Lokushisa kwezinkambiso emsebenzini. Okufanele ukwenze, uma izinga lokushisa endaweni yokusebenza ngenhla evamile

Iziphi izici zangaphandle nomthelela ekusebenzeni umsebenzi? Imibuzo enjalo Yiqiniso, kufanele inikezwe noma imuphi umholi ofuna ukuba banakekele izisebenzi zabo futhi inzuzo nyangazonke. Ngeshwa, kusobala Uma unganakile, ikakhulukazi ngokuvamile enganakwa. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, amabhizinisi kokubili elincane lelikhulu, ngokuvamile azinakwa amazinga lokushisa emsebenzini. Kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele khona neqiniso lokuthi akuyona yonke umsebenzi uzokwazi ukusebenza ngokugcwele, umnkantsha noma bahlushwe ukushisa babulawa.

Ubani elawula isimo sezulu emsebenzini?

Ingabe ikhona imibhalo esemthethweni elawula izinkomba ezinjalo? Yebo, zikhona. Lokhu kuyinsakavukela SanPin izinga lokushisa emsebenzini. Lezi ziqondiso zisebenza kubo, ngokuphelele yonke inkampani futhi bonke abasebenzi (kungakhathaliseki eziqinile futhi lingakanani ubuzwe).

Lonke ulwazi ku imithetho zingahlukaniswa zibe amabhlogo ezimbili eziyinhloko: izincomo lokushisa emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene abasebenzi kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo womqashi ngokwephulwa yabo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, izinga lokushisa emoyeni emsebenzini kungenye elawulwayo isihloko 212th soMthetho Wobudlelwano Ikhodi yezwe, othi umqashi Kuphoqelekile edingekayo ukuze ukuhlinzeka isimo esikahle nemibandela eyomsebenzi lonke abasebenzi bayo.

Indlela yokuzivikela lapho esesebenza?

Yini umsebenzi, uma izinga lokushisa endaweni yokusebenza ngenhla kuyinsakavukela? Uma umuntu aqaphele izingozi ngempela impilo usesimweni esinjalo, kungenzeka ukuba senqabe okwesikhashana ukwenza imisebenzi yabo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kumele wenze isicelo esibhalwe phansi bese elithumela kubo abaphathi abaphezulu.

Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we kumele kubandakanye ulwazi ukuthi ukuqaliswa kwe ngemvume umsebenzi inkontileka zabasebenzi esongela abantu ezingozini zempilo. Kuwufanele ubheke isihloko sendatshana 379-th we TC, equkethe ulwazi mayelana semthethweni izinhloso ezifana. Uma iphepha senziwa yibo bonke imithetho, isikhulu hhayi kuphela akazange alahlekelwe emsebenzini, kodwa futhi bagodla wonke amalungelo akhona. Kodwa Ungeqisi it esifisweni sabo ukuthatha ikhefu emsebenzini, kungenzeka ukuthi iziphathimandla ziyakuvumela ukukunikeza izindlela.

Kanjani ukugwema umthetho ngaphandle ukwephula?

izintuba Kwalo izindlela zingenzeka, kanye nobuholi. Into wukuthi SanPin e nokubhalwa kwawo kubonisa into efana "uhlale" kunokuthi "ama-iri wokusebenza". Uma sikubeka kalula, umqashi akuyona njalo iphoqelelwe ukuba ikhiphe abasebenzi ekhaya ekuseni nge ungakhululekile nezimo zokusebenza, ukuthobela umthetho. Kungathatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuze uhlele sekhefu ezengeziwe phakathi egunjini ukusebenza ngosuku kufaneleka kakhudlwana uphumule izimo.
• Ukudluliswa abasebenzi kwelinye ikamelo ukuthi iyahlangabezana nezidingo.

kwezinkambiso yenhlanzeko: izinga lokushisa emsebenzini ehlobo

Yiqiniso, iningi zonke izindinganiso lokushisa endaweni yokusebenza ukhathazekile abasebenzi ehhovisi, kodwa lokho ixhunyiwe ngalo mkhuba Kunzima ukusho. Kufanele kuqashelwe yokuthi abaphathi, onobhala kanye nabanye abasebenzi umsebenzi bokusungula basonta isigaba abasebenzi nge kokuvivinya umzimba ezincane. Kuthathwa ngokuthi evamile lokushisa yabo kufanele isukela 22.2 kuya 26.4 (20-28) degrees. Noma yimuphi ukuphambuka kusuka izibalo esungulwe akuholele kuncipha kokusebenza usuku nesikhathi. Ukuncishiswa isikimu simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

• 28 degrees - 8 amahora;
• 28,5 degrees - amahora 7;
• 29 degrees - amahora 6, nokunye.

A ukusebenza efanayo algorithm eside imisebenzi umsebenzi ehhovisi kuyehla kube lokushisa 32,5 degrees ngenhla zero. Ngaphansi idatha efana kokuqala ziqasha bavunyelwe akukho kuka ihora elilodwa. Ngezinye lokushisa eliphakeme ukwedlula umsebenzi ngenhla wenze ufuna ukukhansela, noma ukuthuthela kwelinye igumbi.

amazinga yenhlanzeko: lokushisa ebusika

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abasebenzi bomsebenzi kuyanconywa emsebenzini bangase bahlupheke hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokuntuleka emoyeni ukushisa kanye, kodwa futhi ngenxa yamakhaza (Esimweni esinjalo yingozi nakakhulu, kodwa lingandile kangako). Uyini ubuncane lokushisa avumelekile kuyinsakavukela emsebenzini? Ukuze uqale, siyakuphila ukuxoxa algorithm kosuku ezimweni cool abasebenzi ehhovisi. Inombolo amahora ukusebenza ngabo kuqala ukuthi kwehle kusuka degrees 20 kanje:

• 19 degrees - amahora 7;
• 18 degrees - amahora 6;
• 17 degrees --ihora 5, nokunye.

Uphawu lokugcina degrees 13 kusho ihhovisi zabasebenzi isisebenzi ekamelweni unheated ngokulala ihora elilodwa, ngamanani aphansi umsebenzi edingekayo ukukhansela konke.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le mithetho isebenza kuphela isikhala ezimbonini kanye sesikhundleni izikhungo zomphakathi nezidingo futhi zikhona, kodwa kukhona ukuhluka. Ngokwesibonelo, izinga lokushisa Kunconywa imitholampilo cishe 20-22 degrees.

Ukwahlukanisa wonke imisebenzi

Izinkambiso SanPiN izinga lokushisa endaweni yokusebenza ahlukile esigabeni ngasinye kwabasebenzi. Kunemikhakha emithathu eyinhloko, ezimbili zazo futhi ihlukaniswe yaba phambili sub-ngamaqembu:

• 1a. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi ukuze 139 Watts. Iya kancane umsebenzi, enza imisebenzi umsebenzi ngendlela awulutho kuNkulunkulu.
• 1b. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi Watts 140 kuya 174. A ukuthi ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba kancane lapho enza imisebenzi ukuthi engenziwa kokubili ukuhlala nokuma.
• 2a. Amandla ukusetshenziswa 175 Watts kuya 232 Watts. ukucindezeleka Lokulingene ngokomzimba, isidingo ukuhamba njalo, ezihambayo imithwalo engafinyelela kwengu-1 kg isikhundla ehlezi.
• 2b. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi 233-290 Watts. Active, kodwa ukuvivinya umzimba okusesilinganisweni, ukuhamba ingenye ilayisha okuqhubekayo futhi ezihamba afika ku-10 amakhilogremu.
• 3. Amandla ukusetshenziswa 290 Watts. umthwalo Olukhulu, ezidinga amandla eningi kanye nomthelela. Ingabe uhamba, imithwalo emikhulu.

Akubalulekile ukuba singaphethi ngokuthi ayanda isigaba umsebenzi, le ngobuqotho kufanele kuqashelwe amazinga lokushisa endaweni yokusebenza ehlobo ngenkathi yasebusika. Eqinisweni, umthetho ukuvikela umuntu ngamunye ngokucophelela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abenza okhandlayo asebenzayo, kulula kakhulu ukubekezelela cool, ngoba nethuba kulungele emizamweni izimisele.

Kuphi usizo?

Okufanele ukwenze uma izinga lokushisa evamile endaweni yokusebenza wephule, nokuphathwa uyaqhubeka ukuphoqelela ukucindezela izisebenzi ukuba zenze? Kulesi simo, isikhathi uya kudlule nasemkhawulweni ka-imithetho ngenhla, kungaba kubhekwe kabusha. A processing, njengoba yaziwa, kumele ikhokhwe kabili.

Ngingalutholaphi akhononde yokuthi lokushisa kwezinkambiso endaweni yokusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile noma njalo i-? Noma yisiphi isikhungo ngokusemthethweni Lapho esingatha le ndaba, ngeshwa, akukho. Nokho, uma kunesidingo, zonke izikhalazo eziphathelene nenhlangano abampofu izimo emsebenzini, abasebenzi ongayithumela yezabasebenzi abahloli bendawo, okuyinto uzokwazi ukulungisa isikhalo futhi ukuqalisa ekuqhutshweni kuso.

Ngaphezu nabahloli bomsebenzi izifiso zabo inhlangano ka lokushisa ekhululekile nasemsebenzini inkampani ingase ithunyelwe ku Rospotrebnadzor, batawuphindze ukuba uxazulule izingxabano nomqashi.

Isijeziso nezinhlobo zayo

On isiphi isijeziso ungase iyangena umqashi ngeshwa? Indlela elula - inhlawulo evamile, futhi leyo mali kungaba isukela ruble kusuka 10 kuya kwezingu-20 .. Okuningi kubi iyiphi inhlangano ukumisa okwesikhashana imisebenzi yayo, okungase kuhlale kufikela kuzinsuku ezingu-90. Ukuze abalekele isijeziso noma kudingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimo ezikhona, noma ukunciphisa ngosuku obekusetshenzwa ngalo umsebenzi kuze kube nemazinga lamisiwe ladzingeka Kulokhu.

Indlela ukuqeda ukwephulwa?

Ngingayithola kanjani ukufinyelela kwamazinga adingekayo lokushisa endaweni yokusebenza ehlobo? Mhlawumbe kuphela indlela ephumelelayo ukuxazulula le nkinga ukufaka yesimanje emoyeni isimo kanye nokugcina ukupholisa uhlelo ekhona ezingeni eliphezulu. Ayikho amafasitela evuliwe kanye okusalungiswa musa asize ukudala indawo ukhululekile elangeni, kodwa banikeze kuphela ziphuzo zazihluzwa air ukufuthelana kusuka egunjini egumbini. Enye Ububi le ndlela kunobungozi eliphezulu imikhuhlane phakathi abantu egumbini.

Nge ngokuqondene nesidingo lokushisa lomoya, kuwusizo kakhulu ukusetshenziswa central bafudumale system.