Sakhiwo - abamele amaqembu ahlukahlukene ezinomthelela abasephalamende e isinqumo esihle kulabo amaqembu imithetho. yokwamukela izivakashi Political eRussia

Lapho umuntu ovela kude, bebuka umsebenzi wokushaya umthetho, ukuqonda okwenzekayo ePhalamende kunzima ngempela. Izethameli banikwa izixazululo, ngezinye izikhathi zihambisana ukubuyekeza kontanga. Kodwa iqiniso lokuthi abamele amaqembu ahlukahlukene ezinomthelela amalungu ePhalamende zingezaphakade okuqhubekayo, impi okuqinile uhlala okuzenzakalelayo. Ake sibone ukuthi kungani lokhu kwenzeka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo siyathola ukuthi yini yokulinda zezombusazwe.

definition

Noma yimuphi umqondo yesayensi kuyisiko lapho ziqala nje ukutadisha ne sebhithi ukuthi lichaza ukuthini. Ngokusho isichazamazwi, abamele amaqembu ahlukahlukene ezinomthelela abasephalamende ngokuthi enhle izwi angaphandle "indawo yokulinda". Okwakushiwo umsebenzi wabo ukunikeza ingcindezi ohlangothini iziphathimandla. Laba bantu ukuqasha iqembu osomabhizinisi. Zibeka target. Yilokho-ke bona zifezeke, usebenzisa izindlela ngokomthetho. Kufanele ngokushesha kuqashelwe ukuthi akubona bonke Inqubomgomo yokwamukela izivakashi kusho isikhulu. Kodwa kukhona ucishe yonke indawo. Kuyinto ithuluzi elikahle kakhulu ekushintsheni isiqondiso umniningwane esiShayamthetho izinzuzo zalo siqu. Nasi isibonelo. Ngombandela abakhiqizi uphethiloli kuyazuzisa ukwandisa yokuthengisa izimoto ngabanye. Kodwa kuphela labo ezisebenza uphethiloli usukhishwa esibhedlela. Kodwa sebekubeke ungathandi ukuthuthukiswa amandla ezinye izinto, kuhlanganise ukukhululwa kwama-motor kagesi. Kodwa umphakathi ayikho indawo (kunoma yiliphi izwe). Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene imibono, abantu baye bafune abalethe ukukhiqizwa futhi inzuzo. Ukuze uthole amashaji ukulahlekelwa, uphethiloli yethu tycoons kufanele acindezele ePhalamende ukuvimbela izimali okunye izinhlelo amandla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, badinga Ochwepheshe. Lapha bebizwa eziyinkimbinkimbi inkulumo ethi "abamele amaqembu ahlukahlukene ukuthi sinomthelela angamalungu ePhalamende."

Ukubukeka yokulinda kwezombusazwe

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi yasungulwa lolu hlobo lomsebenzi ku Melika. Lena mkhiqizo yomnotho ovulekile. E-United States wavula nezikhethekile namahhovisi ehilelekile kuqala ekuhlanganiseni. Laba balimi baqashe abantu izinkampane ezinkulu kanye nezincane, ukuze izithakazelo zabo emelelwa Congress. Kaningi-ke kuncike nomthetho we amabhizinisi ezweni inzuzo. Uma ubona lihumusha igama "kuqala ekuhlanganiseni", nezwi leli gama lisho "indawo yokulinda." Ngenxa yalokho, ichaza oxhumana siqu namalungu (abanye abantu abahilelekile ekuthathweni) ukuze ushintshe umbono wabo endaweni efanele. Kuze kube yimanje, kusho izinhlangano zezombusazwe ezihlukahlukene ezisetshenziswa. Sakhiwo ezombusazwe cishe njalo wasebenzisa. Kodwa embusweni wentando ampofu kuba nomsebenzi ongekho emthethweni. Khumbula eSoviet Union. Kukhona futhi amabhizinisi ezinkulu kakhulu abaholi wabalwela oda isimo nezinye izintandokazi kusukela isabelomali. Nokho, insimu zomthetho imiqondo enjalo wayengekho.

izinhlobo yokwamukela izivakashi

Imisebenzi ongoti abakghona ukushintsha izinqumo ezidingekayo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokuphila, singagcini nje ngokumlingisa ngesikushoyo emnothweni. Ngakho-ke, isinqumo sokwehlukanisa phakathi umsebenzi emkhakheni. Ngakho, xoxani ngezinkumbulo ezinhle wokubawa abantu bayisekele, lapho kudingeke khona:

• ukuthuthukisa izithakazelo amaqembu athile amandla izakhiwo;
• ingcindezi kulabo wenze izinqumo zikahulumeni, enombono nenhlangano ethile, umuntu, ukunyakaza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mqondo likhona Ukwakheka kohlelo yezombusazwe ubudlelwane emphakathini. Kumele wanezela ukuthi abamele amaqembu ehlukahlukene ezinomthelela abasephalamende musa njalo ngezinceku semthethweni. Kuyinto imfihlo, inkambo angaya ukufumbathisa, tinsita tekuchumana siqu noma izintandokazi. Kodwa umphakathi yokuzenzela, isiqondiso ukusetshenziswa esisemthethweni kuqala ekuhlanganiseni. Uma lomkhuba ukhona ngomqondo ovulekile, kungani ukulwa na?

izindlela ingcindezi

Sizobe cabanga nje yokubaluleka lezo zinhlobo zezindawo lobbyists umsebenzi musa kungqubuzana nomthetho. Eziningi kuzo. Ake uqale nge yokuthi iphini - ukhetho okuthunyelwe. Ngenxa yalokho, lowo muntu kubalulekile umphakathi obabheka ngayo. MP ngempela igxile abalandeli babo. Lokhu kusetshenziswa ngempumelelo yi lobbyists. Ithokozisa emagunyeni egameni izakhamuzi. Ngenxa yale njongo, njengoba umthetho, it okulungiselelwe idokhumenti ekhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuhlela mass ikhanga iPhalamende lwabavoti. Lena zihlelekile, umsebenzi onenjongo. Uma indlela enjalo akukuniki Imiphumela ebonakalayo, lobbyists udlulela phambili. Bahlela imibhikisho mass izakhamuzi ukwakha izidingo zabo. Ngokwesibonelo, sakwenza izikhathi eziningana ukuze ku Ukraine. Izinkumbi bathunyelwa usebenzisa iziqubulo ethandwa. Futhi imiphumela yalo msebenzi ezijatshulelwa yilabo "ubiza ingoma." Yokulinda livame ukusetshenziswa amathuba abezindaba. Wayala ekhethekile izincwadi, izihloko kanye ne-transmission.

Sakhiwo eRussia

Kukholakala ukuthi eRussia lolu hlobo msebenzi nomphakathi uhlamvu. Isetshenziselwa isingeniso ku emphakathini ikambisolawulo, ukuheha abantu ngesinqumo izinkinga isimo. Kubalulekile kule ndaba ukwaba ulwazi umsebenzi lobbyists. Lona-Russia into entsha. Phela, ngaphambi izinqumo zenziwa "ekusithekeni". Manje lobbyists badonseleka izakhamuzi ezivamile, ukubazisa ngezinkinga kanye nezixazululo kungenzeka. Lokhu kwandisa izinga yeningi emphakathini.

kuqala ekuhlanganiseni umsebenzi

Ukuze umphakathi, kubalulekile ukuthatha lolu hlobo lomsebenzi. Uma sishiya eceleni ohlangothini yako emibi, sithola kukhona eziningi imininingwane ewusizo. Ngemva kuqala ekuhlanganiseni kusiza nokudidiyela izithakazelo amaqembu ahlukahlukene. imizamo Active "push" izinqumo ezithile kwenziwa obala, kudala impendulo kwezenhlalo, sandla silinganise izidingo kokubili amakhasimende kanye nomphakathi. Phela, izinqumo zezombusazwe - inqubo eziphilayo. Abahlanganyeli ngaphezulu ke, kulapho uyoba yini umphumela kwesamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lobbyists ngempela kunikela ukugcwaliseka ngabantu amalungelo abo obuntu. Yokuxoxisana nabo, abantu abathintekayo kulo nokuphila social isimo.

Abeseka njengoba ithuluzi

Uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, le nqubo kunomthelela ukudalwa ngaphezulu namabhalansi emphakathini. Izakhamuzi ngaphezulu ayehilelekile ke, lo kuqala ekuhlanganiseni usizo nakakhulu isimo. It kuyasiza ngokuvumelanayo cabanga uma udala izithakazelo esisemthethweni kwezakhi ahlukahlukene sabantu. Phela, wonke umuntu imigomo yabo kanye nezinhloso. Ngezinye izikhathi, basuke tiyashayisana. ukubukwa zomphakathi futhi ububanzi futhi imicabango yabantu kokukhanyisa bushelelezi izinto, ukuthuthukisa ezinengqondo yentuthuko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzifunela ukuxhaswa kombono wakho futhi yenza umgomo ephambene. It ubeka ingcindezi ezikhulwini nakubo kwamaphini, kudala izimo igunya ekusebenziseni isimiso lutho kanye nokuzibophezela ngaphansi kuyo abantu.

amaphutha

Ngeshwa, emazweni amaningi ukhathazekile kakhulu lobbyists imushchestvenno - uhlamvu lomthetho. They bophezela ukukhuthaza imiqondo elihlobene ne-ukusatshalaliswa imithombo yezimali imali, ingcebo, inqwaba yezinto zemvelo, quota, izintandokazi nokuningi. imisebenzi efana kuyaqabukela eyomphakathi. Lokho kuvulela nokuqhakaza zenkohlakalo. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuzifunela ukuxhaswa kombono lihlotshaniswa kuwukubonakaliswa nokungabi nabulungisa kwezenhlalo. Lokhu kungenxa ukungalingani ezingeni ikhasimende solvency. Ngiyavuma, amabhizinisi anamathuba ezingaphezu kuka umuntu ovamile. umsebenzi Legislative ephalamende okuhloswe ngazo kubandakanya kuwo ukuhlanza Isikhungo ukuzifunela ukuxhaswa kombono kusukela amaphutha, yenza thuluzi ekahle umphakathi. Futhi kwenzekani, sizobona!