Orchid Ukunakekelwa transplanting, amathiphu

Uma ukholelwa ukuthi ososayensi, ama-orchid ehlotshisiwe Umhlaba enye eminyakeni million 130 edlule. Njengoba unesitshalo, babendlala iminyaka 4000 kuphela edlule, okokuqala e-China ne-Japan, lapho kwakungenziwa infusions zokwelapha, ngoba isikhathi eside, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi baye ephulukisa izakhiwo.

Emazweni nezinye, ama-orchid, ukunakekelwa kanye okutshalwe okwakukhona kakade evamile eMpumalanga, kwakukhona ingqikithi yeminyaka engu-200 edlule futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi iye yazuza abayithandayo eziningi ubuhle bayo.

Orchid ku imvelo

Kwaphela isikhathi eside abantu benza iphutha ngokucabanga ukuthi lesi sitshalo sikhula kuphela amahlathi emvula, kunzima ukwakha simo esifanele ekhaya ngaye. Eqinisweni, kukhona mayelana 30,000 zama-orchid ezimila kwezimo ezihluke kakhulu zezulu, ukugwema izindawo nje ezomile futhi buyabanda.

Usuke eduke wayengekho abangenangqondo, kusukela izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ingabe uthanda imvula yezimvula Emahlathini emvula, lapho bavikelekile oqondile emisebeni yelanga, ngokuhle emoyeni ukupholisa.

Kuze kube manje, kukhona kuphela orchid e-Antarctic, ngenkathi ezinye amazwekazi kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene ekhaya. Abaningi zezintaka le mbali kukhona epiphytes futhi udinga ukwesekwa ngesimo ipotimende esihlahleni. Noma kunjalo, ezakho izimuncagazi, njengoba feed kuphela humus amahlamvu nezinambuzane.

Ingxenye orchid zokulala ezintabeni, ngokukhetha le emfantwini, lapho ecosha umswakama futhi babe nokuvikeleka emimoyeni ebandayo. Phezu izigidi zeminyaka, lezi zimbali ziye zashintsha ukuba 'sikhule' izimpande namaqabunga, ezisiza ukuba basinde uma kwenzeka nesomiso, ngiphakamisa umswakama imvelo.

Ezinye zazo ekhanga izinyosi, kuyilapho ezinye ziba Ushintshe futhi beba impova yizimpukane, izimvemvane, omiyane, amalulwane, umzwilili ngisho kudliwa. Akubona bonke yohlobo lwazo bayakwazi sizakhele ngaphandle semvelo evamile. Ama-orchid, ukufakelwa nokunakekela ekhaya okuyinto cha sindise izinkinga ezinkulu, okwethulwa ingqikithi zinhlobo 50, ethandwa kakhulu okuyizinto Cambria futhi Phalaenopsis.

zinhlobo orchid

Ngokuvamile, abatshali banake ezihlukahlukene imibala angadingi ukudalwa microclimate eziyinkimbinkimbi efulethini noma abamba ukushisa. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• Phalaenopsis, okuyinto elaqala ukutholwa esiqhingini Ambon e-Indonesia. NgesiGreki igama lisho "njengenundu" ngenxa ukuma imbali, okuyinto ufana butterfly angavamile. Lesi sitshalo has 4-6 amahlamvu siluhlaza, ezimila kusukela axils we umoba imbali kanye izimpande zasemoyeni. Kiddies okusakazwa.
• Cattleya orchid atholakala sezitshalo Brazilian uWilliam Swanson. Igama eyanikezwa umkhaya wesintu, oye wakwazi ukuthola izimbali zawo kuqala ekuphileni abamba ukushisa yakhe. Lesi sitshalo nge izimbali ezinkulu egqamile futhi ngizigxeka kakhulu futhi kudinga kudalwa izimo zakhe umswakama eliphezulu futhi izibani. Ngakho-ke, i-kunakekelwa orchid imfundamakhwela futhi ukufakelwa zazo kudinga isikhathi esengeziwe futhi nakho, asifanele. Kungcono ukuqala nge izinhlobo ngaphansi ezingezwakali.

• Dendrobium - ingenye kwezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu, ezazihlanganisa kusuka 1000 kuya 1400 izinhlobo kanye nzalo ka engadini. Zonke zalesi orchid kungaba inombolo ehlukile izimbali namaqabunga, kodwa Isici esisodwa esifanayo - the isigcebe sembali aphansi lena ezizongolozele kumila imbali. Lona ozithandayo kakhulu phakathi balimi ezihlukahlukene lezi zitshalo, ngoba angadingi banakekelwe futhi blooms kusuka emasontweni amabili kuya kwayisithupha.
• Cumbria - kungcono hybrid, likhule ngqo "Abaphilayo" ekhaya. Ziyakwazi inketho kakhulu Wabasaqalayo abafisa ukuba khona elulwimini lwabo lwasekhaya kwaba orchid imbali ingadi. Ukunakekelwa zitshala yayo sakugcina kakhulu futhi elula. Kuyoba bathokozise umnini walo izimbali zawo ziwukudla izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka.

emakhulwini Ibhalwe izincwadi, okuyinto zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe konke mayelana orchid - ukunakekelwa, ukuthambisa, efaka umquba futhi iyashintshashintsha ezidingekayo ekhaya, ukuze ngisho saqala ungakwazi ukukhokhela i imbali exotic a "iqoqo".

Ama-orchid izimbiza

Ukuze abatshali eziningi imfundamakhwela inkinga lapho izimbiza sikhule orchid. Zitshala futhi anakekele ekhaya kulezi izitshalo ngokuvamile kuxhomeke akhethiwe iziqukathi, Isikhala ayindawo yokufakelwa.

Ngokuvamile, lokhu abathandi imbali bakhetha ukuthenga izinhlobo, inkathi lokuphumula Kuphakathi ezincane noma lumane. Lezi zihlanganisa Cymbidium, coelogyne, Phalaenopsis nezinye. Bona eziqhakaza unyaka wonke, okukuhle ikakhulukazi uma ukubanakekela.

Ukuze orchid abaningi Inhlabathi - kuyindlela kuphela ukuzigcina sesimweni okuqondile, ngakho-ke akufanele ibe "esindayo ngilambatha" ingadi umhlabathi. amamaki Iningi ingxube efanelekayo isihlabathi sifted nge wanezela ubumba, moss, amagxolo, amalahle kanye ukhokho. Konke lokhu kufanele kahle ziyacolwa futhi kuxutshwe. Ungathenga ngomumo eyenziwe inhlabathi ukuxubana orchid.

Ezinye Wabasaqalayo bakholelwa ukuthi uma isitshalo izimpande ezilengayo kusukela kwembiza, kunjalo kuye ngokucophelela, bese uzama kabusha izimbali. ukunakekelwa Orchid futhi kwezitho engesiyo njengoba kunzima njengoba kubonakala, akadingi amathangi amakhulu nje akagcini ekukhuleni kwayo.

Ngo esigabeni sokuqala esikhundleni ebhodweni angaya ezivamile plastic cup, kodwa konke kuncike ubukhulu imbali. Le mfuneko eyinhloko orchid - umhlabathi njalo usemanzi, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka hhayi kuphela amanzi futhi izimbobo ebhodweni, kodwa ugqoko ne amatshe, okumele uthele amanzi njalo.

grade phalaenopsis

Lolu hlobo lwezimbali Asikho isikhathi ukuphumula futhi uyakuthokozela abanikazi izimbali unyaka wonke, kodwa ukuthi sekuyinto impande futhi akujabulela zidinga ezinye umzamo.

• Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba umoya ukuthi sekuqala ukufudumala kuze kufinyelele 25 degrees unyaka wonke. Kodwa blooms kuphela uma kukhona umehluko 5 degrees emkhatsini imini nobusuku okushisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kudala entsha flower efihlekile.
• Okwesibili, sishaye, eyenziwa kanye ngosuku kufanele kube efana inkungu amanzi. Akufanele bavunyelwe ukuhlala amaqabunga lamanzi, kodwa nomswakama ngesikhathi esifanayo ludinga okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ukwakha ke ungasebenzisa ugqoko ne amatshe, okuyinto njalo amanzi. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ibhodwe wayengekho amanzi, futhi phezu kwala matshe, ukuze izimpande abolile.
• Okwesithathu, lapho esekhulile Orchid phalaenopsis, ukunakekelwa, ukufakela simila ngokuvamile kuxhomeke substrate lapho likhula. Kufanele kube esiwuhogelayo, futhi kungaba kuqukathe amagxolo, moss amagwebu izicucu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bomhlaba base kuphela kancane manzi, hhayi wamanziswa ngamazolo nokuncipha lokushisa substrate kungabangela impande bola.
• Okwesine, ukuthambisa kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela kute kungangeni emanti ingena base kwezisekelo lapho iphuzu lakhe ezikhulayo. Kungenzeka ukuba uthele amanzi phezu emaphethelweni ebhodweni.

Lokhu ekhaya ukunakekelwa zama-orchid ukufakelwa akuyona osindayo uma zonke "izimfuno" yalo, kuyoletha injabulo kumniniyo. Ukusincwela njalo endaweni lapho izimbali seziqediwe, isitshalo eyoqala ukuvela efihlekile ezintsha, ukudala unyaka wonke ukuqhakaza wabo.

Zitshala orchid phalaenopsis

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi akakubekezeleli ukubhujiswa substrate kuyinto Phalaenopsis Orchid. Uyabakhathalela ekhaya, zitshala kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela okukhulu futhi kuphela uma:

• imbiza waba mncane ngempela;
• Plexus baqala ukuhlala futhi izimpande efile;
• ukuhluleka substrate iphutha;
• ine ukubukeka qwembe emhlabathini;
• umthamo ubudala iye yawohloka.

Phakathi ukufakelwa simila kumelwe kususwe ngokucophelela kusukela imbiza. Uma kuwukuthi plastic, kungcono sinqume. Roots kufanele adedelwe inhlabathi ubudala, isivuno futhi yomile abolile izinqubo futhi siyakazwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile.

Ibhodlela entsha ukuze uthele substrate fresh, uma sikubeka imbali futhi ngobumnene afafaze phansi zonke izikhala phakathi izimpande. Inhlabathi kancane moisten futhi beka imbiza emthunzini izinsuku ezimbalwa, sekuyinto impande ama-orchid. Ngemva ukunakekelwa ukufakelwa is ogelezayo nokumanzisa of substrate kuze isitshalo angeke amukelwe. Ngemva kwalokho, ungakwazi ulithumele endaweni evamile.

Orchid Cumbria

Njengazo zonke izinhlobo hybrid lwezimbali, Cumbria ezihlukahlukene idinga ukuthambisa efanele kuphela, izinga elidingekayo sokukhanyisa lokushisa air:

• Lesi simila ukhetha okushisa ehlobo esuka +22 ukuba +26, futhi ebusika - kusukela +16 ukuze +18 degrees. Phakathi zom ezidingekile ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi imini nobusuku okushisa kwahluka ningasoze degrees ezingaphezu kuka 5-6.
• Iyiphi indawo engcono kakhulu orchid Cumbria kuyoba iwindi entshonalanga, empumalanga, enyakatho-mpumalanga noma icala langasentla loba ngamawaka, lapho ukukhanya okuningi kodwa akukho elangeni. Lapho lesi sitshalo blooms e ekwindla nasebusika, kubalulekile dosvechivat Fluorescent ukukhanya kwayo.

• Ukunisela ngalesi hybrid ezihlukahlukene kufanele kube ngokulinganisela, kodwa avamile. Akakwazi ukubekezelela amanzi amile, ngakho ethangini kumelwe abe izimbobo, futhi amanzi Ungagcwalisa hhayi kuphela iphansi lalo, kodwa udonga. Ukunisela kuphela emva iphele substrate emva inqubo yangaphambilini.
• Umswakama kufanele kube ngokulinganisela, futhi u-30%, kodwa ngesikhathi izimbali kungenziwa kakhulu anda, okuyinto kungenziwa yokukhiqizela fafaza izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku.
• Ukuvundiswa kumele kwenziwe nge izindlela esikhethekile orchid kanye ngenyanga phakathi ekukhuleni kwayo - kusuka March kuya ku-September. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, ngoba, ngoba zonke unpretentiousness yayo lolu hlobo orchid ungathandi inhlabathi usawoti.

Lokhu kudinga i -orchid Cambria ukunakekelwa. Transplanting kwenziwa uma ibhodwe ayisekho ihlanganise isitshalo, kodwa kuphela esikhathini lokuphumula. Kuze kube yimanje, isuswe ngokucophelela kusukela isitsha ubudala, izimpande wageza nawo esitsheni entsha nge substrate.

Ukunisela futhi efaka umquba orchid

Beginners bavame ukucabanga ukuthi into kuphela edingekayo ukuze bukhule orchid - ukunakekelwa kanye ukufakelwa. Indlela nisela kahle izimbali, kubalulekile ukwazi. Ingxenye enkulu yale ndawo incike uhlobo isitshalo. Abanye bathanda uyophuziswa uma substrate yabo ayikahlanganiswa omisiwe ngokuphelele, futhi enye, ukuthi wawusomile.

Kodwa iningi orchid ekhaya uthanda inhlabathi usemanzi, ngakho uma ukuchelela kufanele bacabangele umswakama sishaye eyenziwa nsuku zonke. Lapho isikhule ukunakekelwa orchid, ukufakelwa (Photo kubonisa lokhu) kumele sihambisane ukuthambisa ngokulinganisela. Uma okwesikhashana lesi sithombo singakhiqiza ukumelana inhlabathi eyomile, nomswakama kubangela impande ukubola, okungase kuholele ukuwa yayo.

Amanzi ukunisela kufanele kube soft, kungani ngidinga ukuvikela noma ubilise futhi. Desirably, izinga lokushisa kwaba degrees ambalwa kunakwezinye emoyeni. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, ama-orchid ziniselwa izikhathi 3 ngesonto, kuyilapho ebusika, nje kabili.

Ukuze izimbali etshalwe izimbiza, ukuthambisa Kwenziwa zivela phezulu, njengoba uma izitshalo obhasikidi noma amabhokisi, afakwa esitsheni amanzi imizuzu emihlanu, khona-ke ukuvumela sokukhipha umswakama ngokweqile.

Efaka umquba zonke zama-orchid wenziwa kanye kuphela ngenyanga ngesikhathi sokukhula asebenzayo. Ukuvimbela i-salinization of substrate, kuyinto efiselekayo alternate ke lapho ziwashwa yakhe. Awukwazi zalisa ikhona imbali ebusika futhi esikhathini lokuphumula, kanye ukusetshenziswa umquba amaminerali eyenzelwe eminye imibala.

Endabeni orchid kubo kangcono underfeeding kuka ukulimaza sigqoka ngokweqile.

Ukusikwa futhi ukukhanyisa

Into esemqoka okudinga umnikazi orchid - ukunakekelwa kanye ukufakelwa (uma kunesidingo). Nokho, ukusikwa sithinta kokubili ekukhuleni kwayo futhi zezimbali. Kulabo izitshalo ukuthi awazi kwesikhathi lokuphumula, kumelwe kwenziwe ngaso sonke isikhathi buphela. Ngemva izimbali ewa, le ngxenye lesi sitshalo ukusika, inkanuko yona yakha efihlekile ezintsha kule axils ihlamvu.

Kuye izinhlobonhlobo orchid kungenziwa usike ngeziqu ngokuphelele noma nje ingxenye lapho ukuqhakaza. Kuye ubude bayo kuso njalo kusukela 3 kuya 5 "ithule" izinso. Uma Imi we peduncle kubo, ke kuyothuthukisa entsha imbali ukubeka eceleni ingane.

Lapho umbuzo uwukuthi ngalokho kufanele sibe Ukusabalala lwezimbali, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kungakhathaliseki uhlobo bengakuthandi ngqo kwelanga. Ukukhanya kufanele kube liqhakazile, kodwa udlulele. Uma ishoda, imbali kuzonikeza lolu isignali ushintsho kombala ukuze umbala okhanyayo green. Uma isikhathi engathathi sinyathelo, bona uzoqala phuzi futhi edonsa, ezama "nesi- nyathelo 'emhlabeni. Kwanele ukuhambisa imbali, ngakho wabuyela evamile.

Esikhathini kusuka March kuya September-October sesibonile orchid ezikhulayo inkathi, ngakho-ke kuthatha eningi ukukhanya, kodwa ohlangothini libalele ewindini pritenyat kangcono. Ngo ekwindla nasebusika, kunalokho, kuziwa ukuthula, kodwa ovuthiwe efihlekile ezintsha futhi amahlumela, ukuze bakwazi zinde amahora imini ngosizo izibani Fluorescent, eyilethe edingekayo amahora 12.

Izifo kanye izinambuzane

Ngokuvamile, uma kahle wanakekela ama-orchid aziguli, kodwa uma ehlelekile ihlukumeza izimiso, kungaholela nemiphumela eyinhlekelele. Ngokwesibonelo, kungase kubangele izinkinga ezifana:

• Ukunganaki amaqabunga, okuyinto okuvame ukubangelwa ukulimala izimpande. Kuyadingeka ukuba uhlole isimo sabo futhi ususe ngokucophelela izimpande ezilimele.
• Amahlamvu anganika ufa at the ushintsho ngokushesha lokushisa, ikakhulukazi emva ukuchelela.
• imisebe Solar zisetshenziswa zokushiswa isitshalo, okuholela ukubukeka namabala amnyama, izimbobo, futhi neziqu ezihlukahlukene.
• Amahlamvu ziqala ukuncipha futhi ukubola, imbangela okungaba izibungu othambile axazulule phakathi rosettes, noma yizimbuzane, esehlanganise Ubulembu yayo silvery zangaphakathi yabo. Ukuze balahle kubo, udinga ukusebenzisa acaricide ekhethekile.
• Uma imbali isidlulile sikhule futhi yokuqhuma, kufanele uhlole ingaphakathi amaqabunga, lapho bangakwazi ukuphila nematodes adla ayo yayo. Enough ukusingatha nematicides isitshalo, ukuyibuyisa ekuphileni.

Uma wenza kanjalo konke uhlobo ekhethiwe izimfuneko orchid ukunakekelwa ke lezi zinkinga zibe khona zigwenywe.

orchid ezinezimbali

Uma imfundamakhwela orchid iqhakazile, ngakho waphenduka pro, ngakho indlela ukuze uthole umusa wakhe kunzima kakhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kumele ngokuqinile sivumelane nazo zonke izimfuneko ukunakekelwa isitshalo ezingezwakali. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lezi zimbali sebeqala eziqhakaza kusukela ngineminyaka engu-iminyaka engaba mibili.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele bakhuthazwe, okuyiwona kubalulekile ukugcina umbuso ukukhanya, okwakusho kwezinhlobo eziningi kuba amahora angu-12. Udinga ukwakha phakathi ngibopha 5-7 degrees emkhatsini imini nobusuku lokushisa emoyeni.

Njengendlela yokugcina, ungasebenzisa ushintsho imvelo evamile, isibonelo, uyibambe ambalwa amasonto lokushisa 16 noma yeqa ukuthambisa. kwezimo ezimbi pose zama-orchid iqhakazile. Uyabakhathalela emva zom, ukufakelwa (uma kunesidingo) ilula. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka lokuphumula do izihlahla imbali Isiqu futhi uhambisane nezidingo eziyisisekelo ukunisela, izinga lokushisa umoya nokukhanya.