Museum of Tula Gingerbread. Tula: izikhangibavakashi

City samovars, gunsmiths, ukuvumelana kanye Gingerbread, lapho kudabuka khona kwesokunxele handers - amakhosi Russian zomhlaba. Konke lokhu Tula, iminyuziyamu kanye ezikhangayo ukuthi zitholakala phakathi nendawo zomlando. Lihlanzekile leli dolobha futhi elula kakhulu abavakashi: kuba okuyindawo eqhele ngamahora amathathu drive kusukela dolobha futhi umi ujantshi umgwaqo imigwaqo isiqondiso eseningizimu Russian.

Kuphi ukuqala yokufunda

Ngokwezindinganiso zanamuhla, Tula enkulu ngokwanele. Noma kunjalo, zalo ezikhangayo main ungabona ngosuku nje olulodwa. Ukuze uqale ukuhlola idolobha best of the Tula Kremlin. Ngemva kwalokho, ungakwazi ukungcebeleka emigwaqweni yasendulo zinamagama isikhali. Futhi-ke, kubalulekile ukubheka ezintathu ezikhangayo esiyingqayizivele kunazo: Museum of Tula Gingerbread, samovars nezibhamu.

Kubathandi umlando nezincwadi emzini kukhona izindawo zokuhlala eziningi ezithakazelisayo. Umlando House Museum Veresaeva nezinye iminyuziyamu isimo Tula, futhi nje izakhiwo ezindala XVIII-XIX eminyaka - abathengisi efulethini izindlu, izakhiwo ezisemthethweni mansions aristocrats 'zidonse ukunaka kwanoma izivakashi.

Izivakashi kumele ubanjwe kwi "lokhuni" Tula, ezitaladini ubudala, behlala ngaphandle izinsuku zabo zokugcina. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abaningi yezindlu kuyagcinwa akukuhle kakhulu, phakathi kwabo ungabona real yobuciko yezithakazelo ezigxilile zababazi.

Tula ezibiyele

He is kancane ihlukile kwezinye izakhiwo efanayo Russian. I ezibiyele akufanele emfuleni, futhi phambi kwakhe. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi izakhiwo amazing. Kodwa yena, ingxenye uhlelo uthango edolobheni, ingenye ezinqabeni ezinamandla kakhulu-Russian. Ngokuhamba komlando waso, Tula ezibiyele akazange athathe izitha neze. Ngisho ngesikhathi Bolotnikov ukuhlubuka, kuphela ukucwila ke, wakwazi lokususa iinhlubuki edolobheni.

Ubujamo ezibiyele ulula. It is built in ukuma quadrangle. Izikhwama nge phansi ingxenye zenziwa zamatshe amhlophe, futhi phezulu - eyakhiwe ngezitini. Ubude odongeni - kancane ikhilomitha angaphezu kwelilodwa, futhi ukuphakama - amamitha ayishumi. I ezibiyele imi emagcekeni ababebuthene kwesihlahla se-okhi yinqwaba. Bahlela isisekelo kuyoshaya ekujuleni eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili. Namuhla walondoloza yonke imibhoshongo ayisishiyagalolunye le nqaba, ezine zazo ziba yindilinga futhi lonke sikwele.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe kwezikhali

Ngo-1989 kwanqunywa ukubeka iqoqo, ziphephile okuyiwona kweminyaka eminingi uqoqa Tula izingalo ifektri e yangaphambili lombhishobhi wendawo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngakho wathi kuPetru: kokukhipha lo myalo ngisho. Namuhla, ngenxa yalesi sinqumo esihlakaniphile, izivakashi nethuba ukubona amaphethini ezithakazelisayo kakhulu isikhali amakhosi, kusukela esikhathini uPetru ukuba namuhla.

Kukholakala ukuthi Thule obala ukuze wonke umuntu abone iqoqo eliphelele kakhulu ezweni lethu. Esikhathini Museum ungakwazi ukulandela ukuvela izikhali Russian.

Nokho, azikho izibonelo kuphela Tula sezingcweti. Esikhathini Museum kukhona isibhamu, obadalwa eNgilandi, Japan, France, Iran, Turkey, eBelgium, eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe. Of injabulo ethile kubangele ziphephile kusukela ukuqoqwa "isibhamu weNkosi."

A yimpumelelo enkulu phakathi izivakashi ukujabulele ngesibonakhulu. Noma ubani angakwazi abheke ngaphakathi kuwo ukubona namazeze ukuthi zigqokiswe Tula master abadumile. Ithikithi Museum kubiza ruble 80 abadala, ama-ruble angu-100 - ukuthatha izithombe nokulungiswa.

Assumption Cathedral

It elimiswe maphakathi itshe Kremlin. isisekelo salo kuhlehlela emuva eminyakeni 1628-1629. Ekuqaleni, kweNyuka Cathedral Yakhiwa njengoba ithempeli ehlobo. Okwamanje lesi sakhiwo yisona kwezinhloso zenzuzo hhayi kuphela ngokuya izakhiwo, kodwa futhi ngenxa yeqhaza layo kwezobuciko. Phakathi imidwebo ungabona imidwebo ezingavamile, okuyinto ebonisa Imikhandlu WamaSonto. Ngo-2012, umbhoshongo isikhencezo kweNyuka Cathedral kwaqalwa umsebenzi wokubuyisela. It sebenqume ngokuphelele umbhoshongo insimbi, okuyinto kanye zazilengela kuze kube ngamamitha ayisikhombisa. A ehlotshiswe izinsimbi zalo ezingamashumi amabili nambili.

Epiphany Cathedral

Uma kuphela ihlobo ngakhonza Cathedral of kweNyuka, kule ethempelini abenziwe round. Yakhiwa kamuva kakhulu - ngo-1865 kukhunjulwa lababuleweyo Omkhulu Patriotic amasosha neMpi. Ngo 1892 sasibhekwa esiyingqayizivele, ngoba lwenziwe Ukushisa kwamanzi ukuthi eRussia lezwakala siyindlala ngalezo zinsuku. Kodwa-ke, phakathi neminyaka iSoviet, Epiphany Cathedral ngesikhathi bethola club ezindizayo, futhi ngemva - kwabadlali.

Tula Gingerbread

Ngo Tula, lesi sidlo uthandwa kakhulu. Ubani nje ongeke athande inkomishi yetiye uju Gingerbread? Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka Tula Gingerbread athabiswa ukunambitheka kwalo amazing kanye izinga. Muva nje, futhi ithole Museum ayo, lapho zonke isivakashi ungajabulela ezihlukahlukene ziphephile "ezihlwabusayo". Konke kwaqala kudala ...

Indlela ukupheka Tula Gingerbread

Ithi ngubani futhi lapho okokuqala lenzé, akuthathi ubani. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Tula Gingerbread egcinwe encwadini Museum umbhali 1685. Ukuze izikhathi zethu namanje walondoloza ibhodi ekhethekile lapho abantu besikhathi ungakwazi ahlulele Diversity Gingerbread. Bahlabeka kusukela birch noma ipheya. Ubudala kulowo muthi kumelwe okungenani sibe neminyaka engu amathathu. Ukuze Gingerbread kwamapulangwe esetshenziswa kuphela engxenyeni engezansi isiqu, okuyinto iyasikwa ibe yizicucwana engaba mihlanu amasentimitha obukhulu yomiswa ngoba cishe engamashumi amabili. Emaphethelweni master amabhodi amandla nivame ngemakhilayoni nobe resin. Ngemva umuthi usulungile, Umbazi, umculi waqala ukwenza umdwebo. Lezi amabhodi, empeleni kuyinto kwindlela ukubhaka Tula Gingerbread.

incazelo

I Gingerbread lokuqala eRussia ngokuthi "uju isinkwa". Bona kwalethwa phansi Russian amaViking. It okwenzeka ekhulwini IX. Yingaleso sikhathi baseRussia baye naye wathola ukuthi pancake imvubelo kanye broths of izithelo ezomisiwe. Ngenkathi amakhekhe babe inhlama, senziwe ngofulawa rye, exutshwe ijusi yama berry noju, isithako yokugcina zaba cishe isigamu salesi ingqikithi.

Kamuva e uju isinkwa waqala ngokungeza izimpande futhi imifino yasendle. Futhi XII-XIII eminyaka, lapho umhlaba steel Russian amazwe ezivela eMpumalanga Ephakathi futhi India, ezihlukahlukene izinongo ezingavamile, izaqathe, wathola igama layo lamanje, ke yakheke cishe ngokuphelele ngesikhathi uju emangalisayo, okuyinto manje laziwe kubo bonke.

Taste ezihlukahlukene kwakuxhomeke test, ukubunjwa yayo, indlela kulungiselelwa baking. A indima ebalulekile kukhala ngu izinongo kanye izithasiselo, okuyinto endulo ngokuthi "imimoya owomile." Phakathi ethandwa kakhulu babe kulamula, emnyama, Mint, fennel isiNtaliyane, Vanilla, Wild orange ikhasi ne-ginger, ikhumini, anise, amakinati kanye clove.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII ka Tula Gingerbread eyaziwa kakade Perm futhi Arkhangelsk, eKursk futhi laseKharkov, Kaluga, Novgorod nokunye. D. Kancane kancane, baqala ukwakha ukukhiqizwa yayo Gingerbread okumnandi. Tver Pryanichnikov kwadingeka izitolo e Paris, Berlin, nase-London.

ekudalweni Museum

Umqondo ukuvula embukisweni, yazalwa ngo-1994. Futhi ngemva kweminyaka emibili, ngosuku lweshumi October 1996, leli Museum "Tula Gingerbread" (Ikheli :. Oktyabrskaya, indlu 45a) sivulwe. Itholakala esifundeni, ngempela kude isikhungo esingokomlando. Museum Tula Gingerbread ahlukanisa eziyinkimbinkimbi kwekhulu XIX. Kwakuwusuku wangaphambili izindlu abazalwane Lalin, gunsmiths futhi samovarschika. Eduze ngokushesha futhi esitolo lapho wabhaka amaqebelengwane, kanye esitolo inkampani, lapho izivakashi Ungathenga eziyisikhumbuzo fresh futhi uthambile, futhi ahlukahlukene.

Tour of the Museum

Izivakashi ungabona Amazing kakhulu Gingerbread ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene futhi ayilingani, kusukela amancane, ukuba ukubaluleka penny, futhi pounder. Bonke enziwa nenye endabeni ethile. Iqoqo Museum zikhona zomlando Gingerbread amakhukhi, izitifiketi, ukubingelela, siqu, nabanye abaningi.

Labo lucky bayakwazi ukubamba iqhaza emisebenzini fun, ukuphuza itiye Gingerbread, okuyinto uhlela "Tula Gingerbread" Museum. Amanani aqala sokuboniswa nge ruble engamakhulu imizuzu eyishumi, futhi uphatha esihlwabusayo nge flavour ezahlukene kuyokushiya umangele izivakashi. Kodwa ukwenza amakhekhe, ephekwe esitolo esiseduzane, wakhonza ukushisa-yokushisa abe yiphunga emangalisayo futhi eyingqayizivele yezinyosi namangqanga. Yonke inqubo kakhulu efana izivakashi. Mhlawumbe yingakho Museum Tula Gingerbread esikhatsi kungalindelekile esifushane yayidumile kakhulu. It kuvela ukuthola kuwo futhi ukudabula amahholo isiqondiso, kubalulekile ukuba alobe cishe inyanga.

nemibukiso

"Umlando isimo Russian" - ngaphansi kwaleli gama embukisweni setfulo, okungowelebuli wendawo candy ifektri "Old Tula". Le nkampani inomlando omude kanye nakho ekwakheni ama-traditional Gingerbread ephrintiwe indlela endala, ngesandla bese usebenzisa amafomu lokhuni kuphela.

Lo mbukiso ezithakazelisayo iningi Museum, futhi lokhu embukisweni kuyinto omkhulu Usayizi imitha Gingerbread imitha. It is izifiso kwezempilo, impumelelo nenjabulo we CF "Old Tula" Imitlolo ecwengileko ithi. Futhi nje abekezelela isanqante eduze kakhulu letincane kakhulu, ukuba isisindo amagremu amahlanu kuphela.

Museum of Tula Gingerbread ingenye lomncane emzini Tula. Sekuyiminyaka engaba amashumi amabili nakho uye wazuza kakhulu hhayi nje e Tokyo, kodwa Kaluga, laseChekhov, ngisho eMoscow. Nansi indaba ye uju lasendulo Russian, okuyinto wehlele kithi kusukela kudala kweqiniso. ukukhiqizwa isanqante wazibonela kuba nezinto ezinhle nezimbi: kwakukhona ukulahlekelwa, futhi kabusha.

Izivakashi ngeke ukhulume wonke emikhosini yasendulo futhi amasiko ahlobene Gingerbread esiyingqayizivele. Abakwazi ukubona bese uqhathanisa indlela wayeklanyelwe ezimweni zanamuhla, futhi ukubukeka labo amasampula, okuyinto zavezwa emafomini ubudala.

Kukhona naye wethulwe njengelungu komncane kunabo, usayizi kancane ngaphezulu kokujwayelekile amahlanu amadola, Gingerbread, kanye enkulu - pood, okuyinto nguye kuphela kulo lonke izwe lakithi.