Ukuvutshelwa itiye itiye eRussia

Ukuvutshelwa kuyinto itiye polyphenol namachibi ingxube kanye enzyme (enzyme) ekhona leaf itiye. Ngenxa yalokho leli fomu theaflavins futhi thearubigins ukuthi ukunikeza ukumnika tea (black), umbala sici ensundu tinge ngokubomvu.

Ukuvutshelwa uchungechunge zamakhemikhali ezenzeka ngezindlela ezahlukene. It kuncike izimo yangaphandle (ukukhanyisa, izinga lokushisa, umswakama, njll). Kukhona izindlela aziwayo kwezindlela ukuvutshelwa kokuphazamiseka ngenkathi lapho ishidi ifinyelele ukutholakala edingekayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa amahlamvu okusheshayo Ukushisa itiye, hhayi okuholela omiswe yayo, kodwa niguqulwe isimo ngokwenziwa ibe ikhemikhali ukuze inqubo ukuvutshelwa kumisiwe.

oxidative enzyme

Ukuvutshelwa of itiye - inqubo core lonke ukukhiqizwa ubuchwepheshe yayo. Ukuze nokuqaliswa kwalo kumelwe kube umthelela enzyme oxidative amahlamvu itiye: phenol oxidase futhi peroxidase.

ukukhiqizwa kwetiye sihlinzekela ukulondolozwa esiphezulu yephunga futhi ukunambitheka izakhiwo amaqabunga tea ngu ukuguqulwa amakhemikhali yabo ukwakheka. Ngenxa yalokho we impahla eluhlaza uthole lomkhiqizo eliphezulu.

Eziyizintaba izinguquko kwamakhemikhali baqale ngisho ngesikhathi nibutha amaqabunga tea, uqhubeke esiqedayo yakhe futhi ezimazombe, ngisho ngesikhathi ukuvutshelwa, bona ibe namandla akhethekile.

Phakathi ishidi ukuvutshelwa basonta ngaphansi kwethonya namachibi izinqubo, kuba ithusi-bomvu futhi iphunga oluhlaza okuphuma ukunambitheka kancane obucayi itiye isibilile.

Inqubo ukuvutshelwa

Ekhulwini XIX kukholakala ukuthi ukuvutshelwa itiye kuyinqubo microbiological. Wayekholelwa ukuthi leaf itiye has a microflora ethile, abanye nezilwanyana ezincane ukukhiqiza enzyme oxidative uyakwazi oxidizing phenolic compounds. Lo mbono lasendulo akusho bathethelele uqobo, ngoba ngenxa ucwaningo ngaphansi kwezimo aseptic, wathola ukuthi microflora angaphandle kuphela iphazamise ukuthuthukiswa efanele yenqubo lwezithelo olubangela ukubila.

Kamuva, vele ekhulwini XX, ama-enzyme oxidative, okwenziwe futhi kwaphothulwa etholakale amaqabunga tea, asendleleni itiye ezihlabayo esimweni ithule futhi isebenze lapho lilokhu. Ngo Phakathi nokufunda la ma-enzyme encibilikayo kuphela wembula ukuthi phenoloxidase, injalo encibilikayo, has umsebenzi ebuthakathaka, kodwa akusho akha peroxidase encibilikayo ukudla obomvu nonsundu nomsebenzi omkhulu.

Sanquma ukutadisha enzyme eceleni, kuphumele umsebenzi phenol oxidase ezitholakele. Lokhu enzyme kuyinto zingaxazululeki ezindaweni ishidi futhi akungeni isixazululo ngaphansi kwezimo evamile ukuthi wamvimbela ezitholakala izifundo ngaphambili. Ngakho-ke kwatholakala phenoloxidase zingaxazululeki, owawungumnyaka enzyme eyinhloko.

ukuvutshelwa okusheshayo kancane

Ukuvutshelwa of itiye kuyashesha futhi kancane.

Ngo inqubo ukuvutshelwa okusheshayo itiye leaf ukucutshungulwa eyenziwa athutha, isb yayo iphuma noma wayixova ngokucekela phansi cell ulwelwesi. Lokhu kubangela asebenzayo oluningi namachibi ukusabela enzyme omunye nomunye.

Lapho inqubo ukuvutshelwa kancane, amahlamvu azilimele.

Ngu indlela kanye degree of ukuvutshelwa leaf itiye kwahlukaniswa ngemacembu lasihlanu:

• itiye elimhlophe ;
• green tea ;
• tea oolong;
• tea oolong;
• Black Tea.

Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union, ukukhiqizwa itiye eRussia wahlala kuphela Krasnodar esifundeni.

Njengoba ngasinda inhlekelele yama-90s, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma itiye endaweni baqala usimamise, kodwa ahlale ongaphakeme imikhiqizo -quality nemiqulu futhi akazange ukufinyelela emazingeni odlule. Nokho, akazange ayeke imisebenzi ukukhiqizwa endawo itiye processing kanye itiye-emasakeni ifektri e Adler Dagomys futhi zilondoloza ngokuqinile waseRussia "Krasnodarchay".

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inhlabathi kanye nemibandela sezulu kude elilungile ukutshala itiye, esikhathini esifundeni Sochi itiye emasimini hlala ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 1.5. Amahektha. Lapha njalo ngonyaka ukuqoqa amathani angaphezu kuka-4,000 amahlamvu itiye.