Lapho isisekelo Nizhny Novgorod? Umlando Nizhny Novgorod

Ngokwezibalo, labantu usayizi enkulu Nizhny Novgorod - abantu abangaphezu kuka-1.26 million of bezizwe ezihlukahlukene. Russian zakha ingxenye enkulu labantu bayo - 95%.

Isici esikhethekile iyona iqiniso lokuthi eziningi zalezi ephansi ibekwe emagqumeni. Lona main Ukukhangwa okungokwemvelo emangalisayo muzi wasendulo.

Isihloko zingatholakala kanye neminye imininingwane ehlobene nalokhu izingxenye emangalisayo mlando Russia: ngonyaka isisekelo of Nizhny Novgorod, indawo, umlando kwetinhlavu kanye nokunye.

Nizhny Novgorod: indawo, ulwazi olujwayelekile

Famous Russian Oka River uhlukanisa wonke umuzi ibe izingxenye 2, cishe malosvyazannye nomunye: phezulu - ehhovisi futhi zomlando, phansi - zokuhlala kanye commercial. Ayisebenzi, idolobha isendaweni namathe okuthiwa - ngesikhathi confluence imifula emikhulu: i Oka futhi iVolga.

Nizhny Novgorod isendaweni kokubili lomfula Oka futhi ibhange kwesokudla iVolga. Yena lizakhele nemiyalezo - akanasabelo ukuma ocacile, ngisho enkabeni isendaweni omuzi.

Emagqumeni aphakeme (izintaba Dyatlov) welulela yasebhange endaweni ngakwesokunene somuzi, emathafeni futhi emathafeni (kwimfunda esisempumalanga yoMfula Oka) - ibhange kwesokunxele.

Yini edonsela emzini Nizhny Novgorod? Yena beckons provincialism yakhe emangalisayo, naphezu lingakanani kanye ukusondela ukuba amazinga zaleli dolobha.

Zisashisa futhi ziyaphila kusukela eminyakeni 40 inaccessibility izikhathi Soviet Lower baba muva nje. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngo-1959, bengena emzini abafokazi yavalwa ngenxa yokuthi izivakashi ezingaphezu akanandaba izindawo zomlando kanye nezimboni zendawo (ukuzivikela). Mhlawumbe ngenxa nganeno zomlando lapha wahlala cishe njengoba yayinjalo.

Inkazimulo lawo umuzi omkhulu?

Isikhova i-great umbhali Russian Maxim Gorky (owazalwa, kwenziwa umsebenzi wakhe) kanye alwa abadumile Minin futhi Pozharsky, ekhulula edolobheni laseMoscow kusukela nabasePoland - inkazimulo ukuziqhenya edolobheni.

Enhliziyweni Nizhny Novgorod, kukhona izindlu eziningi, lapho Gorky wayehlala futhi esebenza. Lapho ukuphila komlobi ngo-1932 lapho kuhlonishwa lomzi wakhe iqanjwe kabusha Gorky nokunye ngokuthi kuze 1990.

Stone ezibiyele, amasonto amaningi ngokubabazekayo, imoto ifektri "GAS" - ebaluleke kakhulu ezikhangayo eziningi edolobheni.

Namuhla, ohlangothini omkhulu zomlando yobuciko yezakhiwo lapha eduze ne izakhiwo zesimanje ivelele.

Umlando Nizhny Novgorod

Tatar-amaMongol ahlasele wabhubhisa Nizhny Novgorod. Sekukonke, idolobha sesifeziwe ukuhlaselwa mayelana 17 emlandweni ukhona. Nokho, ngokuphindaphindiwe savuka futhi kwaqinisa isikhundla salo (kwezomnotho, kwezombusazwe, zenkolo namasiko).

Ngenxa indawo yayo evumayo womhlaba, zokuthutha kakhulu (live kanye nemifula), idolobha kwaqinisa ngempela kahle. River avunyelwe ukuthutha izimpahla ezweni lonke. Idolobhana yaziwa njengendlela ephaketheni Russia - sezohwebo ezinkulu abaneminyaka engu 18-19.

Ezinsukwini ubudala, njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, Nizhny Novgorod baduma ngenxa izinhlamvu bayo abeza ukulwa abahlaseli evela ePoland. Kwakungenxa 1612, lapho nabasePoland babe Nizhny Novgorod abezempi iphansi kwesandla sika- Kuzma Minin futhi Dmitry Pozharsky. umkhosi waminyaka yonke i-National Unity Day (November 4 th usuku) e Russia elalinikezelwe ubuqhawe yalezi namaqhawe-Nizhny Novgorod.

On endaweni (ngezansi), lapho zinhloko zabantu isikhulu sezempi ukuba silwe abahlaseli, behlonipha zabo lesikhumbuzo (zezitsha efanayo Red Square e Moscow).

Unyaka ka isisekelo Nizhny Novgorod

Kungani Novgorod "phansi"? Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-dolobha lisendaweni ngezansi Novgorod abadumile.

Empeleni, iqiniso liwukuthi phakathi kwekhulu lesi-7 nelesi, 4 amakhilomitha umlomo Oka yake wasungula ebiyelweyo Slavic zokuhlala. Njengoba kukhulunywa le Old Town kwaqhubeka kukhona kwaze kwaba ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17.

Ukunqoba e 1221, i-izintaba ngonyaka avunyelwe endaweni kunalokho kunenzuzo (ngaphezu confluence eVolga and Oka) ngokuya isu lempi ukwakha idolobha elisha "phansi". Ngaleso sikhathi ezakhiwa lapho ukhuni zobumba ezivikelweni, ingaphakathi elakhiwa lombhishobhi Uyingelosi Enkulu UMikayeli. Ngakho kwaba khona isisekelo Nizhny Novgorod.

Ezikhangayo esemqoka edolobheni

Lokhu izenzakalo zomlando ocebile umuzi omkhulu has nezakhiwo eziningana yezakhiwo. UNESCO kuhlanganisiwe Nizhny Novgorod ohlwini emadolobheni 100, emelela inani lomhlaba jikelele.

Indawo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu isikhungo esingokomlando - st. Pokrovskaya nge izakhiwo ezindala futhi izibalo zethusi omangalisayo.

Ezibiyele of Nizhny - inhliziyo edolobheni. Nizhny Novgorod base kwenzeka kule ndawo.

Nansi ilangabi okuphakade, izakhiwo zikahulumeni, namahholo amakhulu ekhonsathini, iSonto Ekulu Mikhail (lapha izinsalela Grand Dukes futhi Kuzma Minin). Kuleli qophelo, ngalokho okwenzeka base isikhathi Nizhny Novgorod.

Yamisa lesikhumbuzo eduze ezibiyele of Nizhny Novgorod iqhawe V Chkalov futhi ukhethwa izivakashi kanye izakhamuzi zedolobha of Chkalov ezitebhisini. Nge ukuphakama kwalo kuyabonakala ukubukwa amahle komfula omkhulu iVolga.

Kumila Nizhny Novgorod elihlobene ne ukwakhiwa kukhona amasonto amahle zezindela: Cathedral of the Virgin Ubusisiwe, Macarius Monastery, u-Alexander saseNevsky Cathedral (kwesokudla ngasemfuleni), Staroyarmarochny Cathedral kanye nabanye abaningi. et al.

Omunye imisebenzi ethandwa kakhulu izivakashi kukhona uhambo ngesikebhe. Phakathi cruise linikeza ukubukwa okuwumbukwane komuzi, lapho kungenwa Chkalovsky iladi Verhnepechersky sezindela.