Shut-off valve - kuyini? Isicelo kudivayisi

By Igama elithi "armature" lizama amadivayisi ukulawula ukugeleza amandla aphakathi. Ngokuvamile, kukhona izakhi valve livaleke-off on amapayipi. Siyobe sizwisise bonyana lokho nezilwane nanulsu valving lokho oyikho lapho ukusebenzisa.

Misa valve e amapayipi esetshenziswa ukulawula ukugeleza zoketshezi noma amagesi. Kuyinto ukwazi ukulawula flow amapayipi kusukela okungenani okuphakelayo izinga ukunciphisa kuze kumile ephelele.

Ezinye izinhlobo imishini:

• Latches;
• isilawuli valve;
• Cranes;
• butterfly valve.

sphere kwesicelo

Zonke mikhiqizo kabanzi zobunjiniyela, futhi zingenziwa ngoba jikelele izicelo lobuchwepheshe, futhi umsebenzi ezimweni ezikhethekile. Uma valve isetshenziswa kuphela ephelele livaleke-off, livaleke-off nokufakwa adjustable (valve kanye ompompi) akagcini ngokuba namandla ukuvimba ukugeleza, kodwa futhi ukuze alawule ngegalelo lako.

kudivayisi

Zonke ukuvalwa akheke ngendlela efanayo. Lena izindlu avaliwe uphawu, okuyinto yokuhlala node valve. Uma kwenzeka kuba khona ngokuvamile amabili (kwezinye izimo eside) Ekugcineni, esebenzisa kuwo ngokuqinile exhunywe ipayipi. Isabelo ukukhiya iyunithi - ngokwahlukana hermetic kohlelo iphayiphi. Ngo oyiyo kukhona esihlalweni futhi umzimba livaleke-off njalo ukuxhumana Laphezu uphawu.

Cranes

Cranes asetshenziselwa ukufakwa e amapayipi amanzi, umusi kanye negesi zenethiwekhi. Basuke izimpawu usayizi compact (1.9 kg) kanye ukumelana encane. I ububanzi we Thepha kungenzeka kusuka 1 kuya ku-3 amayintshi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ama-valve ezifana ibhola plug. Ngokuhambisana indlela kubekwa uphawu, zingabantu ndlala nezingxabano.

A kwakwakhe kukaNohemu nge komsele kwenzeka esebenzisa elihlangana flange noma Welding nalokho. Ngo igesi amapayipi usebenzisa igesi elihlangana valve. Material ngabo kakhulu okusansimbi. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana iphayiphi nge crane, kudinga nut. Negesi valve enzelwe ukusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi of 0.1 MPA futhi izinga lokushisa ku-50 ° C.

umthwalo Ephakeme zingamelana ompompi indlala nut. Bona bamukele namapayipi kawoyela imisele yamanzi izingxenye zawo eziyinhloko zenziwa cast iron. Ngakho yensimbi igcwele indlala zenjoloba noma Hemp. valve ezinjalo okwazi ukusebenza izingcindezi engafinyelela kwengu-1 MPA futhi ongakwazi ukumelana namazinga okubanda afinyelela ku-100 ° C.

Amasayizi kulencane kukhona ibhola valve. Lokhu imishini Yaziwa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu umsebenzi, echaza ukusetshenziswa kwalo ububanzi amapayipi amakhulu. Zenziwa cast iron, futhi amasongo ukubekwa uphawu aqukethe PTFE-4. Amapharamitha yokusebenza sihambisana izici ibhola valve indlala nut ompompi.

Ngosizo Flanges exhunywe amapayipi flange steel ompompi. Uma valve mkhulu, unikezwa igiya worm. Ukuze ukugeleza nokulawula crane enjalo siphumelelisa loku ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza. Lokhu okokusebenza kusetshenziswe amapayipi ezisebenza at okushisa ezisukela -40 ° C kuya +70 ° C. Lezi valve zixhunywe thwi kuphela. Isiphathi kungaba kokubili kude futhi ngokusebenzisa ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza.

valve Shut-off

Amaphayiphu ukudlala indima ebalulekile inqwaba iphayiphi amanethiwekhi nabalawuli. Lona ezivamile stop valve. Kuyini, ungabona esithombeni.

Lokhu izinto eziye yesivalo kokuba ifomu izingqimba noma Isigaxa flat ukuma, esishukumisela parallel eksisi we ebusweni ukubekwa uphawu emzimbeni esihlalweni reciprocates noma arc.

Valve - umphini ezihlukahlukene, ukuhamba owenziwa ngumuntu kochungechunge umshudo pair.

Okuvame kakhulu stop valve efakwe amapayipi. Ukulungiswa kwenzeka kuzo ngesandla usebenzisa isondo isandla noma ukude esebenzisa actuator.

amandla Seal kuqinisekiswa izindandatho eyenziwe lesikhumba, iraba noma PTFE-4. valve Shut-off asetshenziswa piping, okuyinto zokusebenza naphakathi kukhona umoya, amanzi noma isisi. Uxhumano ne ipayipi threaded elihlangana sisetshenziswa. Ukuze ngokugcwalisa indlala esetshenziswa asbestos nokupakisha AP-31 - asbhestosi intambo aluka sesigcilikisha antifriction impregnation.

Okuwukuphela kwepayipi lamanzi nge lokushisa kwamanzi ngaphansi kuka-50 ° C ukufaka stop valve elihlangana. Lokhu imishini uyakwazi usebenze yisiphi isimo. Amanzi ageleza ngaphansi kwe-disc. Sakaza amadivayisi yensimbi izindlu, gaskets - paronitovye, iringi ukubekwa uphawu eyenziwe lesikhumba, futhi ukupakisha seal - asbestos.

Ngo amapayipi ukuthuthwa emoyeni noma emanzini ngoLwesithathu sekuqala ukufudumala lokushisa +45 ° C. Ngo ezifana amanethiwekhi ubunjiniyela valving eyamukelekayo asetshenziswe actuator kagesi. It yakhelwe sokuqhuba okushisa afinyelela ku +50 ° C. Kufanele iqondiswe phezulu. bezinhlamvu Kudivayisi - yensimbi inkatho. Kanjalo spool futhi ikhava zakhiwe ngensimbi. Le valve yenza ilawulwa noma ngesandla noma ukude.

ichopho

I dampers zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ububanzi amapayipi amakhulu. Basuke ukufakwa air-conditioning nokushaya komoya ngezinye izingcindezi ongaphakeme nezimfuneko low yobunzima.

Kuye inani damper amapuleti esetshenzisiwe olulodwa futhi mnogostvorchatymi. Ukuze uketshezi damper abezindaba kungukuthi cishe ukusetshenziswa ngoba abakwazi ngokwanele ukuqinisekisa uphawu ndima ukugqagqana. Ukuze gas dampers asetshenziswa kaningi. Lokhu lula malula futsi nokwethenjelwa eklanywe ngokuhlakanipha ngayo. Ukuqokwa mpintsha - isiqondiso tetinkhombamagama off.

Ngaphezu amadivaysi elula nokulawula, banayo ngentengo ephansi nesisindo ongaphakeme. Mhlawumbe dampers imishini hydraulically, pneumatically noma kagesi.

On amapayipi ahambisa amanzi, wafaka esilucwecwana ichopho ingcindezi 1.0 MPA. Ukubekwa uphawu kwenzeka esebenzisa indandatho iraba, aboshelwe inkatho-disc. umkhiqizo izindlu siqukethe cast iron, futhi nakhu sekuvela umsebe rotary ezenziwe ngensimbi.

I shuttering eliqhutshwa i kagesi, ezinezinjini likhuphukela. Kulokhu idrayivu shaft itholakala thwi. I dampers ukuthi zilawulwa ngesandla ingafakwa kunoma yisiphi isikhundla.

Compound enezinto nge komsele kwenzeka esebenzisa Flanges. Enye indlela ngokujoyina kuyinto Welding. Operating ingcindezi valve - 1 MPA. Phatha, ungasebenzisa idrayivu.

I ububanzi we armature ukusebenzisa idrayivu, ivela 200-1200 mm. amandla awo 5 kW. Isikhathi lapho esetshenziselwe ukukhokhela ukuvulwa valve noma Sengiphetha, imayelana nanhlanu imizuzu.

amafasitela

Ukuvala disc rotary liyadingeka ukuze ulungise ingcindezi futhi ukugeleza medium. naphakathi Ukusebenzela shutter kukhona amanzi kanye negesi. Basebenza ngesikhathi ukucindezela 1.6 MPA futhi lokushisa kusuka -15 ° C kuya ku-200 ° C.

Ukuvala disc rotary kungokwalabo Amaphayiphu. Lapho isikhundla avaliwe, kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba sifinyelele ngophawu. Buhle yesivalo zalo ongaphakeme ukwakhiwa ukuphakama kanye nobude. Umkhiqizo isetshenziswa Ukushisa, amanzi kanye nezimboni zokudla.

latches

Ngo ubunjiniyela amanethiwekhi pose nezinye valve. Kuyini "izinhlanzi" - uhlobo ipayipi nokufakwa?

Isiqhebezo - Ummeleli we valve kokuba valve ngesimo disc nhlonhlo noma ishidi, okuyinto ezinwabuzelayo esihlalweni yophawu umzimba. lapho ukugeleza lesifishane perpendicular ukuhambisa isivalo. I ububanzi we izindandatho ukubekwa uphawu kungenzeka lincane ubukhulu igemfe kungaba kulinganiswe nakho. Esimweni sokuqala valve kuyinto umkhawulo, okwesibili - looping.

Ngokuhambisana ukuma yesivalo valve sehlukaniswe kuqondane and nhlonhlo.

Le mikhiqizo ezisetshenziswa ukukhiqiza imigqa isiqu amapayipi. Othini lokuphotha ingahle valve noma bogie non-ngokuhambisa. Ukuze uvale noma ukuvula ndima, uthi lokuphotha ihlobene eziningi isivinini. Ngakho-ke, la ma-valve ebekelwa ukulawula kagesi akude. Isango valve abe stem-non-nokunyuka kwamanani kwenza cast iron. ingcindezi wabo 0.25 MPA. I ububanzi we valve - kusuka 800 kuya ku-2000 mm, mass ifinyelela 14 t.

Izinzuzo valve:

• akudingekile ukuba unqobe yokucindezela uketshezi ukusebenza lapho usebenza sitho motion;
• ukugeleza uketshezi ngokuqondile, okuvumela ukunciphisa ku-isimo ukumelana;
• umklamo izinhlangothi zazo ziyalingana.

Nemibi valve:

• eqinile ngomshikisho uma usebenza umzimba ezinyakazayo esangweni;
• letinkhulu tekwakha ukuphakama ngenxa yokuthi induku kumele liqokwe diameters okungenani ezimbili ipayipi;
• bafake High we yesivalo kule sikhundla Lesisemkhatsini.

Ukuqondanisa tube umphini esebenzisa Flanges. Iningi izingxenye - cast iron. Material gaskets - asbhestosi, indlala nokupakisha - asbestos.

Pipelines eveza igesi fuel nge control lokushisa kuya ku-100 ° C, usebenzisa kabili kudiski esangweni valve yensimbi. Sinenkosi-non-ekuphumeni othini lokuphotha kanye nokucindezela ukusebenza 0.6 MPA. Nikeza ukusebenza ngezandla kuphela.

Okufanayo kabili kudiski esangweni valve, kodwa nokunyuka stem olubekwa coke kuhhavini igesi imigqa. Ziklanyelwe ukuba usebenza ingcindezi 1.8 MPA futhi lokushisa 200 ° C.

Ngo imigqa uwoyela amafutha ahamba efakwe ashiselwe steel block valve. Ngo design yabo isebenzisa lokuphotha retractable futhi amashubhu. Amazinga esiphezulu we ophansi la ma-valve 250 ° C. Indaba zezitho valve carbon steel.

abezindaba nolaka

Amadivayisi uvala, letisebenta endaweni enobutha, kuthiwa akhethiwe kuncike izici medium. Ngo ukubala inkathi wokusebenza, ubuqotho, ukuthembeka, kanye neminye imingcele, okuyinto ubavalele-off valve. Kuyini - uvala nemishini ezindaweni onakalisayo?

I valve asetshenziswa ezindaweni onakalisayo ngokuvamile. imikhiqizo enjalo sehhashi slide ngokuphephile zalala, ukugwema ukuhlikihla. Esikhundleni ISIZINDA lwezimpawu weza Izifutho yesifunda. Ububi le umphini iyona okhushuliwe ngomshikisho wokubacindezela.

Abezindaba ketshezi esetshenziswa zethusi elihlangana valve eyenzelwe ibhekene nengcindezi yokusebenza 1.6 MPA. valve okunjalo unamathele ipayipi nge elihlangana kochungechunge.

Amapayipi umusi ngesikhathi ingcindezi 1 MPA okushisa ngezansi 50 ° C ngo-valve asetshenziswa zethusi uphawu indandatho. indandatho okunjalo phezu spool senziwa zenjoloba noma isikhumba.

Izifutho valve ezenziwe ngensimbi ukumelana ukugqwala, asetshenziswayo okushisa afinyelela ku-350 ° C. valve Flanged unomzimba zobumba ezenziwe ngobumba.

ukulungiswa

Amaphutha iphayiphi valve zigcwele izinselele eziningi ukuba izinkampani yokusebenza. Ngokuvamile abakwazi ukuvimba ingxenye inethiwekhi, okuyinto usebhekene ukuphahlazeka. Kuyinto akukho ngozi ukulungisa valve senziwa isikhathi, kuyasiza inkampani ugweme eqolo esikhathini esizayo.

Izimbangela iloli

Sibheke yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu umonakalo valve. Phakathi kwezimbangela ukwehluleka valve, ingxenye udoti ewela ngaphakathi ipayipi phakathi nokufaka. Yena luhlala phezu O-ring inkatho ukusikeka lapho ephula yobunzima. Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, ungakwazi kahle ukugeza backbone inethiwekhi ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenza kwabo. valve onesici kwalungisa e workshop okuyisipesheli anemisila imishini ethi awafike. Ziyamkhipha ungqimba ezilimele of uphawu izindandatho, wababuyisela izakhiwo wangaphambili.

Ngemuva kokwenza ukulungiswa, kwaqina amabhawodi valve phambi izofakwa, valve Kunenkolelo wokubacindezela ingcindezi test ebhentshini. Uma ukuhlolwa ngempumelelo, kukhona isitifiketi design ukwamukelwa.

abakhiqizi

ERussia, le ukukhiya ukukhiya adjustable nokufakwa ekhiqizwa izinkampani eziningi. Imboni sikhulela njalo. Omunye wabaholi umkhakha isitshalo of valve Futhi kusukela Chelyabinsk. Popular njengoba Lenpromarmatura ukukhiqizwa isitshalo Petersburg, Zao Hydrogas kusukela Voronezh, Ltd. Murom plant iphayiphi nokufakwa.

amanani

Misa valve, izindleko zazo ziyahlukahluka kusuka 20 kuya eziningana amashumi ezinkulungwane ruble, kuncike ubukhulu, inhloso kanye impahla imikhiqizo kabanzi ezihlinzekwa ezimakethe Russian nabaseYurophu.