futhi obisi hydrolysis

Amaphrotheni - it is a ikhemikhali kuyinto kwakwakhe eziphilayo uhlobo okusezingeni eliphezulu. Njengengxenye amaprotheni, kukhona abantu abangaphezu kwekhulu ezahlukene amino acid izinsalela. Umuntu ngamunye emzimbeni wakhe kufanele ibe Kilos esingaphansi nanhlanu amaprotheni.

Amaphrotheni kungaba ngezinhlobo eziningi:

1. Amaphrotheni elula peptide hlobo. Zakhiwa hhayi abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu acid acid izinsalela.

2. Amaphrotheni oligopeptide hlobo. Bahlanganisa emibili kuya kweyishumi acid acid izinsalela lapha.

3. Amaphrotheni polypeptide hlobo. Bahlanganisa kusuka eziyishumi ukuze izingalo eziyikhulu namashumi acid acid izinsalela lapha.

Kudingeka nokuba bathi namaprotheni kungenzeka enye yezindlela ezine yenhlangano:

1. Lena eyinhloko amaprotheni. Kuleli fomu amaprotheni emelelwa molecule komugqa okuyinto sakhiwa ukulandelana acid acid izinsalela.

2. Lena ifomu lesibili amaprotheni. Kuleli fomu amaprotheni washintsha esikhaleni, it yakha uhlobo Kuvunguza, usufikile ngu-hydrogen izibopho.

3. Leli fomu wamaprotheni ephakeme. Kuleli fomu, kusetjenziswa imihlobohlobo exhumanisa Kuvunguza amaprotheni-molecule amajika folds libe uhlobo lwesakhiwo eyindilinga, okuthiwa kwamakhemikhali globule.

4. Kuyinto oluthile quaternary amaprotheni. Kulokhu, amangqamuzana omoya eziningana amaprotheni ukwakha globules awashintsheki komunye nomunye by links.

Lapho amaprotheni kwenzeka nganoma isiphi ithonya zangaphandle, isibonelo, ithonya izinto ezifana lokushisa aphakeme, i-molecule ye-protein iqala ukuwohloka kancane kancane akha ukuma. Kodwa lapho, ekugcineni, ukubhujiswa esiyinhloko isakhiwo amaprotheni, bese sithi hydrolysis amaprotheni iphutha. Hydrolysis amaprotheni - inqubo ekubhujisweni engavamile eyinhloko engqamuzaneni amaprotheni. Le nqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kungenzeka kokubili medium esidi e ane-alikhali medium hlobo. Ubopha yeluhlelo ezinjalo zemvelo, ezifana hydrolysis amaprotheni emzimbeni, kuba i-enzyme - peptidase - hydrolase. Hydrolysis amaprotheni - lena esigabeni yokugcina ukubhujiswa amaprotheni-hlobo ama-molecule. Ukubhujiswa amafomu yesibili noma ngaphezulu kwe-molecule ngokuthi denaturation. Denaturation kungenzeka samuntu awushintsheki futhi engelapheki. denaturation esethola kwenzeka lapho kubhujiswa izixhumanisi buthakathaka engqamuzaneni amaprotheni, futhi engelapheki - ephula eyinkimbinkimbi izibopho eziqinile covalent.

Lokhu kubalulekile imikhiqizo yethu ekuphileni efana ubisi, futhi, yakhiwa ikakhulukazi amaprotheni. amaprotheni alo yakhiwa izingxenye ezintathu ezisemqoka:

1. casein amaprotheni. Sitholakala ubisi angaba mathathu.

2. Laktobulmin. Anakho ukubunjwa yayo iseduze amaprotheni, okuyinto etholakala igazi serum. Sitholakala ubisi cishe kwesigamu amaphesenti.

3. Lactoglobulin. Lokhu amaprotheni kuhle kakhulu amasosha omzimba. It has amabutho ama-antibiotic kanye sokuzivikela.

I amaprotheni ngobisi kungaba esimweni encibilikayo, futhi ugxile ukusetshenziswa kuyo ukudla ukuba amaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalombili. Kufeza indima ebalulekile emzimbeni, basebenzisa yona njengesibonelo ukudla. Inhloso Its main - iwukuhlanganyela ukwakheka kwamaseli amasha emzimbeni, ikakhulukazi eziphilayo abasha, izitshalo nezilwane, kanye kuyasiza ukubuyisela amaseli ubudala.

Ubisi, kuhlanganise, ingaqukatha eziningi amaprotheni e serum Lokudabuka noma ezinye imvelaphi efanayo. namaprotheni anjenge faka ubisi kusukela amaseli mammary indlala futhi, eqinisweni, kukhona imikhiqizo ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba ezibalulekile, okuyinto ethathwa umkhiqizo. Futhi, obisi unezincwadi eziningi acid ezibalulekile acid ezingeke kwemiqondo emzimbeni, kodwa noma kunjalo kubalulekile ukhona olunye futhi isebenze.