Udizili particulate izihlungi. Ukuqokwa idivayisi, isimiso yokusebenza

Ukwethulwa kwe amazinga amasha kwemvelo izimoto nokuphoqa abakhiqizi ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe okuthuthukile ezenza imikhiqizo yabo ekuhambisaneni nale migomo. nezifiso ezinjalo ngenxa ukuvela ngokuvalela yonke imikhaya izinjini okubonisa ongaphakeme-ekushayweni ukucutshungulwa imikhiqizo. Umsebenzi kuyaqhubeka kwezinye izindawo. Ngakho, ngo-2004 kwaba khona idizili particulate ukuhlunga kwehlisa kwekhabhoni elimazayo. Nakuba ngesikhathi buqala kwakungeyona kabanzi ngakho ziphoqa, onjiniyela baye baqhubeka ukuthuthukisa umqondo, futhi namuhla, ngokuvumelana "Euro 5" okuvamile, ukutholakala idivayisi design imoto uyisidingo.

Kungani isidingo isihlungi particulate?

Amadivayisi yalolu hlobo kuyizindlela aftertreatment amagesi qeda. Ngokushesha kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi izihlungi udizili particulate elisetshenziswa izinjini udizili kuphela. Amayunithi likaphethiloli ka Analogue uba kulethe. Injongo eyinhloko yawo ukufakwa ukususa ezinobuthi kusukela qeda. Okunjalo ekucubunguleni amagesi futhi kwenza imoto ngaphezulu imvelo. Izihlungi ingase ibe khona ehlukile kudivayisi, kodwa ukwenza kwinkinga okuqukethwe umule e qeda ukusebenza 80%.

Ngeshwa, ukusebenza kwalesi umsebenzi kufaka eziningi nezinye izinkinga, iningi ezihlobene ukusevisa lemifanekiso uqobo. Njengoba igesi ukucutshungulwa apharathasi ingcoliswe futhi lidinga ukuhlanzwa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izihlungi particulate ayasuswa futhi ukufakwa yabo indawo izingxenye ezintsha aftertreatment.

Idivayisi isihlungi

Block ibekwe ngemuva Converter okhanda amanye amathuba. Ezinye izihlungi futhi uvumele ukuhlukahluka inhlanganisela yayo kwesakhiwo kanye namachibi kulethe. Ezimweni ezinjalo itholakala ngemuva ezininginingi qeda, lapho kukhona igesi lokushisa esiphezulu. Isakhi esiyinhloko matrix ibekwe endaweni bezinhlamvu metal. Leyo mikhumbi ejwayelekile ke wenziwe Silicon Carbide, okuyinto lihlukile isakhiwo solwazi amancane iziteshi cross kwesigaba. Empeleni, isakhiwo ukungena nakwamanye amazwe izindonga side kulezi ziteshi futhi inikeza ukuhlanzwa. Okubalulekile, lemifanekiso udizili particulate kumane nje kuyingxenye yomthwalo lahlukene izinhlelo namadivayisi ehilelekile ukuhamba komsebenzi. Kuleli qembu Kuhilela lokushisa izinzwa, amandla iyunithi, ikhompyutha ibhodi, a turbocharger futhi t. D. Enye into ukuthi lemifanekiso haya lokugcina yokuhlanza umsebenzi ngakhoke kubhekwe njengento eyamsiza, kusukela elimazayo nokobana zemvelo.

Umgomo we operation

Yonke inqubo kungenziwa ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili - ukuqaliswa ngqo of ukuhlunga umule ukuvuselelwa. In the isinyathelo kuqala carbon black izinhlayiya sihlupheka, bese imali kwi izindonga zokuhlunga. Kule ndaba, oyinkinga kakhulu kukhona izinhlayiya ezincane kuya ku-1 Micron, njengoba isisindo sabo ongaphakeme kuvimbela yeziboshwa. Nakuba inani izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi kuyinto% 5 kuphela wezindleko, zingabantu nje kuyingozi kakhulu abantu. Nokho, particulate lanamuhla izihlungi akuvumela ukuba ukwazi ukuphatha ngempumelelo futhi ukucubungula izinhlayiya ezinjalo. Okwesibili ukuvuselelwa Niyobe imali izinto. Iqiniso lokuthi ekuqongeleleni yabo inqwaba ilimaza hhayi kuphela yena lemifanekiso, kodwa futhi kunciphisa amandla injini njengoba ukwakha isithiyo ukudlula igesi esilandelayo. Kule ndaba, izinyathelo ukuhlanza amadivayisi umule ayingxenye esiyisibopho kusevisi yemoto.

Passive isihlungi yokuhlanza

Lolu hlobo of ukwelashwa isetjenziswa ngenxa okusezingeni eliphezulu qeda gas okushisa elingase afinyelele 600 ° C. Olunye uhlobo yokwenziwa ukuvuselelwa indlela ukwethula izithasiselo ehlukahlukene ku uphethiloli ukuqinisekisa amandla omlilo kahle yentshede. Kulokhu futhi, kukhona nethonya lokushisa, kodwa ezingeni ka 400-500 ° C. Track imodi ivumela ezishisayo umphumela inzwa particulate lemifanekiso, olawula futhi ezinye kwemigomo injini. Nokho, ezimweni ezithile imoto yokusebenza, ukuhlunga yokwenziwa kuyize noma kungenzeki nhlobo.

Obusebenzayo yokuhlanza

Lokhu kwenza ukuba abantu indlela nokuhlanza lemifanekiso, ogxile ekhethekile lokushisa eliphezulu qeda gas imvelo. Yebo, ukuqongelela ekugcineni izimo ezinjalo umule kancane kancane yokuqothulwa. Okubalulekile kule yokuhlanza asebenzayo - ngendlela ifinyelela okushisa aphakeme. Phakathi izindlela ezivame kakhulu isehlane ngasekupheleni fuel injection, ukunikezelwa udizili qeda sohlangothi Ukushisa nge-microwave. Kwezinye izimo, wokuhlanza lemifanekiso udizili kuyizinhlayiyana is bakhiqiza heater kagesi. Idivayisi ingafakwa eduze idivayisi yokuhlanza, kodwa ngaphambi kwalesi ukucushwa kufanele kubhekwe ukubeka ngokucophelela izingxenye zalo. yokutakula okusebenzayo futhi iphethwe ngosizo izinzwa - ikakhulukazi, ezisetjenziswako ukukala ingcindezi kanye lokushisa.

Indlela ukususa particulate isihlungi?

Naphezu ukusetshenziswa yesimanje uhlanzekile izinhlelo izihluzi yalolu hlobo ngokushesha noma kamuva uqale liphazamisane nomsebenzi we injini. Lokhu kuvezwa obala umule accumulations ezingenziwanga isuswe izindlela enikeziwe. Okuphuma kulezi zimo kungaba ukuliqaqa idivayisi. Futhi lesi senzakalo wenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Ukusebenza lokuqala inhlukano wenziwa, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho adiliza isihlungi ngqo particulate. Intengo ye-inqubo kuhluka 7 kuya kwezingu-12. Hlikihla. By the way, ukufakwa ukuhlunga okusha balinganiselwa ku ayizinkulungwane 30-40. Hlikihla., Ambalwa Ngakho alinge ukuqedela sokuvuselela uhlelo yokuhlanza. Isinyathelo sesibili siqukethe ekususeni isofthiwe kudivayisi ngumkhiqizi ubhalwe kabusha kokulawulwa injini iyunithi.

isiphetho

kwemvelo amazinga Onjiniyela maqondana izimoto, yebo, obakhathalelayo Ngokuzayo lwesintu futhi abafuna abakhiqizi eMpumalanga ku isiqondiso nomusa kakhulu mayelana nomthelela emvelweni. Ekugcineni umkhiqizo enye yalezi zindawo futhi babe particulate nezihlungi ukunciphisa umthelela elimazayo emvelweni. Ngokwenza kanjalo, abashayeli bangahlangana ndawonye nge ukufakwa entsha eziningi izinkinga. Engingakusho nje ukusho isidingo zokuqapha njalo ukusebenza ukuvuselelwa zokuhlunga. Endabeni ka enganele self-yokuhlanza amadivayisi umnikazi imoto kodwa akukho okunye angakwenza ukususa block noma esikhundleni salo ukuhlunga okusha. Kodwa ezimweni zombili izindleko kuyoba akunakugwenywa.