The main izinkinga zemvelo yoLwandle Olumnyama

Okwamanje, oLwandle Olumnyama kuyingxenye ebalulekile ye-Atlantic Ocean futhi ithatha indawo 420.325 km ^2. Lihlala phezu ayizinkulungwane ezintathu zama-yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene. Isici esiphawulekayo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zonke ukwehluka ngenhla wathola ngalesi engekho ngaphezu kuka-150 m ukujula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuwela alolu, kuze kube phansi, ungabuka ukungabi oluphelele eziphilayo okumbalwa ngesimo amagciwane anaerobic. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-izingqimba ezijulile amanzi ukumela isixazululo te-hydrogen sulphide. Lokhu imvelo obhubhisayo akubo bonke abadinga yomoya-mpilo ukusebenza evamile.

Black Sea: izinkinga zemvelo

Njenganoma iyiphi enye yesimanje umzimba amanzi olwandle kungaphansi kususwe ithonya elibi izici yabantu. unyaka ngamunye amakhulu amathani izinto eziyingozi kukhishelwa in pool yayo. Ukuze ukungcola okunjalo kungaba ngokuphepha kuchasiselwe zonke manyolo organic nokumbiwa, okuyinto ngesandla esivulekile avundiswa emhlabathini isivuno esingcono. Is they, ukuwela ulwandle futhi buthelela amanzi, avuse ukukhiqizwa kabusha esebenzayo ye phytoplankton. Otmiraya uthanda izinto eziphilayo kudle-mpilo eziqukethwe kwabo amanzi futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukudala izinkinga ezithile. Black Sea okhaphethi sonke isendlalelo ulwelwe efile, okuyinto beba more and njalo ngonyaka. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokhu isici ezindaweni phansi ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kwenzeka.

Izinkinga ezithinta imvelo Sea njengoba kuchazwe lezi zinto ezilandelayo ezimbi:

1. Ukonakala ka thutheleka fula kuwo, zokuthuthwa kwetshe lentaba amanzi emvula. Lokhu kubandakanya hhayi kuphela ukwehla emanzini obala kanye ulwandle izimbali, kodwa futhi ukubhujiswa ulwelwe ezinamangqamuzana amaningi.

2. Ukonakala ka amanzi uquqaba uwoyela. Okunjalo izinkinga zemvelo yoLwandle Olumnyama zivame kakhulu ezitholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye endaweni, lapho kukhona emathekwini amaningi futhi inani elikhulu umkhumbi. Umphumela kokufa sebuningini yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene, ukuphazamiseka ukuphila kwabo okuvamile, kodwa futhi isimo Ukuwohloka emkhathini ngenxa ukuhwamuka lamafutha nemikhiqizo yalo.

3. Kwemoya imikhiqizo amanzi mass yizenzo zabantu. Izinkinga ezinjalo zemvelo zibangelwa Sea indle ingelashwa futhi Akakwazanga ngayo. Umthwalo oyinhloko ewela engxenyeni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga nesifunda. Kukhona futhi izindawo eziyinhloko zezinhlanzi zidala kanye ukufuya nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene izilwane nezinyoni. Esinye isici esibalulekile isakhiwo asebenzayo ogwini. Ngenxa yalokho, ebusweni phansi eshalofini Black Sea ingcoliswe uthuli usimende izinsalela of amakhemikhali asetshenziswe ukwakhiwa.

4. Izinto ezimbi kungase kuhlanganise mass ukudoba, oluhilela ongenakuvinjelwa futhi kabusha lembulunga yonke elinezinto ezinhlobonhlobo sezinto eziphila olwandle.

Lezi izinkinga main kwemvelo yoLwandle Olumnyama.