Ngingaba amanzi empompini? Izinga amanzi kampompi

Ngokungangabazeki, amanzi - lokho ekuphileni. Nokho, amanzi kampompi kwabaningi kubonakala ngempela uyaphila, kodwa kunalokho efile. Ngingaba amanzi kampompi noma kungaholela ezinkingeni ezingathi sína futhi kuthiwani Emanzini kampompi emhlabeni?

Iyini ingozi

Ingabe uSathane njengoba ngaso? ingozi Primary kubabangele lamagciwane ukuthi kungenzeka amanzi kabi kabi, noma uma zivela amile emi amapayipi. Kanjalo, amanzi kampompi "ezingcolile" kungabangela izifo emathunjini ukukhiqiza, idiphtheria, i-typhoid fever.

Enye ingozi - ukungabi oluphelele izakhi mkhondo noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuphakeme lokuqukethwe zabo. Endabeni wangaphambili kungenzeka ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukungezwani ezifana iodine, okuyinto embi indlala yegilo, noma i-calcium, okuyinto elimaza amathambo namazinyo. Overabundance ingadala imiphumela encane. Ngakho, semali cadmium emanzini kuholela yezinkinga emalungeni, mercury nomthofu - CNS izilonda, njengokuba insimbi ingahlangani kuphela bonakalise kagesi kanye amapayipi, kodwa futhi kubi empilweni.

Ingabe ikhona inzuzo?

Ngo kakhulu emadolobheni emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi e-Russia, eYurophu, eMelika, ukuphuza amanzi athathwe ebusweni zemvelo imithombo, okungukuthi, emifuleni noma emachibini. Yiqiniso, okungukuthi kakhulu ezahlukene kusukela trace element yokwakheka amanzi ngaphansi komhlaba imithombo. Ngakho-ke, iqukethe calcium kancane kakhulu, fluorine, i-iodine ne-magnesium, kanye ukuhlanzwa okwalandela futhi ngokuvamile kususa ezinye esincane namaminerali adingwa ababekhona ekuqaleni. Ngakho-ke, ukuntula lezi izakhi mkhondo - inkinga evamile izakhamuzi emadolobheni amakhulu. Yiqiniso, izinzuzo amanzi anjalo, okungenani eRussia, akwaziwa.

Kodwa okunye - amanzi asemabhodleleni - ngokuvamile liyasiza ukuba abhekane ngokuphumelelayo nesitha kusilela, njengoba iningi imikhiqizo izitolo - kuyafana ompompi, kuphela ngaphezu kwalokho nahlanza futhi eyayenziwe ahlanganiswe izakhi ewusizo. Ukuthenga amanzi asemabhodleleni, ufunde ilebula futhi uthenge Artesian, akufanele kube nzima kangaka ukuhlanza futhi enothisa.

Indlela ukunquma izinga amanzi kampompi?

Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi bakwazi ukunquma izinga lokuhlanzeka kwamanzi organoleptically. Nokho, lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Ngakho, wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi amanzi ahlanzekile kumele kube sobala futhi kungekho nto enemibala emihle. Uma ubona ukuthi kusukela empompini ageleza okuthile zibuthuntu noma nge dash umbala (onsundu ngokuphaphathekile noma abe phuzi), aphuze la manzi kuphela hhayi zinkulu. Nokho, la manzi kuphela ezindaweni lapho nahlanza cishe akwenze, noma uma kukhona ukungcola eziningi. ERussia, ngisho nasemizini kulencane kungenzeka ukuhlangabezana iDemo - ngemva uhambo ngezinye izikhathi avuze amanzi ibuthuntu, futhi kungaba ngokushesha ukudonsa. Kwezinye izimo, ukungcola kanye Amagciwane Yiqiniso, akusho ukuhlukanisa ngeso lenyama.

Futhi, ungazizwa ukuthi ukunambitha. Nokho, kungaqondakala, lapho amanzi ukungcola eziningi kakhulu, isibonelo, emakhaya asebekhulile ukuxhumana ezigugile. Ukunambitheka bangazizwa babutha yensimbi, ithusi, nitrate, uwoyela amaminerali, chlorine ne-hydrogen sulfide. Futhi ngokuvamile iguquka ukunambitheka ketshezi ehlobo, lapho amanzi ukuqhakaza kungase enephunga manzi (njengoba nakuba kungase kuzwakale), noma ixhaphozi. Uma amanzi ngasizathu simbe ungenalo bumnandi, kungcono ukuba baphuze, baphephele emzimbeni wakho.

Ngakho amehlo, ikhala nomlomo nokuzwakala we okuphothula kunzima kakhulu, wenzani ukuthola ncamashi ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphuza amanzi kampompi? Indlela elula kudlule isampula ukuhlaziywa elabhorethri ekhethekile.

Njengoba le ndlela muhle kuphela endaweni yokuhlala wakho, khona-ke wazi kanjani mayelana nezinga lamanzi, uma uza ohambweni iholidi noma ibhizinisi? Okokuqala, thola ukuthi kusukela tour opharetha kusengaphambili ngabe ikani isiphuzo amanzi empompini kuleli zwe noma emzini lapho uya khona. Uma uhambo ngokwakho noma ibhizinisi, khona-ke buza ekufikeni mayelana bendawo, ezifana abasebenzi ehhotela.

ekhethekile Imininingwane amasayithi futhi babe, isibonelo, iphrojekthi Ingabe amanzi okuphuza aphephile. On website yabo ungakwazi faka igama lomuzi futhi uthole ulwazi mayelana nokufaneleka umpompi. ithola khona idatha evela e-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, futhi ube base kusuka ezihlukahlukene emadolobheni emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise 28 Russian. Ngolwazi oluthe xaxa futhi zamanje imizi Russian ingabonwa kumawebhusayithi Rospotrebnadzor futhi Vodokanal ezindaweni ezithintekile, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amakhulu izindawo.

Ekhona uhlanzekile izinhlelo

Uhlelo ezivamile asetshenziswe Russia - wokuhlanza ejenti, okusho chlorine. Uwoyela ubulala wonke amabhaktheriya futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvimbela kusungulwa izidingo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ku amapayipi ngokwabo. Abaningi besaba umkhuba chlorine, kodwa nokuqukethwe kwalo emanzini esokuba ngokomthetho, njalo elibukhali ayikwazi balimaza abantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-chlorine - ekhuthaza oluyingozi, futhi ngenxa yalokho kungenzeka ezokukha amanzi ku nojeke noma itiye ake ume isikhashana, ngakho kwaphela. Kwezinye izindawo nezinhlelo esetshenziswa ezintsha reagents, isb aluminium oxychloride. Isetshenziselwa ngempumelelo e Novosibirsk kusukela ngo-1995.

Ngo-2008, baqala ukusebenzisa indlela entsha umshini ohlanza amanzi nge ultraviolet. Lokhu uye waba iphayona Petersburg. Nokho, le ndlela engenzi abulale amagciwane, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayenzi amanzi ngokuphelele ephephile. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela isetshenziswa kuphela ngokuhlangana ne chlorination.

EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani isibonelo eFinland, noma e-Canada, amanzi ozonated, okusho zokukhipha igciwane ngayo i-ozone. Lokhu igesi oxidizes imvilophu igciwane, ekuvimbeleni ke ukwehlukana nokubambelela emangqamuzaneni omzimba womuntu. Nokho, le ndlela akusebenzi ngokumelene amagciwane.

izinga Water nokuphepha eRussia

I-Russian simiso umshini ohlanza amanzi kuyinto ngempela zanamuhla futhi ngobuchwepheshe ifakwe ukuphakela amanzi ezindaweni zokuhlala izinga ngempela bahlonipheke futhi ngokuqinisekile ephephile yokuphila. Okungenani sinale simangalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo emadolobheni amakhulu zikha amanzi emifuleni eseduze, amachibi kanye amadamu, ezifana ngesikhathi izikhukhula, bathole umanyolo noma indle emasimini. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka ehlobo yamanzi izimbali kakhulu kubonakala e ukunambitheka kwako futhi nephunga. Ngakho-ke, ikhwalithi akuyona njalo, kepha ukusindiswa kungokukaJehova njalo ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu, okusho ukuthi amanzi ngeke uthole ngokusebenzisa Amagciwane.

Kuyinto nalo liyinkinga enkulu, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amancane nezifunda the ubudala, ukuwohloka kwezimiso zokuxhumana. namapayipi Old, kanye nokugcinwa uketshezi kwezinye izindawo neqhaza ukubukeka ezingemnandi ahlukahlukene emanzini amanyela.

Futhi, eziningi incike izici engokwemvelo imizimba amanzi. Ngo Neve, isibonelo, amanzi uthambile, ngakho kusukela egeleza Petersburg isikulufu esiqiniselwe ekugcineni kwethumbu uketshezi lapho okuhlala cishe akukho micronutrients umuntu wemvelo. Ngo Kalmykia, amanzi ukunambitheka okunosawoti ngenxa okunosawoti omningi emanzini zendawo ibe nomphumela ongemuhle izinso.

Njengoba kunjalo kuwo wonke amadolobha enkulu emaphakathi neRussia?

Asiqale kusukela dolobha - kungenzeka ukuphuza amanzi empompini eMoscow? Ochwepheshe ukuphendula unga. Njalo emahoreni angu-24 Mosgorvodokanale amasheke kanye Ukuzihoxisa amanzi, futhi kuzo zonke izindawo edolobheni in the empompini ketshezi ukuphepha bacteriological, kanye ukungcola okuqukethwe njalo ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo evamile. Nokho, amanzi eMoscow unothe kakhulu yensimbi, ngoba lokhu, isibonelo, nokugqwala on amapayipi ngezinye izikhathi. Nokho Iron sindisa Akukuhle ukuba impilo yakho, futhi engalethi umonakalo ngempela, ngakho unganqikazi uma ungakwazi ukuphuza amanzi kampompi eMoscow. Ochwepheshe ukuphendula - kungenzeka, uma azikho izindlela.

Petersburg, amanzi asuka uMfula iNeva waliphothula ngezigaba ezimbili. reactants Okokuqala, okungukuthi i-sodium hypochlorite, bese oku-ultraviolet. Isigaba sokuqala obulala amagciwane, kanti eyesibili - amagciwane, okwenza amanzi enhloko-dolobha enyakatho iphephile ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu bendawo abakwazi esabe, ecabanga ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphuza amanzi kampompi Petersburg. Nokho, ezindaweni eziningi edolobheni kungase okunothe ngenxa yokuthi amanzi emfuleni iNeva uthambile kakhulu futhi adle steel zokuxhumana. Ukuphuza akusiyo kuyingozi kakhulu, kodwa kungcono ukuba bangalisebenzisi kabi ke.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uhlelo lamanzi Umbuso ihlose ukwenza ngcono izinga lamanzi, kukhona emadolobheni lapho, kunalokho, siya siba sibi kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ngaphambi bendawo ukuba umbuzo omayelana nokuthi ungakwazi ukuphuza amanzi kampompi Sochi, ngoyebo, kodwa manje abazama ukuthenga it in amabhodlela. Lonke iphuzu ekushintsheni yokuhlanza isimiso - chlorine esikhundleni ngeminye reagents ukuthi ukushintsha ukunambitheka kwamanzi futhi walenza obuqinile.

Izifunda

Ezindaweni isimo yokuthi emadolobheni amakhulu kungaba ukuziqhayisa amanzi okuhle, kodwa zivame ukuba nezinkinga ezincane. Ngokwesibonelo, idolobha elingelesithathu ngobukhulu Russian laseNovosibirsk njalo zibalwa ohlwini 10 emadolobheni isiRashiya ngamanzi ezinhle. Ngakho-ke, Novosibirsk bengahlala khona ngokuthula futhi engangabazi ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphuza amanzi kampompi Novosibirsk.

Kodwa ngo Elista zonke ezimbi ngempela - esifundeni asemaqeleni kubangela ukuntuleka kwamanzi, ikhwalithi embi futhi uwohloke yayo nezokuxhumana. A inhlanhla okuthé xaxa ukuze labo babe ngakwesokunene kungekho isibalo amanzi zemvelo ezinkulu, isibonelo, i-Tula esifundeni - kuyinto amanzi kampompi Artesian.

Lolu ketshezi kusukela kampompi eYurophu

Ukuhamba emhlabeni Europe, ungakhululeka, ikakhulu emadolobheni amakhulu: amanzi iphephile ngokuphelele abantu, okungenani ngakho uthi imithombo ezisemthethweni. Nokho, uma ku Central, Northern futhi Southern Europe, izingxenye kunjalo isimo amanzi muhle cishe kuwo wonke amazwe, kodwa eMpumalanga akukuhle ukuwaphuza ngokuqondile kusukela empompini, ikakhulukazi e-Albania, Moldova, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina: Slovakia. Kuyinto futhi umuntu ofanele kakhulu notshwala uketshezi ompompi baseBulgaria futhi yinkinga.

Abaningi izivakashi bayadideka umbuzo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba isiphuzo amanzi empompini eKhupro. Endaweni izakhamizi sokukholwa ukuthi zingakwazi, kodwa kule ndawo Kunezinkinga fresh umswakama, namanzi ukwelashwa izitshalo ukuze desalinate kolwandle amanzi, esithinta yayo izinga. Geza kungenzeka, kodwa akufanele baphuze.

ENtshonalanga Yurophu, njengoba isivele kuphawuliwe, amanzi kuwo kufanelekile ukuba ziphuze, ikakhulukazi imiphakathi yasemadolobheni amakhulu. Ngakho, akungabazeki ukuthi, kungenzeka ukuphuza amanzi empompini e Prague, Vienna noma Berlin ngqo. Kuyinto nsé asemabhodleleni. Kuyinto hhayi esithambile futhi, kodwa hhayi kunzima, unganikeli athelekela ngeketela noma igobolondo futhi iphephile ngokuphelele. On umbuzo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba isiphuzo amanzi empompini e-Amsterdam, umphakathi womhlaba uthi awukwazi ngokuphepha. Kukhona efanelekayo ukuze bahlanze nazo zonke umthwalo. Nokho, isibonelo, odokotela isiFulentshi, impendulo ngoyebo umbuzo mayelana nokuthi ungakwazi ukuphuza amanzi kampompi e Paris, wenze ukubhuka ezincane - izinsana kusenzima kangcono ubilise.

Amanzi nephephile eNyakatho Yurophu, lapho kungenzeka ukuba uthele neziphuzo echibini we yangasese yomphakathi, ethelwa ngokuqondile ku ingilazi endaweni yokudlela bese ukunikeza izingane. Odokotela bangase ngisho ngokuvamile nika nesineke ukuphuza amanzi empompini, njengoba iqukethe ezinhle futhi efiselekayo kumuntu ukulingana usawoti namaminerali.

Melika

US, yebo, yiba lamadolobha esimanjemanje kakhulu uhlelo amanzi kampompi uhlanzekile, futhi izinga layo cishe lonke ezingeni ehloniphekile. Kukhona okuhlukile, emadolobheni amancane ikakhulukazi, lapho kukhona ezingcolisa eziningi eziyingozi, ezifana phambili noma ithusi.

Lapha, ngokwesibonelo, e-San Francisco ngenxa imithombo esiyingqayizivele engokwemvelo amanzi ubhekwa abahlanzekile futhi inenzuzo kakhulu kuleli zwe. AbaseMelika ube enye inkinga nge amanzi okuphuza - bachitha izindodla zemali ukuthenga amanzi asemabhodleleni, okuyinto evame hhayi kuphela hhayi kangcono ngaphezu kwamanzi kampompi, kodwa futhi kuyingozi ngoba isembozo plastic, okuyinto ukhulula izinto eziyingozi futhi eside ukubola.

Kuphi ukuphuza amanzi kampompi, akudingekile?

Kukhona emhlabeni nalabo yezwe lapho akunakwenzeka ukuba baphuze amanzi, musa batusa ngisho ukuxubha amazinyo akhe futhi ushayele emlonyeni wakho uma showering.

It is asathuthuka futhi emazweni ampofu ezifana Afghanistan, India noma Bangladesh, futhi emazweni amaningi Southeast Asia - Cambodia, Laos, eVietnam, kanye ingxenye enkulu Afrika - Ethiopia, Chad, Ghana nabanye.

Kula mazwe, baphuze amanzi asemabhodleleni kuphela amukele yokudlela lavala ibhodlela, ngakho isikhonzi kungaba abakopelayo futhi uthele kule iziqukathi ketshezi ezingenalutho kusukela empompini.

Indlela yokwenza amanzi kampompi wezindlu?

Uma ungenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi wena ikani isiphuzo amanzi empompini noma uma isidingo ehlanzekile ke, isibonelo lapho wokujikeleza ke isitokwe up isebenze namalahle. Kuyinto disinfects kahle. Enye neyaziwayo ejenti elwa namagciwane - esiliva, wakufaka esitsheni amanzi kwesikhashana. Kodwa okungcono kuyinto abilayo. Ingasetshenziselwa ekhaya noma ehhotela.

Uma udinga ukwenza amanzi ikhaya okuphuza aphephile, zama isihlungi nokwelashwa kwayo eziphambili. Nemiphanda abasakwazi ofanele, kodwa ungakhohlwa ukushintsha igobolondo njalo. Flow futhi ukuhlanekezela Osmosis zinhlelo iyashelela futhi unamandla okukunika izinga oyifunayo amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile futhi unempilo.