St kaPetru Church (Riga, Latvia): incazelo, ikheli, Amahora okuvula

Ukukholelwa abashisekeli ephakeme yayisitholakala ezifundeni ezingu-ukuphila okunenjongo. Isintu kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo bakhuleka onkulunkulu, lapho babekholelwa, ukwakha amathempeli namasonto, ukufunda imithandazo kanye nezipho kwesokunxele. Kuze kube namuhla, kule planethi siye ngasinda izinkulungwane zezakhiwo lapho abantu bezinkolo ezingefani. Lezi zakhiwo hhayi kuphela abaphathi emandla akamoya, kodwa futhi omunye wemisebenzi enkulu yezakhiwo. Ukuba ezingeni eliphakeme yobuciko, abantu Sasebenzisa wonke amathuba ukuze adale kufike komkhulu okudaliwe, ngokufanele uNkulunkulu. Enye yalezi ubhekwa iSonto St Peter. Riga ngemfudumalo isingathwe abaculi onekhono kakhulu futhi abanamakhono isikhathi sakhe ukuze wakhiwe.

Indaba

Ukuthi usuku oluqondile ukwakhiwa zesonto, kodwa 1209, ireferensi ke usukela encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla okokuqala. Indawo Isonto akukaze washintsha, uyaqhubeka nime endaweni efanayo lapho kwakukhona cishe esikhathini seminyaka eyikulungwana eyadlulako, emzini Riga, Latvia. Khona-ke isakhiwo siqanjwe ihholo elincane futhi naves ezintathu ukuphakama efanayo. Akwaziwa kodwa kunenkolelo yokuthi embhoshongweni wesonto, isakhiwa, yakhiwa sizimele. Sokuzakhela ebandleni ukuusiza bendawo - abathengisi, nabakhandi, abanye, wayefaka imali yabo ekwakhiweni. Kwakusho ukuthi niyithempeli likaNkulunkulu kungaba ikakhulukazi wonke umuzi, ngakho indalo yayo bedele okuningi umzamo, ekupheleni lesi sakhiwo wayengumJuda ukubheka ocebile futhi zikanokusho, ukulondoloza isikhundla. Wesonto wavakasha abavelele emphakathini - eRiga, lezi zakhamuzi zazenza. yini futhi eziqhutshwa Kukhona isikole, omunye omdala emzini. Ibandla wathola isihloko labaVangeli-Lutheran kanye othwala sikuthole kuze kube namuhla.

Eyokuqala izinguquko

Ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu, isonto uye washintsha abanye okokuqala - ku sengathi iwashi umbhoshongo, futhi baqala ukusebenza eduze yabalindi, ngubani exwayisa abantu imililo nezinye izingozi. Nge ukuqala kwekhulu le-15 isonto wanquma kabusha, ukuze leli cala sikhethe master Johann Rummeshottelya. Wakha ikamelo entsha e-altare, kodwa umsebenzi okunye yathatha cishe kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu, zonke e Riga, Latvia futhi izakhamuzi zalo wahlushwa izimpi njalo futhi izibhicongo kabusha waba wephuza futhi ekugcineni kuphelile ukwakhiwa kwalesi Spire. Manje, isakhiwo kwadingeka aisles ezimbili ngamamitha ayi-15 futhi omunye main -. 30 m octagonal imitha-133 Spire imibhoshongo phezu komuzi, futhi asikho isakhiwo esakhiwe e Riga ayikwazanga ziqhathaniswa ubuhle esontweni.

rearrangements okuqhubekayo

Mashi 11, 1666 i-Spire, ngenkani ababemi lapho komoya nesimo sezulu iminyaka 175, yaphuka lwawela phezu kwabantu izindlu eseduze. Ngemva konyaka, umbhoshongo waqala kabusha, kodwa iminyaka engu-10 kwaba khona umlilo kanye Spire labhujiswa futhi, kanye nabathile yingxenye yesonto. Ukuze kabusha wonke izingcweti futhi, samenywa eLatvia. Eliholwa master induna yomuzi Rupert Bindenshu Spire lakhiwa futhi isitayela Baroque, okuyinto ngokugcwele kuhambisana jikelele Gothic isitayela isonto. Manje, ukuphakama Imininingwane basembhoshongweni nge Spire ukufinyelela amamitha angaba ngu-120, isakhiwo sayo yaqedwa ngo 1697.

engu-24 embhoshongweni ibandla St UPetru ngumbani, yena ehlala futhi, kodwa musa hit lutho. Ukuze kabusha okuyinhloko I. Villeberny wasebenza iminyaka engu-3, Spire ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele iqhude lapho inkosi yena akhwela emva ukwakhiwa, waphuza ingilazi yewayini.

Isonto Rooster St kaPetru

Bonke abesilisa phakathi empilweni yebandla kwaba 6 izicucu. Okokuqala agqoke embhoshongweni e 1491, e 1538-m ke saze saphiliswa nebandla uma ukusikiwa nge amashidi ithusi, futhi ngawo lowo nyaka, iqhude waphula. Ukuze bavale isikhala salo kuye kwaba okwesibili kule m 1539, kodwa yathatha kuphela kuze ekwindla. Uma ezimbili iqhude lokuqala obudinekile ne Spire we nomoya onamandla, eyesithathu kwaba phezu lokuqopha Mollino e 1612, wakhonza iminyaka 73. Zonke cocks zazihlukile, kodwa akazange ahlale isikhathi eside. Ngokokuqala wesine lesi sibalo eyayibekwe e-1651, liye eyayibhalwe. Ngeshwa, le iqhude wagxuma futhi ngo-1569 wesihlanu iminyaka ilandelana nayo eyayibhalwe, kodwa iminyaka 6 emva kokufakwa, futhi wawa phansi. cockerel Sixth labhujiswa ngo umlilo kubangelwe 1941 i igobolondo wezikhali. Futhi ekugcineni, lwesikhombisa ku embhoshongweni futhi namuhla, manje useneminyaka engu-46 ubudala, has a isisindo 158 khilogremu, ukuphakama 1.5 amamitha kanye ububanzi 2.

Yokutakula ngemva kwempi yezwe yesibili

SeMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili kwasala amanxiwa endaweni, owayenguyise ibandla St Peter. Riga kwaba ngokuphelele ngaphansi umlilo. Ngo-1954, waphulukisa konke ngaphandle umbhoshongo, futhi kwanqunywa 1966 ukubuyisela tower ne Spire, wanezela emphemeni observation. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-yi kukhulunywe kangaka, uMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe of the SSR Latvian. On ukubuyiselwa abaklami P. G. Zirnis Saulitis futhi ngaphansi kokuqondisa E. Darbvarisa. Umsebenzi oyinhloko kwakwenziwa Riga, ukwakhiwa yezingxenye umbhoshongo Ayekulungele e Minsk, umsebenzi ukufakwa kwenziwa eLeningrad. Ngenxa yalokho, embhoshongweni yayinokuphakama 124 metres uphinde uthele kancane 25 amasentimitha. Ezingeni ukuphakama 57 72 amamitha ezakhiwa wokubuka ezisekelweni. Ngo-1973, wangena inkonzo nezinqolobane zommbila for ephakamisa esizeni nge umthamo 1000 kg. Izindlela abaye bafinyelela esiqongweni imizuzwana 63.

Ukugcwaliswa umsebenzi wawa ngo-June 29, 1973, lolu suku uye wathola Church St kaPetru. Riga waluthola Luhambo zako ezisemqoka.

Mayelana iSt Peter

Apostol Potr kwaba omunye wabayishumi nambili kaJesu Kristu, indodana umdobi nomzalwana ka umPhostoli Andreya Pervozvannogo. Ekuzalweni kwakhe, yena waba ogama lakhe linguSimoni. Igama Petru, elisho ukuthi "itshe", wamupha ngoKristu, wayesezobashiya ukuzimisela yayo eqinile futhi umoya.

Lo mphostoli wa- umfundi ozithandayo likaJesu Kristu, laqonda bamlandela kuphi. Lapho uJesu ebuza abaphostoli bakhe ukuthi sicabange ngalo, wathi uPetru nababe naye ukuthi wayenguKristu - iNdodana kaNkulunkulu. Khona-ke uJesu wathi kuye: "Wena? - UPetru, phezu kwaleli dwala ngiyakulakha ibandla lami amasango esihogo * awayikulahlula ke; futhi ngiyakukunika izihluthulelo zombuso wezulu; konke Oyakukubopha emhlabeni koba kuboshiwe ezulwini, nakho konke eniyakukukhulula uyithukulule emhlabeni zizakungezwa kukhululiwe ezulwini. " (Mathewu 16: 18-19)

Kunezinganekwane, le ndaba uyachaza ukuthi kungani Yakhiwa isonto iSt Peter sika. Riga, Nokho, ngokusekelwe idatha zomlando, akuyona indawo, ukuthi Apostol Potr wavakashela, kodwa namanje nguye ongumvikeli edolobheni.

Waphenduka eside ngemva ekuphikeni yakhe kaKristu, kodwa kanye emhlabathini uMoya oNgcwele wehlela, wanikezela ukuphila kwakhe emsebenzini wokushumayela. Umphostoli ngokuphindaphindiwe nokushushiswa ngenxa yokholo lwabo nomsebenzi, kodwa ungalokothi Waphambuka. Entshumayelweni yakhe, wafunda izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba: ogwini loLwandle iMedithera, e-Asia Minor, i-Antiyokiya, eGibhithe, eGrisi, iCarthage naseBrithani.

Saint Peter wabethelwa esiphambanweni sibheke phansi sibheke phansi, ngakho wayengafuni ufe ukufa, efana kokufa umeluleki wakhe, eRoma, 67, ngemva kokuzalwa kukaKristu.

St kaPetru Church osukwini lwethu

Futhi kuze kube namuhla, notshwala ethembekileko bavame ukuvakashela Church St kaPetru (Riga). Isiteji okwashiwo ethempelini bebelokhu isayithi ezingozi ezahlukene. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, ngo-90s umbhoshongo akhwela abafisa sokulungisa izindaba ne ukuphila anakho. Ngemva kwalesi sehlakalo, ibandla yamboza kugridi ukugwema ukuphindaphinda ezinjalo. Ekupheleni enkulungwaneni yokugubha usuku lokuqala Latvia ngosuku emphemeni observation snuck National amaBolshevik, owathatha abathunjwa e zezivakashi ngaleso sikhathi phezu kombhoshongo. Khona-ke kwakudingeka basebenze amabutho ezikhethekile, azungeza isonto futhi ukuyenga abaphuli phandle.

zokungcebeleka main

Kusukela ngo-November 1995, isonto efakwe uqwembe, which busisa bonke restorers into. Kungenzeka futhi ukubona esifanekisweni likaJesu Kristu statue uRoland, tombstones futhi A. I. Tsukerbekera itshe inkinobho Epitaph enikelwe F. Ringerbergu, IV ngendwangu, Brevern I. no B. Barclay de Tolly, ethuneni udokotela B. T. Graf nomkakhe K. von Slate, "Blue Guards".

emisebenzini yesonto

City, okuyinto iyisonto iSonto iSt Peter - Riga. Ikheli: Street Skārņu, indlu 19 Konke ukuhlelwa kabusha yabo futhi umlando ethempelini wahlupheka endaweni manje okuthiwa edolobheni elidala (eduze Town Hall Square kanye loMfula Daugava, enkulu kunazo zonke e Latvia).

Lapho leli zwe wavakashela yizivakashi eziningi, indawo yokuqala lapho belulekwa ukuya, ibandla St. sikaPetru, Riga. Amahora ithempeli - nsuku zonke kusuka 10 ekuseni kuya ku-6 ntambama, ngaphandle ngeMisombuluko. Ibandla wenza imisebenzi eminingi, ngokwesibonelo, it is a Museum, futhi esaqhubeka amasevisi. Inzuzo yayo enkulu, ngenxa lapho edonsela abahambi eziningi ezivela emazweni ehlukene simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:-ke yilona eliphezulu ukuwedlula wonke uyibuka iphuzu emzini. Kusukela ukuphakama umbhoshongo nge umbono omangalisayo emzini. Yilokho inzuzo Church ezahlukene iSt Peter, Riga. Izindleko emphemeni observation abadala - 7 euro abafundi - 5 kubafundi - 3, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisikhombisa ubudala amahhala, yebo, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwabazali.