Nokuvikela phansi lokhuni: izici ezicashile

Njengoba kusimo eyinhloko phansi sokhuni ezifweni zabo umswakama. Ithonya lawo kungabangela ukubola nokubhujiswa isembozo phansi. Ngakho-ke, nokuvikela phansi lokhuni kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile kule ukukhishwa kwale ngxenye yamagceke noma iyiphi injongo.

izinhlobonhlobo ungangenisi amanzi

Namuhla singakhetha ukuze ungangenisi amanzi of the ubuchwepheshe ekhona. Le nqubo kuzoncika injongo igumbi, isakhiwo isizinda kanye nohlobo sekugcineni phansi. Ngokwe ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa kanye nomsebenzi ungangenisi amanzi ubuchwepheshe kungaba:

• inkatho;
• abaluphahleka;
• imidwebo;
• Ukushaja;
• kraftliner.

Ukuze ukhethe ukuthi uluphi indlela zizokwenziwa nokuvikela phansi lokhuni, kumele ayejwayele ezicashile indlela ngayinye.

Izici ungangenisi amanzi upende

Indlela eshibhe bese zilandelwa kakhulu kalula ukuvikela flooring ngokhuni kuyinto ungangenisi amanzi Paint. Inikeza isicelo ezinengilazi polymeric noma bituminous. A Ububi le ndlela iyona fragility umgwengwezi wadala. Ngesikhathi kokuhlinzwa, kuyoba kuyaqina, okuyinto kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi labo izimo lapho kunomehluko lokushisa. Ngemva kwalokho, le enamathela bethola brittleness, futhi uzobe kwakhiwa phezu chips nokusasamba. emva ungqimba imisebenzi ungangenisi amanzi iminyaka 6 kuzodinga isidingo zokubuyiselwa. Uma oyokwenziwa phezu lokhuni ungangenisi amanzi phansi spray ubuchwepheshe, pre-phansi kufanele sanded, susa ebusweni ukuze ome futhi begcoba amabala. Ngemva Kwamanzi camera nge primer ka bitumastic. Kufanele kube esomile, kodwa staining yayo kusetshenziswa roller noma shayela. Kwezinye izimo, le nqubo liphindwe izikhathi eziningana.

Ezicashile ungangenisi amanzi yabalingisi

Nokuvikela phansi lokhuni kungaba kwenziwe bese waphonsa ubuchwepheshe. Kuthathwa kunokwethenjelwa abaphilayo namuhla. Nokho, kufanele ancike amasu ezibizayo. Consumables ngoba imisebenzi kuyoba oncibilikisiwe itiyela, asphalt noma itiyela phezulu. Indaba uzoba viscosity ezithile kuye ngokuthi lokushisa kanye nokusungulwa. Ibitume eliwuketshezi kumele ukufuthelana abafika kwabangu-10 °, ngokuphathelene ongaphakeme-viscosity Ukwakheka, izinga lokushisa ayo kufanele abe uhla kusuka 50 kuya ku-80 °. Ukwakheka viscous kuyinto eliwu 120 °.

Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, base ibhalwe, ke kufanele ahlanze, susa aqhephukile futhi yomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, priming kwenziwa ibitume ashisayo. Along azungezwe kufanele ukwakha formwork. Isendlalelo ungangenisi amanzi ukufuthelana lokushisa oyifunayo, bese bonke ubuso ugcwele. The Wizard yokululama a bushelelezi metal, ishiye ebusweni nje ukwakheka esesindile. Eziningana izingqimba enjalo kungaba camera uma kunesidingo.

Amabhola ukugcwalisa ungangenisi amanzi

Ungangenisi amanzi of phansi indlu yamapulangwe zingenziwa ngokugcwalisa a impahla ekhethekile okuthiwa bentonite. Ngosizo lwabo okulungiselelwe isikhala egcwele. Ngaphansi kwethonya amanzi, le nto yakha gel okuyinto neze uyakwazi okuxhunyanwa umswakama. Ngaphezu izimfanelo ungangenisi amanzi ungqimba kwakhiwa uye nangokuvikela ikhono. Nokho, mkhulu, okuyinto kunciphisa ukuphakama ophahleni. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ngokugcwalisa okokusebenza ungangenisi amanzi kufanele wenze formwork, okuyinto efakwe azungezwe we egumbini. Kwamanzi bahlanza futhi omisiwe, ngemva kungenzeka bese uqala ukugcwalisa, ukuqondanisa ngokucophelela futhi uphawu.

Izincomo usimende manzi

izingoma ezinjalo zihlanganisa izithako fillers amaminerali, binders kanye izithasiselo polymeric. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe yamathebhu esetshenziswa usimende. Ingxube olungiselelwe kufanele zisetshenziswe izingqimba eziningana, okuzodala Ukuvikelwa gidronepronitsaemuyu. Isisekelo a ungangenisi amanzi ezifana zigezwe kusukela upende. Phakathi izici zayo ngibopha - amandla maximal nobumsulwa. Amaqhubu nokusasamba kufanele afihle.

Ingxube ezomile kumele kulekelelwa amanzi, elandela iziyalezo yomenzi. Ukwakheka ukulungele ixubene, mhlawumbe usebenzisa ukwakhiwa mixer. Lapho usebenza lokushisa Igumbi kufanele sibe ububanzi kusukela +5 ukuba + 30 °. Ukusebenzisa ikhambi wenziwa izingqimba eziningana, okungaba kuze kube izinga ezine. kufanele ulinde sokuphumula imizuzu 10 phakathi kwabo. Ngo isinyathelo solidification kwamanzi akufanele enikeziwe umsebenzi, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze thermometer awehleli ngezansi 0 °. Lokhu kufanele ukuqeda omiswe.

Le ndlela yokwenza ye abami lwezimpawu wokubacindezela

Ungangenisi amanzi phansi e indlu yamapulangwe kungaba kwenziwe futhi ubuchwepheshe liner. Kulokhu ethe njo base ibitume roll, polymer-ibitume noma izinto polymeric. Kufanele kwenziwe izingxenye okuyinto ukuvimbela elibi. Njengoba kulezi zimo ezingenhla, ebusweni phansi is bahlanza futhi omile, futhi ngemva kwaso sisetshenziswa mastic ungqimba ukushuba kufanele zifinyelele 1.5 mm. imiqulu ephezulu iphuma, i adhesion ibangelwa esebenzisa anamathelayo esekelwe yokususa ingcekeza elenkani. Kubalulekile nokushisa ukushisela ndawonye ezivuzayo pre-ukuhlanzwa. Inani izingqimba kuzoncika phansi echayeke amanzi.

Ukuthuthukisa nekusebenta ungangenisi amanzi

Ukuze nokuvikela anolaka phansi lokhuni ukuze sibe abafundisi abaphumelela kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuvikela izinto hhayi kuphela ngenhla kodwa ngezansi. Uma isakhiwo ayinakho engaphansi, le ungangenisi amanzi kwenziwa inqubo ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo. Ngesikhathi kwenziwa nokuvikela umsebenzi phansi, okuyinto has a engaphansi enzansi, zingase zibe yinkimbinkimbi. Kuvikelwa izinto kusukela umswakama kufanele zamathekisthi ezinqunyelwe ukuba zifundiswe imisebenzi. Ngenxa yalesi subfield sokuxazulula uhlelo ukupholisa. izakhiwo Ngokhuni ziphathwe nezivimbelakuvunda, futhi ebusweni engaphansi luphahlekwa Isoplast noma ukufulela impahla. Ungangenisi amanzi ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngokuhlanganyela zihlale zifudumele.

Nokuvikela phansi wokhuni yokugezela

Nokuvikela zokhuni phansi egumbini lokugezela kufanele kube njengoba ngempumelelo njengoba impahla echayeke umswakama njalo. Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwale ngxenye egumbini kufanele kukhethwe kusukela izinkuni impahla waterproof ngohlobo aspen futhi larch. izakhi phansi impregnation Kwenziwa izikhathi eziningana, indaba nangokuvikela kufanele potkryt yonke imininingwane ngaphansi flooring. ngezizathu sokuvikelwa egcwele kufanele ufakwe kukho kobuso tile, okuzokwenza ezivimba amanzi. Ezinye izindaba zika-umsebenzi ungangenisi amanzi kungaba kwenziwe ngomunye izimfundiso ngenhla.

Ungangenisi amanzi phansi kule okugeza

Ukuvikelwa phansi okugeza kaningi eyenziwe enamathela noma liner kusho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa impahla kuwebhu noma ezahlukene Ukwakheka kwe-mastic. Ukuvikelwa Ukuthembeka kuzoncika ukushuba ungqimba. Uma usebenzisa izinto ifilimu, kubalulekile ukucabanga mayelana ingcina. Njengoba omunye nezidingo main injena wukuthi akufanele zikhipha izinto eziyingozi lapho zizwa okushisa aphakeme. Ochwepheshe ukweluleka njengoba insulators ngoba sauna nokusetshenziswa eshaweni ukufulela wazizwa, njengoba yempilo yayo akuyona njengoba okusezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa lapho ukufuthelana sikhipha izingxenye ingxenye uwoyela. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngemva ulenza libe kudinga luningi ukucutshungulwa itiyela. Ngakho, nokuvikela phansi kwezinkuni okugeza kufanele kube uqweqwe polyethylene ifilimu.

Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi enye indlela ephumelela ngaphezu iwukuba impregnate. On ukudayiswa ungathola jikelele si ekhethekile ezisetshenziswa noma iyiphi impahla. Kodwa ukukhiqizwa esinjalo kubaluleke ngempela eqolo. Kunamaphuzu amaningana abakhi, akusho ukweluleka ukuze akwazi ukufeza umsebenzi ungangenisi amanzi egunjini umusi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi igumbi izovela iphunga of bola kanye isikhunta. Nokho, ukuvimbela lokhu, kubalulekile ukuba sihlele ukupholisa uhlelo ezengeziwe.

Ukuvikeleka umswakama phansi phansi lokhuni

Ungangenisi amanzi phansi izinkuni kungaba kwenziwe phansi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ezomile kunjalo, lo msebenzi kumelwe nakanjani ukukhiqiza. Ngenxa yale njongo, a ngesisekelo izingqimba eziningana, njengoba isebenza wokuqala ohlangene kahle inhlabathi ukuba ohlangene ngesandla noma nge ukusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kuyoba isihlabathi zokulala, okuyinto ethatha njengoba ungangenisi amanzi okuhle. Uma une ukusebenza nenhlabathi obukhulu, kwanele kuyoba 10 cm ungqimba. Nokho, nxa umhlabathi distending ezahlukene futhi athambekele okokuqandisa, izingubo zokulala ukuphakama zingandiswa kuya ku-20 cm, ngoba base uthambekela umswakama ukumuncwa.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo is ukugcwala 10 cm ungqimba zamatshe ochotshoziwe, okuyinto has a ingxenyenamba medium noma indawo. Ingaphezulu ohlangene, okuyinto evimbela Ukungena umswakama izingqimba engenhla. Ngakho, ungakwazi ukuvimba ukufinyelela umswakama joists futhi joists. Uma amanzi phansi elise ezijulile ayibi ngaphezu kuka-2 m ebusweni imfucumfucu ungayithola enye by ubumba zandiswa esebenza njengesikhali ezishisayo kanye ungangenisi amanzi. Lezi izingqimba ayadingeka lapho ukhetha noma iyiphi indlela ebusweni ungangenisi amanzi nokubeka phansi kanye nokhuni ezinengilazi.

Ungangenisi amanzi phansi ezigxotsheni

Ukuze wenze nokuvikela phansi lokhuni olukulesi izingongolo kungaba kokulandela uhlobo lobuchwephese. Yonke indawo ngaphakathi cap ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze umbe emthonjeni, ibanga phakathi okumele azisizi 1.5 m. On isiguqo zabo phansi selibekiwe isihlabathi futhi amatshe, futhi ungangenisi amanzi bese uthola inqwaba yokwaziswa ye polyethylene ifilimu. Kufanele ukuza ebusweni inhlabathi 30 cm. Kusukela Izitini sokuxazulula nezinsika emva iphele ikhambi alunge mastic amanzi.

Kuhle kakhulu nokuvikela phansi kwezinkuni Kulokhu siqukethe ezihlukahlukene izinto. Ngokwesibonelo, phezu kobuso isikhala phansi selibekiwe ukufulela ezibonakalayo, ezingashabalala webs zihlanganiswa ndawonye itiyela ze-mastic. Kufanele sithathe ku ezindongeni plinth 20 cm nokunamathisela itiyela. Angles ivaliwe ngokucophelela up, ukwaziswa kwekhethelo futhi musa usike bese ugoba emphethweni. Uma ufaka impahla ukufulela udinga ukudala the ukukhasa ezansi isitsha esivaliwe. NabasePoland ziphathwe itiyela futhi izingcezu sifiphalisiwe ka ukufulela impahla, okuyinto sibekwa izingqimba eziningana. Ngakho nokuvikela phansi lokhuni ngaphansi Tile kungaba kwenziwe. Lokhu ubuchwepheshe esinyathelweni esilandelayo kuhilela ukufakwa ezinsikeni imishayo phansi obukhulu, okuyinto pre-kusetshenzwe eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini ungangenisi amanzi izinto. Imishayo asethe njó izigxobo zensimbi iziqobosho, bamisa joists futhi phansi ibha ngamunye skull esinqunyiwe, okuzokwenza ube isisekelo sub-phansi.

isiphetho

Nomaphi kokusebenza nokuvikela phansi lokhuni ikhethwa, into esemqoka - bagcine ubuchwepheshe ethize, enye yazo ezingase zithathwe ngokuzimela kini.