Ngezikhawu ejwayelekile. Kuyini ngezikhawu isici

Ngokusho yinkimbinkimbi eziningi qhathanisa imfundiso yokuziphendukela umculo wezibalo, futhi abanye iqiniso kuwo, ngoba wezibalo waba ngukhokho kwemfundiso yokuziphendukela yesimanje umculo. Ngisho ngesikhathi aphansi ezingeni umculo esikoleni, ezinye izihloko ukuvusa imibuzo eminingi abafundi ', futhi enye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu ukuqonda iyona ngezikhawu ejwayelekile.

Izikhathi e umculo

Ngo umculo theory, esingaba ibizwa ngokuthi ibanga phakathi kwemisindo ezimbili, okuyinto yena, kukalwa amathoni futhi semitones. Halftone ibanga abaseduze phakathi kwemisindo, okungukuthi, kuba okhiye eduze. Omunye ithoni kuyinto 2 semitones.

slot ngamunye inenani ithoni bese stupenevuyu ezichaza umqondo uqobo. Stupenevaya Inani inquma ukuthi zingakhi izinyathelo ephakathi imisindo emibili, inani ithoni, esikhundleni salokho, inquma inani imibala. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhawu E A flat kuyehla Ilitha nakuba ukuzwakala njengomuntu wesithathu ezinkulu enharmonically kulinganiswe nakho. Nokho, izinyathelo 4 nje, futhi ngalokho, namanje Ilitha.

Kuyini amabanga isici

Ngaphambi kokuvala ekutadisheni ngesihloko eziyinkimbinkimbi, kufanele ukujwayelana ukhathazeke harmonic ezinkulu nezincane, njengoba lezi zihloko ezimbili zihlobene kakhulu. Ngakho ngokuthi ngezikhawu ejwayelekile, okuyinto akhiwa kuphela harmonic ezinkulu nezincane ngempela ezihilela esiteji harmonic. Abaningi bazizwa njengodade ngababili ezilandelayo:

• imizuzwana Owengeziwe - lwesikhombisa encishisiwe (uv.2 - um.7).
• Ukwandiswa lesihlanu - i Ilitha ezincane (uv.5 - um.4).

Lezi ngezikhawu ezithakazelisayo futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi iqiniso ukuthi wayengakaze nazo kangakanani izingqinamba zemvelo, nge kufanele siqaphele ukudida ngezikhathi ejwayelekile futhi zintulo, kuba 2 amaqembu ahlukene ngokuphelele. Khumbula ukuthi hlobo luni esiteji e izinguquko ezinkulu nezincane e ingoma harmonic:

• Harmonic Major - encishisiwe 4 esiteji.
• Minor Harmonic - anda 7 esiteji.

ngezikhawu Okukhulu

Lowo mbhangqwana wokuqala kuyinto ngezikhathi ezivamile alandisa ngenjongo imodi ezinkulu, nezincane. Esikhathini tune harmonic lakhulisiwe lwesikhombisa wesibili kanye nokwelashwa kwayo umenshonnaya, esekelwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• uv.2 - 6 ezingeni;
• um.7 - 7 ezingeni.

Ekulalelweni ukuze uwathole kancane kulula kuka zintulo. ngezikhawu esingokoqobo sikhiqize ezinkulu Evumelana likubeka ngokucacile ukuthi nge lutho ukudida. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhuphuke imizuzwana, isb 6 no-7, ngo-isinyathelo ukhathazeke harmonic, nge ezinyakazayo kancane kancane gammoobraznom ukudala ukunambitheka ezithile zaseMpumalanga, lapho isikhawu kuyinto kalula.

Njengoba ama-2 imibhangqwana uv.5 um.4, wakhe ukuqaphela kanye nokwakha kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, njengoba Okukhulu futhi Minor lusekelwe amazinga ehlukene. Lilele inselele, okuyinto iyayithusa abafundi ngezikhawu isici. ukuqeqeshwa Indlebe okudinga ukuba agxilise ingqondo esiphezulu, ukuze singathwesi uphuthelwe into enjalo ezibalulekile ezifana esigabeni kwesokudla ukwakhiwa. Ngakho, ngendlela enkulu 2 pair of Slots esekelwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• Uv.5 - 4 izinga.
• Um.4 - 3 ezingeni.

isakhiwo ukwakhiwa okunjalo isakhiwo ngenxa yokuthi endaweni enkulu kufanele khona uhla 4 esiteji.

ngezikhawu ezincane

Ngakho, ukufana harmonic phakathi run ezinkulu nezincane phandle, futhi baye ngobudedengu uv.2 esakhiwe ngokukhethekile. Isici ngezikhawu harmonic ezincane esekelwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• uv.2 - 6 ezingeni;
• um.7 - 7 ezingeni;
• uv.5 - esiteji 3;
• um.4 - 7 ezingeni.

Ukwakhiwa ngezikhawu esikhathini ezincane futhi ezinkulu,

Njengoba ukwakhiwa kwamaHholo ngezikhawu e ukhiye ezincane kusuka kunoma iyiphi umsindo, kufanele ulandele inqubo elula elandelayo. Cabanga ngesibonelo sika-ukwakhiwa sevenths encishisiwe. Thina kukalwa kusukela kuqala umsindo 7 izinyathelo, bese ulungise yi ngenani amathoni: kufanele 4.5. Manje kufanele abale okhiye omphakathi atholakele lesi sikhathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha umsindo isinyathelo ithoni 7 futhi uthola okhiye ezinkulu nezincane. Ngokwesibonelo, uma um.7 kudingeka bona bakhele phezu kwelwazi E umsindo, tonalities harmonic kuzoba F Okukhulu futhi F Minor. Ngu inqubo efanayo futhi ukwakha ezinye ngezikhawu isici. Solfege linikeza ezinye izindlela, kodwa elula kakhulu neshaya emhloleni.

Ukulungiswa ngezikhawu isici

Kusukela ngezikhawu isici kukhona Dissonant nabangaqinile bakuhlanekezela, kufanele ngempela uvumela isikhawu ungwaqa futhi uzinzile. Kodwa, sicela uqaphele ukuthi dissonanty zingaxazululeka ngasiphi sifanangwaca, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzinzile. Oluyingozi isikhawu efanayo kufanele bavunyelwe kuphela kule esitebeleni.

Le mvume cwaningo ngezikhawu ezithile kufanele esekelwe frets. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ku umculo lesinqumo kusekelwe ukwedlulela imisindo engazinzile ku esitebeleni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuthi yenze isikhawu, kubalulekile ukwazi ithoni lapho yakhiwa.

Ukulungiswa ngezikhawu isici eqondana ngokunembile nge isinqumo umsindo engazinzile. Uma bobabili uzwakale engazinzile ke aye esitebeleni ezayo, ngokusho isimiso gravity. Uma omunye umsindo kuleli uhla uqinile, lihlale endaweni, kodwa izinguquko umsindo ngakanye kuphela.

ngezikhawu ukwelashwa

Ngo umculo ukwelashwa theory libizwa kokudluliswa nihlabe enothini phezulu noma phansi. Isikhawu uqobo kanye nokwelashwa yayo isamba kumele kube enothini ahlanzekile, kwelinye icala, hlola amaphutha Yakha. Ukubamba lonke uhlelo nemithetho yawo siqu nemithetho, okufanele kuhle ukuba sikhumbule:

• Uma usingatha nalesikhathi okumsulwa etholwe njengoba okumsulwa.
• Nokusingatha Imiphumela encane isikhawu endaweni nalokho esikhulu okuphambene.
• isikhawu Umenshonny lapho usingatha ikunika yanda, futhi okuphambene nalokho.

Manje sibheke ngezikhawu ezithile Ukufinyelela, kuhlanganise amabanga ejwayelekile:

• Prima ingena enothini.
• Okwesibili yesikhombisa.
• Okwesithathu e kwesithathu.
• Ilitha lesihlanu.

Kepha ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi uv.5 um.4 kukhona nezilandiso, okuyinto kusiza kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwezicelo. Laba bobabili ngezici yesibili kuvunyelwe ku isimiso gravity. Ukwandiswa ehlangothini lwesibili uvunyelwe ukuba bandise futhi yakha Ilitha ohlanzekile (isinyathelo 5 ukhathazeke). lwesikhombisa encishisiwe kuvunyelwe bebheke ukuvaleka futhi yakha ephelele yesihlanu (1 isinyathelo ukhathazeke).

Hlela ukwakha ngezikhawu isici

Ukuphetha, sihloko sixoxa ngezindlela eziningana ukwakha ngezikhawu ezithile, njengoba lokhu yiso esibangela nobunzima abafundi kakhulu. Ngakho, indlela yokuqala unezigaba eziningana:

1. Okokuqala, kuzomele ichaze ithoni lapho udinga ukwakha isikhawu, futhi kalula izimpawu irekhodi ukhiye.
2. Manje kufanele uthole ukuthi yini uhlobo umsindo kule Ukhiye "ejwayelekile".
3. Khona-ke udinga ukuqala nge iphethini elandelayo: zonke ngezikhathi isici aqukethe ezingeni harmonic, futhi ezigxile kukho. Kulesi ezinkulu, "level magic" - owesithupha, lwesikhombisa ezincane, njalo uyikhumbule.

Izinyathelo sokuqala indlela yesibili wokwakha luqondane ngokugcwele ekuqaleni, kodwa ngemva kokubulawa yabo kufanele abe lula ukwakha ngezikhathi ezithize ngqo ezitebhisini efanele. Ukuze ugweme ukudideka, dweba ngokwakho etafuleni elandelayo:

Manje-ke ngeke kube lula kakhulu ukwakha zonke ngezikhawu, umsindo ngaphezulu ukuthi umuntu aziwayo kakade. Kukhona omunye imfihlo, kodwa kunalokho, iphethini, ekhumbula ukuthi ungakwazi masinyane ngekhanda etafuleni. Ngakho, bonke ezinkulu inkonzo enwetshiwe ngezikhawu zisekelwe 6 ezingeni eliphansi, futhi zonke ezincane encishisiwe - 7 anda. Manje, njengoba sengike eyakhelwe umbhangqwana wokuqala, ungakwazi masinyane ukwakha kanye yesibili, kusukela ngezikhathi isici ezihlobene eduze futhi cishe jikisa nomunye.

Ukwahlukana kusuka ngezikhathi isici Tritons

Kufanele uqaphele futhi ukuqaphela umehluko phakathi zintulo ngezikhawu ezithile, njengoba lokhu ingenye amaphutha ezivamile. Ngakho, Triton - ububanzi, esakhiwa ncamashi 3 imibala: augmented boncenyekune futhi Angaba yizingxenye elincane. Zintulo lingakhiwa le diatonic, kanye amathoni harmonic kanye izingoma, ngakho ukudida nabo kwamandla ethu isici.

Triton - a dissonance eqinile, okuyinto ingxenye evelele kuzithinta lwesikhombisa. By the way, mayelana zintulo uya nezinkolelo-ze eziningi, enye yazo yathi:, umculo, equkethe Triton - umculo the devil. Kwezwakala abasontayo medieval ngakho, ngakho kule umculo ezingokomoya zalabo ophakathi kwabo izikhathi zisebenzisa zintulo noma ndawonye noma ngokulandelana, kwathiwa nhlobo. Ukuvinjelwa kwakukubi kangaka, ukuthi abenzi bokubi ezisengozini ukuvakashela Zamacala Ezihlubuki zangeNkathi Ephakathi.