"Russobalt" imoto: umlando umkhiqizo futhi imodeli yefoni. Izimoto "Russo-Balt": Ukucaciswa, izibuyekezo abanikazi

Futhi niyazi ukuthi kwaba imoto yokuqala Russian? Abaningi ngisho nokuwabona. Lamuhla sitawubuka sha yezimoto "Russobalt", okungase ngokuthi iphayona we Russian imoto umkhakha kweqiniso.

prehistory

Imoto yokuqala nge injini omlilo wafika endaweni Empire Russian e ezikude 1891. Kwakuwusuku imoto ngokuqinile French "Panhard Levassor." Kwakungesale umhleli "Odessa iGazethi" Vasiliyu Navrotskomu.

Petersburg, imoto yokuqala uvele 1895, futhi eMoscow - 1899.

Izimoto zokuqala ukukhiqiza eyakhelwe eMbusweni isiRashiya, kwaba umfuziselo Frese futhi Yakovlev wethulwa emphakathini ngo-1896. Kodwa lokhu imoto ayibangelwa isithakazelo emibuthanweni olusemthethweni.

Engine kanye ne-transmission enziwa ifektri Yakovlev, chassis namasondo wenza efektri Frese. Bobabili imodeli ngaphandle futhi ngokwakhayo sifana kakhulu imoto Benz. Noma kunjalo, amathemba imishini babe. Kuleli qophelo akwaziwa ukuthi zingaki lezi izimoto zavezwa, kodwa indaba kwaba esifushane kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ku 1898, Evgeny Yakovlev wafa. Okokuqala, umlingani wakhe uPetru Frese wathenga motors phesheya, kodwa ke benquma ukuthengisa amandla aso Russian-Baltic carload endaweni yokukhanda. Ngalesi ibhizinisi ayizange izimoto kuphela, kodwa futhi inqubo yasemakhaya, kanye ezindizeni izinjini kaphalafini. Lesi sitshalo lalilikhulu kakhulu futhi kwadingeka amahhovisi ayo emadolobheni ahlukene: Riga, Tver, Petersburg kamuva eMoscow eTaganrog.

Leyo mikhumbi lokuqala

umnyango Road zalesi sihlahla ezakhiwe 1908 eRiga. Futhi vele izimoto zokuqala "Russobalt" yavela kuyi-May ngonyaka ozayo. Imoto sidalwe i-prototype engaziwa lemibuthano ezibanzi imodeli Belgian "isiKhwama". Ngaphakathi dalo of inguqulo isiRashiya kwakuwulimi umklami Belgian Zhalen Potter. ochwepheshe Domestic, okungukuthi Ivan Fryazinovsky futhi Dmitry Bondarev futhi benza umnikelo eside ekuthuthukiseni imoto. umsebenzi esihlelwe we Trika abaklami kwaholela ukukhululwa yochungechunge oluthile lwezinto ezenzeke imishini. Lalinama izimoto - B-12, C-24 kanye no-E-15 - nempahla - T-40, M-24, D-24 - izimoto. Imodeli ethandwa kakhulu seluthole C-24. Yilokho zaba 55% udaba.

Car "Russo-Balt": Ukwamukelwa

Leyo mikhumbi ezikhishwe enqoleni kwemboni, amandla ehlukene kanye nokwethembeka. Baye bahlanganyela imincintiswano ehlukahlukene international: Rally futhi Ukukhuthazela. Ngo Monte Carlo futhi San Sebastian babephakathi okungcono. Ekhuluma ukuthembeka imishini, njalo ukukhunjulwa njengombulali ikhophi eyodwa C-24, ngo-1910, udaba wakwazi ukushayela 80,000 amakhilomitha ngaphandle umonakalo. Ngaleso sikhathi kwaba impumelelo Amazing futhi wonke embonini yezimoto brand "Russobalt".

Imoto etholakele ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu - egalaji imperial ngo-1913, izimoto ezimbili umgibeli RBVZ bummed. Eyokuqala wabo wenziwe imodeli umsindo C-24, kanti eyesibili - K-12. 64% imikhiqizo sitshalo lalifundwa ibutho Russian. Machines bezinezidingo ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabasebenzi izikhulu kanye odokotela. By the way, babe imodeli in the chassis zazo efakwe emzimbeni zempi.

Izici ukukhiqizwa

Car "Russo-Balt", isithombe okuyinto zivuse umuzwa nokuziqhenya, waba ukwakhiwa elula, eyisidlakela. imininingwane eyisisekelo, njengokuthi: i crankcase, amasilinda, ukudluliswa, yathululela aluminium. Izungezisa izingxenye: amasondo igiya namagiya - bafakwa ibhola amabombo. Iyunithi ekubunjweni isilinda kanye gimmick futhi isetshenziswa kuphela ku-onobuhle C-24 futhi-K-12 - Flagship onobuhle "Russobalt".

Le moto ngobuningi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinto emotweni eyodwa party babe nezilandiso ngokuphelele. Futhi phakathi kwezinhlangano uhlobo olufanayo kungaba umehluko omkhulu: inani omoya, amandla enjini, le wheelbase, umklamo izingxenye ngabanye. Amapharamitha yejeyomethri kulinganiswa esikhula ezingxenyeni ezithile zesimiso imethrikhi. Cishe zonke izimoto benziwa ngqo imboni nqola. Ohlangothini kwadingeka ukuthenga ibhola amabombo, uwoyela ingcindezi Izikali bese siphelelwa.

Cartwright neminyango bobabili Petersburg Riga. Ngamunye wabo emizimbeni onobuhle ezithile kukhiqizwa. Umzimba "Russo-Balt" babenegunya zokuguqulwa: Limousines ivaliwe, namakalishi evulekile, ethandwa phakathi baseYurophu Landau, torpedoes cigar emise nabanye. Embukisweni ngo-1910, owawuse-St Petersburg, carload ifektri usanda kwethula onobuhle ezinhlanu. Ngemva konyaka, kwakukhona kakade eziyisithupha.

Izwe amaSoviet, ngokusobala, izimoto ayizange kudingeka. Ngakho-ke, ukukhululwa kwabo kancane kancane lehla ngokushesha, kanti ngo-1926 wayeka ngokuphelele. Futhi ezimbonini yaphelela ezishintshiwe ngemboni ukuzivikela.

Ake sihlole kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini okumelwe akhishwe yiNkampani, "Russo-Balt" izimoto. Imininingwane isisiza kanjani kuleli.

"Russo-Balt" K-12

Izimoto-K-12/20 uchungechunge V, eyakhululwa ngo-1911, waba okukhipha esiphezulu 20 amahhashi, okuboniswe esihlokweni. Ngo-1913 kwabonakala sengathi uchungechunge elilandelayo - XI, amandla lawo bekungelegolide kakade 24 amalitha. a. Umshini ibizwa ngokuthi, ngokulandelana - K-12/24. Phakathi izici zalesi imodeli yilezi:

- amasilinda waphonsa iyunithi ezivamile;

- ilungiselelo eyodwa emaceleni we valve;

- thermosiphon ukupholisa uhlelo.

Transmission efakwe ngokuhlukile injini, futhi torque adluliselwa lamasondo angemuva nge umphini bendiza. Imoto enesisindo mayelana 1200 kg, ngakho iziphethu ezingemuva babe ¾-okweqanda kunokuba semielliptical. Early uchungechunge wheelbase kuyinto 2655 mm, futhi ngasekupheleni - 2855 mm.

Model-K-12 avame oyithengele ukuyisebenzisela ubuwena, ngoba kwaba eshibhe phakathi izimoto kweqa isitshalo. Noma kunjalo, abantu abacebile ngokuvamile ngakhetha uHelen. Ungakwazi ukusho abantu abambalwa wavelela kubo bonke abanikazi-K-12 e-landole umzimba: Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich, Prince Borisa Golitsyna, Bala Sergei Witte, usozimboni Eduarda Nobelya.

Sekukonke, lesi sitshalo ekhiqizwa 141 ikhophi imoto ka-K-12. Bakhandwa okwethulwa ezinhlanu chungechunge. Izimfanelo V-Series 1911:

- motor - okusemgqeni, 4 cylinder, 2.2 litre, nge phansi valve;

- umthamo - 12 hp at 1500 ngomzuzu;

- PPC - mechanical, zibe izigaba ezintathu;

- Uhlaka - a Spar;

- amabhuleki - sigubhu, bakhulise;

- ukumiswa - entwasahlobo, engaphansi;

- isivinini - 50 km / h;

- umzimba - evulekile, 4 enezihlalo.

"Rousseau-Balt" C-24

Eqolo ugibele imoto imodeli kwaba RBVZ C-24, okuyinto yadalwa kuze 1918. Izimoto nge esihlalweni-6 umzimba kabanzi phakathi kwabasebenzi zikhulu ibutho Russian. On lokubikezela yayo igiya setha kanye nezinye umzimba: yamahhashi double, Limousines ukunethezeka landole. Kwakukhona ngisho version ingxenye-ithrekhi ebusika - sledge-imoto. Isici esiyinhloko kule moto - injini. yabalingisi wayo amasilinda e amabhlogo amabili, kanye valve (engezansi) ahlelwe nhlangothi zombili uMbhalo. Amanzi elasakazwa ngohlelo ukupholisa usebenzisa futha centrifugal. Ngemuva phakathi iziphethu, elise uphethiloli ithangi, okuyindawo fuel is fed gumbi injini ingcindezi qeda gas. Ukugibela phezu cobblestones kanye primer ngokunethezeka, ukumiswa ezingemuva lalinabashumayeli ezintathu oxhumene semi okweqanda leaf iziphethu amabili longitudinal futhi omunye transverse. Kuye uhlobo isisindo imoto ndikimba 1540-1950 kg.

Imodeli iza ayisishiyagalolunye iziqephu, ngamunye okwakukhona ungcono zokugcina. Ngo-1912, le mboni ishiywe carburetor wakhe, eqala ukuba efakwe C-24 carburetor French "Zenith". Lokhu, kanye ushintsho iphrofayili uMbhalo cam, bavunyelwe ukukhulisa amandla ukalwe kusuka 30 kuya 35 amahhashi. Ngawo lowo nyaka, i-wheelbase iye yinde kusuka 3160 kuya 3165 mm. Ngo-1913, amandla izimoto futhi kunyuke ngo ekusebenziseni 4-gearbox.

It wadedelwa 347 onobuhle C-24 eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye. 285 zazinobuso evulekile umzimba dash. Insali cishe ngokulinganayo basakaza phakathi Limousines, kanye tropicbirds kabili landole. Yilokho kwaba Flagship "Russo-Balt" - imoto umnikazi Izibuyekezo waphawula ukuthi ngokuyinhloko linokwethenjelwa futhi kalula abebeziphilisa ngako.

umqondo Impression

Izimoto kweqa isitshalo ungazange sekulibalekile, futhi muva nje kuvele umzamo ukuze ngivuselele "Russo-Balt". Imoto, omlando wakhe kuyinto ngisho esifushane kuka legend of ihlobenenamanye wakudala Russian imoto umkhakha, ngakho kukhona isifiso ukuyibuyisa. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-21 brand ekhulwini is owned by A: Level. Ngo-2002 kwathiwa uqambe YeRussia Baltigue. Ngo-2006-ke laqanjwa nomqondo Impression, okuyinto iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni inkampani German-German Gerg GmbH. Bahlele ukuyisa ukukhiqiza izimoto 15 kuphela ngonyaka azidayisele abaqoqi. Nokho, umqondo engavamile cishe akekho ozokwazi wehluleka isithakazelo, futhi kukhiqizwe curdled.

Model for the tuple

Emva kwemizamo ukuvuseleleka ngo-2006, i-brand "Russo-Balt" kabusha ukukhuluma. Ngo-2013, kwahlongozwa ukuze usethe ukukhiqizwa onobuhle okukhethekile inhlabaluhide kamongameli. Lokhu kuzakwenza ukuthi ngincome brand omkhulu, "Russo-Balt". Car 2013 esasinayo ngokuphinde sihlangane emsamo "-Rolls-Royce Phantom." Ngeshwa, le phrojekthi ayizange waqaphela kube yilolu suku.

isiphetho

Ngakho siyazi ukuthi "Russo-Balt" (imoto). Ukubuyekezwa kwe onobuhle, Ukucaciswa nochwepheshe imicabango yabantu kusisize ukuba unikeze ukuhlolwa ephelele kunayo ngowokuqala Russian Uphawu lezimoto. I isihawu owokuthi ukuyibiza imoto Russian kanzima ngempela. Phela, yayakhiwe ngokuvumelana prototype imodeli waseBelgium. Nokho, ngaphandle kwemisebenzi Abaklami zendawo, mhlawumbe, umhlaba ubungeke yini abaye bafunda ngalowo sha 'Russobalt ". Imoto nakanjani kudingeka siyinake, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi wayesabusa ukukhumbuza zalo.