ND Hlunga: ukuminyana isithombe. Kungani isidingo ND Elihehayo?

Mhlawumbe njalo umthwebuli sifisa wacabanga ngombuzo, njengoba ochwepheshe isigxivizo ku izithombe zabo Fiphele amafu soft, izimpophoma, inkungu, sengathi igcwele inkungu, amanzi notshwala? Kulokhu, Wabasaqalayo akunakwenzeka kuzuzwe nomphumela ofanayo ngokusebenzisa kancane ijubane yokucina.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi professional bezithombe zisebenzisa kokungathathi hlangothi ukuminyana izihlungi ND. Akumelwe ididaniswe enezihlungi umyela - bona mnyama kuphela ingxenye ethile ifremu.

ND-izihlungi zenzelwe adonse ukukhanya ukuthi sidlula kubo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo akuphazamisi ukukhiqizwa kabusha umbala. Lesi sici sivumela photographer ukusondeza isikhathi sokubeka izingcwecwe elangeni.

ND Elihehayo kwabantu (umthamo wokukhanya ngocansi kubo) kungenziwa nhlobonhlobo.

Kulesi sihloko sizofunda ngokuthi singakugwema kanjani ukusebenzisa kahle ND-izihlungi.

Kuyini ND Elihehayo? isithombe

ND isihlungi ND ibizwa ngokuthi isiqephu lulwimi lutho ngengilazi, okuyinto eziboshelwe ngasekugcineni phambi lens. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlunga noma kungekho nto enemibala emihle noma wenziwe grey ingilazi ukuthi amabhlogo okunqala ukukhanya, kanjalo ukuvikela izithombe zakho ngenxa yokuchayeka ngokweqile.

ND isihlungi uyakwazi ukushintsha noma ukunciphisa ukushuba yonke imibala amaza okukhanya, noma ngokulinganayo, okungukuthi, ngaphandle ezithinta umthunzi umbala. Ngakho-ke lethiwa.

Lapho kufanelekile ND izihlungi?

bezithombe Professional sebenzisa izihlungi, isibonelo, kwi izigcawu elikhanyayo ovuthayo ngu spotlight. ND ukuhlunga kakhulu ngempumelelo kuvimbela Ukungena zokukhanya ikhamera isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona afanayo, okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba uthole ukuchayeka olinganiselayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umbala. Uyakwazi mnyama lonke yesehlakalo, ukubuyela ke ezingeni layo ejwayelekile ukukhanya ukuze ikhamera uyakwazi walithumba. Uma uhlela ukuba asuse kuveza noma ukuthatha izithombe uma libalele, kukhona futhi ewusizo ND-zokuhlunga.

Injongo eyinhloko yawo umthwebuli umsizi ukuvumela umsebenzi nezimo nge diaphragm, lezinto ukufiphala kanye ukuchayeka, ngaphandle kokuthatha ku ukubala izimo ozungeze umhlaba wethu. umphumela ukufiphala, okuyinto kudala nesihlungi ND, kunzima kakhulu lokuphinda ngisho ukuthi ukucutshungulwa ikhompyutha yesithombe esiphelele. Futhi lapho kungenzeka lokhu, ukucutshungulwa kuba eside kakhulu futhi kuwumsebenzi onzima.

Yini izihlungi ND singaba usizo kabi?

• Ukuze kuncishiswe le ukudepha kwenkundla ekukhanyeni elikhanyayo kakhulu.
• Ukuze ngenhloso ukudala umphumela ifiphele ukunyakaza lezinto ezihlukahlukene.
• Ukuze andise ubude ukuchayeka ngaphandle kokuyekethisa isithombe.

Ngingakusebenzisa kanjani hlangothi ukuminyana isihlungi?

Isikhwama kwanoma iyiphi photographer landscape uzothola ND zokuhlunga. Nokho, abalandeli ziba igugu kakhulu. Mhlawumbe, ngenxa Uma unganakile, ND Elihehayo libukeka ucezu ayevumela darkish ngengilazi.

umsizi Lokhu umthwebuli ngeke wenze izinguquko ebonakalayo esithombeni okuholela: wamane wenza "sifakwe emanzini" we inzwa isithombe ukukhanya kuyinto mncane.

Nokho, uma usebenzisa wona, ukudubula izinto ezinyakazayo, njengemoto umfula, amafu, izilwane ngisho nabantu, - ND isihlungi otroet yonke amathuba angenamkhawulo zokudala. "Esiyiqhwa" impophoma ukuchayeka abavamile, uthola isithombe yisicefe futhi static ngenkathi usebenzisa eside isivinini yesivalo kanye lemifanekiso, ungathola isithombe ashukumisayo ngezithukuthuku kweso elihle amathonsi falling.

Ukuvumelana nezimo, anikeza kokungathathi hlangothi ukuminyana izihlungi ingasetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene: ukukhetha oyifunayo isivinini yesivalo futhi beso value, ngaphandle kokubuka izimo zangaphandle ukuthi balawule imithetho sokudubula.

Uma ihlumela isithombe esiqhutshwa ekuseni, ilanga libalele noma ntambama, bese usebenzisa i-ND Elihehayo, kungenzeka ukubambezela ukuze uthumele imizwa yakhe. Nokho, izithombe enhle ukuzedlula zonke umsizi photographer kusisiza ukuthole lapho kuhlwa noma entathakusa. Photographer onganqoba ukuchayeka kancane isikhathi - imizuzwana ngokoqobo ezimbalwa, futhi ngaleyo ndlela amelela wachela amagagasi inkungu emnene.

izinhlobo izihlungi

Okukhethekile izitolo bakulungele bezithombe ezihlukahlukene ehlunga. Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu - kuyinto ipuleti izihlungi, ogibele iziqobosho (Uhlaka umnikazi futhi adaptha annular) nokuba ngentambo isiyingi ngqo obandayo lens umgomo.

ND Elihehayo: yini edingekayo?

Ngakho, sifika fun okuyingxenye. Yini engasisiza ND isihlungi e inqubo ukuthatha izithombe? It has imisebenzi ezintathu eziyinhloko.

Umsebenzi wokuqala - ukuz

bezithombe Professional abaye bazuza okuhlangenwe nakho ngaphansi nebhande lakhe, ngokuvamile bayathanda ukudubula namathafa bemvelo kancane yesivalo ngesivinini. Izithombe kusukela "ukuthambisa" ngamagagasi namafu, esilufifi ukubukeka amanzi surreal ngenxa fuzziness yayo.

Uma une isithakazelo ukuthi, uma nithatha izithombe ukufeza umphumela imfihlakalo futhi kwezazi, khona-ke kumelwe uthenge ND zokuhlunga. Ukusebenzisa ukuz kudinga kancane ijubane yokushutha, okuzothi ngesinye isikhathi ngendlela efanele uthwebule amafu Uhlaka ngokunyakaza noma inkungu yamanzi. Nokho, kukhona caveat. Kwezinye izimo, ukuchayeka kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ngenxa slow isivinini yesivalo okweqa matrix ukuwa ukukhanya.

ND lemifanekiso, okuyinto ozoyisebenzisa ekupheleni phambi lens, ukuvimba ukukhanya ngokweqile, ngakho ungasebenzisa kancane ijubane yokucina.

Umsebenzi wesibili ngamabomu ezinyakazayo ukufiphala in the ifremu

Ngiphakathi nendawo ND Elihehayo lungasetshenziswa uma nithatha izithombe lapho kubalulekile ziveza umqondo ukunyakaza. Ngakho, esikhundleni ukuthunjwa ezinyakazayo, efana ephumula iphuzu, photographer engabambezela isivinini yokushutha, bese usebenzisa lemifanekiso ukuze udale umphumela ukufiphala.

Umsebenzi wesithathu - wehlise ukudepha kwenkundla

kokungathathi hlangothi ukuminyana lemifanekiso (ND) ingasetshenziswa ukwehlisa izithombe ukudepha kwenkundla. Kunalokho, ukuze kuncishiswe beso, okwenza zilinganiselwe izinhlobo ukuchayeka matrix, ungakwazi ukwengeza isihlungi ezonikeza abakhethayo ukudepha kwenkundla futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, silinganisela ukukhanya. Ngakho ungathola isithombe esihle kwento ekhethiwe, esemgwaqweni on isizinda enhle.

Thenga ND Elihehayo: yini okudingeka uzicabangele?

bezithombe abaningi uyazibuza ukuthi nhloboni ND Elihehayo ukukhetha. Iziphi izici kufanele sinake? Ngubani oyolandisa!

Izinto kanye Coatings

Ikhwalithi, futhi kungakho izindleko ukuhlunga kuthinte ezicini eziningana. Lezi, kanye nezinto okwenziwé nesisekeli wekhamera bese enamathela yayo. ND isihlungi singenziwa ka resin, ingilazi, noma i-polyester. Eshibhe lezi zinhlobo zezindwangu zokugcina. Nokho, wabuye ngokuya siphendukezela ngocansi therethrough ukukhanya.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinengilazi ukuthi kunciphisa ngempumelelo umphumela Ukubuyelela kabili isithombe ukuchayeka, kuyilapho black aluminium abanikazi nge ingilazi usizo Kwakwakhiwa ukunciphisa vignetting ezahlukene.

Plate zokuhlunga noma isihlungi ngentambo: Yini okufanele uthanda?

izihlungi Round ube usayizi encane, kulula ukufaka, kodwa beswela i umbandela ezibalulekile - nakalula. Ngokuvamile, inhlanganisela ehlunga eziningana kuholela inkinga nge vignetting, kuyilapho isihlungi ngokuqondile kuthathwe kufanelekile kuphela ngaphansi ubukhulu ezithile obandayo lens.

Ukusebenzisa square ipuleti izihlungi kudingeka Uhlaka-umnikazi futhi adaptha indandatho. Lezi sekeli kufanele njalo baphathe.

Nweba uhlelo ukufakwa square ipuleti izihlungi ungakhululekile ngakho, kodwa ikuvumela ukuba ngokushesha futhi kalula sihlanganise izihlungi. Ngenxa yalokho, wena ukwandisa isikhathi sokubeka izingcwecwe elangeni.

The main kanye Inzuzo enkulu lemifanekiso ipuleti ukuthi kusheshe esikhundleni noma sihlanganise nabanye kulungiselelwa ezinye amapuleti eziningana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlanganisela enjalo ingase ihlanganise hhayi owodwa othile kuphela, kodwa izinhlobo eziningana izihlungi. ND ipuleti zingahlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo ehlunga, ezifana nokwehlukana noma umyela hlangothi.

Hub izindandatho adapters

Kumele uthenge ezishibhile indandatho adapters, efanelekayo into ngayinye oyisebenzisa kalula ukufaka ipuleti ND ku lens ezahlukene.

Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa okuhlungayo kuphela ngentambo, kungcono ukuba ukhethe, kanye isinyathelo-phansi izindandatho esitolo eyodwa isihlungi ilensi ubukhulu ngobukhulu ukuthi lizonamathiselwa lonke uhlelo zokuhlunga.