GDR izimoto hereon

umkhakha Izithuthi matasa ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II eyayiyingxenye yeJalimane babevela okuhle. GDR noma German Democratic Republic, kwakungelona izwe luyingxenye nezokulima. Kwakukhona nezitshalo eliyifa zezimboni njengoba Auto Union, igatsha BMW kanye nezinkampani eziningana ezincane. onjiniyela German ukunqamula i bafundelwa izikole efanayo, ngakho base kuyisayensi nakwezezimboni yezwe kwaba ezingeni eliphezulu. Kuyini ekugcineni thina bamangaliswa embonini yezimoto sase-GDR?

Ipaki izimoto imoto GDR

GDR izimoto kwahluka ezihlukahlukene ezinhle. Uveza kufinyeleleke futhi yibo bonke, "Trabant", "eWartburg", EMW, "Horch", "eZwickau" futhi DKV. imphawu letibalulekile izimoto ezithwala wengxenye yaseSoviet yokuthuthela eJalimane kanje:

• phambili isondo design;
• ezimbili-unhlangothi injini;
• umzimba ukonga duroplastic (ikakhulukazi);
• umumo elula olunzima emzimbeni.

Izinkampani eziningi ngemva division of Germany aye ahlanganiswa namanye zibe munye imoto eliyifa esikhulu ngokuthi IFA ( "IFA"). Ngokuvamile kwakusho IFA amaloli. Imodeli eyaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwawo - W50L - yayidumile kakhulu futhi kwadingeka igama othandwayo "Ellie".

Ake sihlole kabanzi GDR izimoto, ukuhlela kabusha, kanye nesikhathi phakathi bekene ikhishwe.

DKW - imoto German

Umlando waleli inkampani uqalise nge encane injini ngebhayisikili. Phakathi kwempi yezwe yesibili ifektri ukukhiqizwa lempi usumisiwe. Kodwa kumnikazi wenkampani wakwazi ukuba ame isibindi futhi unakekele ukuthuthukiswa injini namandla kakhulu ngemali ephansi. Nganginomuzwa wokuthi ukwakha imoto esingase sikuvulele cishe wonke umuntu.

imodeli DKW-F1 wadedelwa ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi. Kwakuyisikhathi cylinder ezimbili, imoto umoya selehlile. Kube sokumiswa ezimele futhi njalo Isivinini amalunga omzimba noma njalo Isivinini amalunga omzimba. "Imoto sase-GDR" - ukuthi lungase lubizwe ngokuthi imodeli DKW-F8. Ngaphezu kwalokho kwaba modelc le F9, okuyinto yenziwa umzimba, ngisho combo. Ngoba bonke laba imishini design phambili isondo nomoya-selehlile amandla Phiko ejwayelekile.

Lesi sitshalo, okuyinto wahamba ukukhulula DKV, elise eZwickau futhi Eisenach. Ukunamathela ezintweni imishini brand F8 futhi F9 onobuhle kwaba IFA. It wakhuluma ubulungu bayo e-United iqembu yezimoto sase-GDR.

"EZwickau AWZ P70"

Ukulandela ukuthuthukiswa DHQ babe "eZwickau". DuropLAS T - esikhundleni plywood umzimba embozwe mbumbulu lesikhumba, plastic isetjentiswe. Lena esilungele ukwakha Ukwakheka esiyinhlanganisela a resin phenolic nge izithasiselo ukotini feathering. Ngenxa kalula ukukhiqiza, kalula futhi amandla eyisihlobo impahla ngokushesha yatha- imvelo isabelomali imoto.

Just like esasisandulele DKW-F8, "eZwickau" kwadingeka injini transverse. Sekube amanzi Ukupholisa ngomoya kanye imoto isimiso sikagesi kuyinto 12 volts. Gearbox kwaba ezintathu isigaba. Of design izici Kumele kuqashelwe intambo igiya. Ugijimela kwesokudla ngokusebenzisa Ukupholisa kurediyetha. Izimoto sase-GDR, izici lobuchwepheshe okungase kusimangaze, ephoqa ngizibuke namuhla.

AWZ P70 imoto off the line ukukhiqizwa ngo-1955 futhi kwadingeka abathile amaphutha. Ikakhulukazi, ukufinyelela egumbini imithwalo, izihlalo ezingemuva ziye kwehlisa kunesidingo. Kwakukhona lingenamafasitela kucwila ohlangothini. Ngemva konyaka uvele okufushane combi, eyayintula ukuqalisa enkulu nophahla ukukhanya eyenziwe ukushisa namakhaza zokwenziwa lesikhumba. imodeli ezemidlalo Okuningi wakhululwa ngemva konyaka, eyayintula umzimba kakhulu kabusha, kodwa indinganiso le mishini injini.

Ethandwa "Trabant"

Trabant e izindlela German "Sputnik". Ukukhululwa kule moto lwezinhlangano ezingathandwa ezibhekwa wethulwa 1957, lapho isathelayithi lokuqala Soviet wethulwa emkhathini. Inombolo ephelele izimoto, eshicilelwe ngaphansi kwegama "Trabant", kuhlanganise P70 ngaphambili, kudlulwe 3 million. Le brand imoto sase-GDR sasifanekisela yangempela yezwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi behlukumeza "Trabi", futhi ngibonga kule umshini inqwaba abantu abakwazanga 'bame besinamavili. " Ngakho, yayiyini nale moto?

Just like esasisandulele "eZwickau P70", "P50 Trabant" (kanye nenguqulo P60 futhi P601) kwadingeka umzimba duroplastovy ku lwamathambo metal. Amandla iyunithi kwaba umthamo ezimbili ngomvimbo 26 amalitha. a. futhi waba umthamo 0.5 noma 0.6 litre. Engine Ukubandisa kwaba ngendiza. Okokhelekayo kuya carburetor amandla adonsela phansi etholakele uphethiloli, okuyinto etholakala lapha, egumbini engine. kamuva Chadyaschie injini baba embi kakhulu. Ngenxa kuye ngesikhathi "Trabi" kwaba isidlaliso - ". Quadruple isithuthuthu isigqoko jikelele"

I ukumiswa front futhi bakhulise babe ezimele. Ikhipha ke senziwa iziphethu transverse. Eqondile eziqondisa igiya kwenziwa sibonga igiya yokubeka. Ingxenye imoto, eyenzelwe abantu abakhubazekile, abe-gearbox semi-automatic. Transmission isebenze ngesandla umshayeli kanye bamba kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusebenzisa nomhlangano okhethekile electromechanical.

Ngo-1988, i- "Trabant" Khuphula izinga le imodeli P1.1. The main ushintsho - injini entsha kusuka WV Polo nomthamo 41 amalitha. a. kanye ivolumu zokusebenza 1.1 amalitha. Ngaphandle Sedan zakudala, Trabant yadalwa ngezinsuku zenqola esiteshini. Kwakukhona futhi eyisibonelo Trump evulekile wezempi futhi abazingeli. Izimoto ezithwala sase-GDR, umlando kokudaliweyo ithuthukiswe kanye umkhakha, kukhona eziseduze labantu. "Trabi" - omunye walabo izimoto.

"EWartburg" kusukela GDR

Mark sase-GDR "eWartburg" imoto - yesibili edume kakhulu ngemva 'Trabant ". Lezi izimoto bekarhenyiswe simila e Eisenach ngaphezulu kusukela 1956. Isisekelo imoto wakhonza khona njengenceku "IFA F9" noma DKW F9, eyayibonakala esikhishwe ngaphambili. Model ukuqokwa kwaba eWartburg 311. Ngokungafani "Trabant" futhi esasisandulele, "eWartburg" kwadingeka metal ngaphezulu design. Umzimba kwakubangelwa kakhulu kulokho emotweni lalibanzi okuningi.

Amandla iyunithi 311 eWartburg kwaba 3 cylinder ezimbili-unhlangothi. Jwayelekile Lubrication uhlelo namanje engakaze yasungulwa. Ngakho-ke, kusukela intuthu qeda kwaba umsindo othize futhi ehlukile isithuthuthu lezwakala lapho injini isebenza. Futhi, ngokungafani Trabant, "eWartburg" waba Ukupholisa amanzi. Izinzuzo imodeli kuzomele sifake sasivumela yesimanje kulabo iminyaka bheka.

Ngo-1965, i- "eWartburg" kungokoqobo sesimanje. Kuye kakhulu kabusha umzimba. umugqa Round kancane kancane indawo eqondile. Ukuguqulwa iye olunezinombolo 353. Esibanzi isiqu evulekile onobuhle nakakhulu siguqulwe enqoleni iveni. Ukubukeka imoto into efuze leyo eSoviet Vaz-2101. Ububi eyinhloko imodeli kwaba okufanayo 2-unhlangothi injini. ukukhiqizwa yabadobi kwenza "eWartburg" ezibizayo, ngokungafani kuya okufanayo "Trabi". Kukhokonke, kodwa-intengo yayitholakala, nemoto yakhe akhishwe ngempumelelo emazweni angomakhelwane.

ukulungiswa Kugcine "eWartburg 'kwenzeka ngo-1988. Khona-ke imoto ithole inombolo 1.3 ngathola motor evamile kusuka WV Polo ivolumu 1.3 amalitha. Nokho, igebe jikelele zobuchwepheshe bekulokhu eqinile, futhi ngo-1991 lesi sitshalo yathengwa uphuma Opel. EWartburg namuhla, njengoba kwenza bonke abanye sase-GDR izimoto - a rarity.

Soviet BMW

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ensimini ka German Soviet (noma eMpumalanga Jalimane) kwaba ifektri BMW ezaziwayo. Hlobo luni izimoto ezikhiqizwa e-isitshalo, nayo uhulumeni? Ngokushesha ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II lapho enziwa BMW 321 kanye BMW 327. Imodeli yakamuva kuyinto Classic ezemidlalo imoto ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuze ukubukeka impela sangaphandle umshini wafihla 6 cylinder futhi cishe 2-litre engine. Okokhelekayo ingena injini 2 carburetors. 327 imodeli Ingasheshisa ukuba 125 km / h.

Ngemva ekusungulweni GDR zisebenzisa brand BMW isibe engenakwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, livele ukuqokwa - ". Le Eisenach Motor Works" EMW, okuyinto elihunyushwe ngokuthi Futhi isibonelo sokuqala inkampani entsha ngo-1949, baba EMW 340. Lase kabusha BMW 326 futhi, eqinisweni, owokuqala siqu imoto sase-GDR. Ngokuphelele kabusha umzimba, kusale powerplant cishe enjalo. Manje imoto uzosinda eziyisihlanu kuzo. Torque singezelelwe ukuba 4200 rev. / Min. Nokho, ngenxa mass enkulu ijubane ibihamba esingaphansi - 120 km / h.

3 ukhiqiza ukulungiswa EMW 340: sedan, esiteshini enqoleni noma inqola combi futhi okuyinto ezenziwe ngokhuni. Imoto wasetshenziswa kakhulu ngawo amasevisi kazwelonke ezifana amaphoyisa, izibhedlela kanye ejenti kahulumeni. Iningi izimoto behileleka namuhla retrovystavkah futhi awukuphila kuhle asebenzayo. izixazululo eziningi lobuchwepheshe ziye zasetshenziswa EMW bese obusingethwe "eWartburg 311". Real GDR izimoto, izithombe, incazelo zazo zingatholakala kulesi sihloko namuhla - rarities yangempela.

Izimoto for iringi uhlanga - "Melkus RS1000"

Sikhuluma emotweni yomjaho kusukela German Democratic Republic, okuyinto eqoqwe workshop encane ngaphansi kokuqondisa Heinz Melkusa. Le ndoda yayihlale i okhuthele racer indandatho. Waqale ivule isikole zokushayela, ngemva kwayo kwaba khona umbono ukuqoqa ngesisekelo "eWartburg" izimoto engahlelekile.

Ngo-1959 kwafika ezemidlalo okufana lokuqala Melkusa. Igama imodeli wawulula: "Melkus-eWartburg". Ngo-1968 waqala umsebenzi emzimbeni ngesimo kwezemidlalo Coupe kusukela fiberglass. Le modeli eqala uhlobo Gull-iphiko iminyango. Njengoba amandla iyunithi esetshenziswa 70 noma 90 amahhashi motor emqulwini 1-1.2 amalitha. Siyabonga kuye, imoto uhlanga akwazi ukuxoxa ngesivinini kuze kufinyelele 165 km / h (I-9 imizuzwana 100 km / h). Lokhu ukuguqulwa yakhethwa Melkus RS1000. amakhophi angaba ngu-100 kuphela zavezwa. Ngeshwa, ngemva kokufa Heinz ukuba baqhubeke nomsebenzi ekwenzeni izimoto ezemidlalo akwenzekanga.

Zonke-wheel drive imoto sase-GDR

GDR izimoto abakwazanga ngiziqhayise cross, nakuba kwakunabamemezeli real wonke-wheel drive (4 × 4) imishini, ezingalotshwanga basakaza. Ngowokuqala ngqa kwaba "Horch". Ngaphandle-ke kwaba Horch 901, kodwa igama kwakuhlukile - HK1. Kube ukukhwezwa V-uhlobo injini, eyayintula 80 l. a. ngesikhathi ivolumu 3.6 amalitha.

Eyesibili ezine-wheel drive izimoto zavezwa egatsheni yangaphambili BMW e Eisenach. igama Main - P1, kodwa kube nezinye izinketho: EMW 325/3, KFZ 3. Ngemoto waba 2 litre 6 cylinder amandla iyunithi 55 amalitha. a. Ngaphambi isitshalo kabusha ngokuphelele ngaphansi "eWartburg", nikwenzile mayelana 160 izingcezu P1.

Uhlelo oluyisisekelo oluthi ezine-wheel drive imodeli, GDR ayebhekwa njengengxenye P2. It yadalwa ku imfihlo "Into 37" ngesikhathi kusuka 1955 kuya ku-1958. amayunithi mayelana 1,800 zavezwa phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ngaphandle, imoto kwaba Homely kakhulu. indiza Angular yomzimba bebelokhu mhlawumbe ukuthi ezishibhile ukukhiqiza. Kodwa lokhu ukubukeka ukufihla enamandla 6-cylinder ka 2.4 litre umthamo at 65 amalitha. a. futhi base iDemo-ezidonsa.

Ukuthuthukiswa sokugcina GDR Abaklami isibe P3 imodeli. Ground imvume isibe nakakhulu - 330 mm. Inombolo imoto "amahhashi" lenyuka kuya kwangu-75 Futhi baba ukubukeka lemukelekako zomzimba. Lapha kwakukhona inhlukano-4 isivinini kanye 2-ijubane ukudluliswa icala. Ungase ukukhiya umehluko isikhungo.

iloli Ukukhanya "Barkas"

Izimoto sase-GDR, eyayintula isiqu brand IFA empeleni babe imikhiqizo yezinkampani ezahlukene. Omunye ezimotweni eyaziwa namaloli ukukhanya kukhona "Qalisa". Ababili-unhlangothi injini "eWartburg" akuyona neze ikhambi best. Kulokhu, "Barkas" kwadingeka ukumiswa labatimele torque ngoba ngamunye wesondo. Ngenxa phambi-wheel drive gumbi phansi ezimotweni kwaba bengahlonishwa kakhulu. Lokhu kunezela abalulekile isikhala elingaphakathi.

3-cylinder ephethe umthamo we 1 ilitha clocked imoto ize ifike abantu 8 kuya ku-100 km / h. I inguqulo yokuqala "Longboat" kwaba isiqu V 901/2 besele nge ngokuhambisa side umnyango. He khiqiza imoto anjalo esikhathini iminyaka 1951-1957.

Ngemva kokulungiswa lapha nalaphaya babe izimoto nge injini kusuka IL: "Moskvich 412". Lokhu isampula okuthiwa Barkas B1000. Kamuva, ngo-1989, le "Qalisa" efakiwe udizili 4-stroke motor kusukela WV. ngaleyo ndlela imodeli Inkomba washintsha ukuze B1000-1.

Kumila eyinhloko "Longboat B1000" wathola inqwaba specialisation. Lapha kukhona nalawa:

• Microbus;
• izimoto i-ambulense,
• izinjini umlilo;
• izimoto i yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule;
• ezimotweni ukushisa namakhaza.

GDR izimoto "Barkas" babe nomsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha. Ukuze sonke isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwayo it wadedelwa amayunithi cishe 180 000.

Amaloli "IFA"

Ukuze inkulumo ethi "iloli" ELISA "kunzima ukubona ubulungu imoto ethize ukuze umuntu ngokuqondile. Ngesinye isikhathi kwaba nokudideka okukhulu, kodwa ekugcineni IFA iloli kubhekwa W50L imoto ngegama kazwelonke" Ellie ". Le ncwadi W esihlokweni libhekisela edolobheni lapho yakhelwe kule moto - Werdau incwadi L -. idolobha lapho kukhiqizwa -. inombolo 50 Ludwigsfelde uthi iloli okuthwala quintals 50, noma 5 wamathani.

IFA W50L kwadingeka amandla udizili ibutho lokuqala nge 110 amalitha. s, futhi ngemva ukuguqulwa -. 125 amalitha. a. Uveza lenqwaba Ukucaciswa weloli. Kube uqinisekile babe izicishamlilo, Cranes, alahle amaloli, imishini yokumba. I isithombe yeloli lamasosha sase-GDR angase nawo ukuboniswa ncamashi W50L.

Truck "Ellie" bayindlala kakhulu futhi lithandwa kakhulu hhayi kuphela eMpumalanga Jalimane, kodwa futhi phesheya. I-USSR futhi uye wasebenzisa Ushintshe iloli iloli flatbed. Phezu kwawo wonke nenkathi yeminyaka engu-25 kusukela elihambayo owehla amayunithi ezingaphezu kuka-570 eziyinkulungwane.

Amaloli "Robur"

"Robur" kuyinto amaloli naphakathi emsebenzini ekhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1961 edolobheni Zittau. LO Model 2500 kungaba ukuthwala 2.5 amathani Inkokhelo. Kwakukhona futhi esebenzisa udizili okufushane LD 2500 futhi wonke-wheel drive okufushane lempi LO 1800a, owathatha wezimpahla of 1,800 kg.

Ngo-1973 kwaba khona ukuguqulwa bebheke okwandisa umthamo esithwele. Manje imoto udizili ephakanyiswe amathani 2.6 nophethiloli - 3 no 2 amathani. Powertrains unamandla ngaphezulu. 75 "amahhashi" babé uphethiloli "Robur" futhi 70 - udizili. Cab ayizange ithuthuke futhi nalo lungaphansi abantu abangu-3.

Imoto sasingeyona ethandwa njengoba IFA W50L, futhi phakathi nawo-70s waqala zibuye ziphelelwe isikhathi. Cishe zonke wezimpahla GDR izimoto, izithombe zazo kungabonakala kulesi sihloko, has a amafomu alula emincane. Kodwa igebe main kwaba Yiqiniso, lobuchwepheshe.

Kalula enqoleni multikar

GDR izimoto babe epaki izimoto namaloli. Kodwa kwakungabafundi izinto ezifana Multicar. Lokhu kukhanya emsebenzini amaloli izinjongo ezihlukile. Amankampani esikhiqiza multikary futhi ngokuthi - Multicar. Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa kuze 2005.

Okokuqala GDR multikary senzelwe ukusatshalaliswa izimpahla ngaphakathi ishede kanye ifektri izakhiwo. Lokhu izimoto udizili DK2002 futhi DK2003. Kamuva, modified imodeli DK2004 owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi Multicar-M21. Lokhu iloli futhi okuye nekuchazwa. Uma ekuqaleni umshayeli obengama kuphela bese ke wahlala phansi, futhi wagcina esengumKristu double gumbi multikara.

GDR amabhasi

Ngaphezu epaki izimoto namaloli GDR kwakukhona inkampani yamabhasi yokukhiqiza. Basuke ezivezwa izinkampani ezizimele Fritz Fleischer. Brand S1 futhi S2 amabhasi zazakhiwa ngesisekelo IFA H6B. In the 70s imodeli wokuqala umzimba, kwafakwa igama: S4 kanye S5, ngokulandelana. Izimoto sase-GDR uphawu S4, S5 kuze kube sekupheleni 80 enikeziwe inkonzo enkulu, ngoba ngaphandle angaphandle "Ikarus" amabhasi e-Union kwakungasekho.

esikhundleni isiphetho

Uma ucabangela GDR imodeli izimoto, niyolazi wonke umlando kumiswa. izimoto Awkward futhi ebukekayo ezibukeka zigcwele abasizi abantu ngalezo zikhathi. Futhi kulesi sikhathi sase-GDR izimoto - nje curiosities.