Syria, Hama: Umlando kanye nencazelo

Kule minyaka embalwa edlule, imithombo ukuza phansi Arab Republic yase-Aramu. Hama - ingenye yamadolobha ngobukhulu kuleli zwe, njengoba kunjalo ngokuvamile maphakathi abezindaba ukunakwa. isikhungo Notorious yokulwa zasakazekela kulo lonke izwe. Nokho, lo muzi wasendulo has a umlando onothileko ngaphandle kwempi yombango yaseSiriya. Kwakukhona izimpi eziyingqopha-mlando, usongo, ekubeni imibuso lasendulo.

Umuzi Hama lasendulo

Ukukala endulo Hama kungenzeka okungenani yokuthi mayelana emzini ohlala kuso kuyakhulunywa ngaso eBhayibhelini. Lihunyushwe kwelesiHeberu elithi lasendulo igama Arabic kusho "inqaba" noma "isiphephelo". Imizana bokuqala basonta Neolithic. Endaweni ethile kule 1000 BCE esizeni yedolobha lanamuhla Hama kwakhiwa. abasunguli Ezazimzungezile - Aramu babe ibutho sina eMpumalanga Ephakathi. I isikhungo sawo samasiko futhi uhulumeni EDamaseku futhi Hama. Kamuva ke wasungula umbuso laseKhanani kabani indawo elawula eSiriya lanamuhla. Ham futhi dolobha lakhula ngokushesha. Lesi sifunda siyindawo evundile kakhulu, okuyinto ebaluleke ikakhulukazi emazweni aseMpumalanga, lapho ngokuvamile kukhona ezingwadule. Ukuba khona emfuleni kuyazuzisa futhi ekuthuthukiseni wesifundazwe.

ukuthuthukiswa

Lo muzi lapho kwakuphambana khona imizila yezohwebo ezibalulekile. Ngakho-ke, bheka senza njalo massed abathengisi ocebile. Bazakha ezindlini okunethezeka namathempeli. Abaningi basinda ngokuphelele kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lama-20. Ngesikhathi Aleksandra Makedonskogo Ham waba into ukunakekela kwakhe. Wathumba edolobheni wawunika igama twist ngesiGreki. Phakathi nale nkathi, esifundazweni laqala ukukhula. Ngemuva kokuwa indawo Macedonian aba ngaphansi kokulawula yoMbuso WaseByzantium. Nokho, wayengakwazi ukulawula esifundeni isikhathi eside. Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu 7th Arabhu bawuthumba umuzi bese ubuyela ke igama wangaphambili.

Kusukela sokunqotshwa

Ekhulwini le-12 zaqala olandelayo basempini yenkolo, ogama umgomo kwaba oya eSiriya. UHamu wayenguyise Crusaders indlela. amasosha iNkosi yatshaya edolobheni 1108 futhi eminyakeni eyikhulu elawulwa. Le nkathi ushiye izibazi umlando okwalandela. Ngemva kwekhulu ngaphansi amaKristu reconquered esifundazweni Sultan Saladin. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kukhona useqalise zokutshala asebenzayo we isiko wendabuko.

Ngemva kokunqotshwa Saladin Ham lidlule izikhathi eziningana imibuso ehlukahlukene. Kwaphela isikhathi eside esifundazweni yoMbuso WaseTurkey elawulwa. Phakathi Okokuqala Umhlaba kwakukhona ngezihluthu, okwaphumela edolobheni baya Levant. Ngemva Okwesibili Umhlaba kwakhiwa geqe yaseSiriya. Ham wangena ngezithako zawo. Lwaba elinye lamadolobha amaningi asethuthukile.

Hamah, Syria: inkinga of Islamism

Umlando nezikulu Emasikweni ukungqubuzana indima ethile. Ngo Hama esasinawo njalo eqinile amahlelo enkolo ezahlukene. Ngo-1982, eMpumalanga Ephakathi ukuthola ngokushesha umfutho ukunyakaza olukhulu "Muslim Brotherhood", lapho ukuzamazama kwaqala khona wokuvukela iba likaHamu. Syria okwamanje isimo abhekene naso esibucayi ojulile. Ngezinye nokucindezela kwavukelwa aphonse ibutho nabezempi. lokushaya lomuzi kuye kwaholela izisulu eziningi. amasondo ezisetshenziswa ukunisela - Futhi ekulweni ikheshi ushaye elaziwayo. Nokho, wasinda a Isigodlo esihle Qasr azem.

Kakade ngo-2011, esifundazweni waphinda wahlasela izenzakalo abukhali zezombusazwe. Khona-ke waqala imibhikisho emelene nohulumeni, okuyinto ngokushesha kwaphenduka kokugqashuka kwempi yombango. Cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokuba ukuqala impi by iningi Assad umbuso abaphikisi babe Islamists olukhulu. The amaphekula nhlangano LIH ethumba ezindaweni eziningana futhi uqhuba imisebenzi asebenzayo kulesi siqondiso. Assad sika ibutho izikhathi eziningana kuletsa a okuhlaselayo yimpumelelo. Nokho, ekuqaleni 2016 namabutho Namanje ubambe ukuzivikela nenkani.