Uhlelo ibhasi

Amapholisa athi ibhasi le uhlelo yakhelwe ukuqaliswa processor yokuxhumana kumadivayisi angaphandle kule khompyutha esebenzisa ukulawula amadivaysi ekhethekile - adapters noma abalawuli. Zonke yakamuva exhunywe kwi-ibhasi uhlelo esebenzisa nezixhumi ejwayelekile. Tyres kungenziwa ihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu ngokuvumelana imisebenzi yabo: ikheli, idatha nokulawula, okuyizinto ezahlukene izwi ubude, okusho inombolo idatha edabula kubo. Uhlobo idivayisi buvezwa ijubane PC.

Amapholisa athi ibhasi le uhlelo ungasebenza mazinga alandelayo ayisisekelo: MCA, ISA, UVesa, EISA, PCI. Kwaphela isikhathi eside ibhasi ISAYA ubhekwa indinganiso okuthile emkhakheni-computer abo siqu. It lakhiwe ngesisekelo ayisishiyagalombili-bit uhlelo ibhasi le-IBM PC XT futhi IBM PC. It was hlinzeka for eziyisishiyagalombili uphazamisa imigqa interfacing namadivayisi zangaphandle, kanye imigqa emine ukufinyelela inkumbulo ngqo.

Umsebenzi uhlelo ibhasi microprocessor ukusebenza imvamisa ka 4,77 MHz. A isivinini ukuthumela idatha kungaba mayelana 4.5 MB ngomzuzwana. Ngo isizukulwane esilandelayo amakhompyutha isetshenzisiwe ibhasi-hexadecimal, okuyinto ngenxa ikheli imigqa 24 ovunyelwe afeze isikhalazo ngqo RAM, kuyilapho lingakanani 16 MB.

Kulesi ibhasi eyishumi nesithupha hardware iphazamisa lalisetshenziswa esikhundleni eziyisishiyagalombili, kuyilapho inani labantu okufanele iziteshi ukufinyelela ngqo ulwazi kuhlanganisa kakade eziyisishiyagalombili kunokuba amane. Manje ibhasi usebenza asynchronously ukuba microprocessor ngesikhathi imvamisa 6 MHz, futhi lokhu kuye kwaholela ukwandisa isivinini yokudlulisela kuze kube 16MB ngomzuzwana. Manje yanikezwa ithuba ukusebenza kumadivayisi ongaphakeme-speed, kodwa akakwazanga ukuhlinzeka ekusebenzeni amadivayisi yesimanje. Saba nomthelela for kokusungulwa ezinhlobo entsha uhlelo amabhasi.

Ngo-1987 yasungulwa a ISAYA uhlelo ibhasi, waba ngowokuqala ephezulu ukusebenza. It ayehlukile ngesimo sawo ukuthi ijubane layo uma igijima kwaba 10 MHz kanye ibhasi isiphenduke-bit 32, futhi lokho kwenza izinga ukudluliselwa ku-20 MB ngomzuzwana. Nokho, ngenxa ukungavumelani phakathi ithayi kwakungenakwenzeka ukusebenzisa isilawuli for ISAYA ibhasi, ngenxa okuyinto izakhiwo ayitholakali isicelo olunzulu.

Amapholisa athi ibhasi le uhlelo EISA yasungulwa ngo-1989, kwaba i version ende ISA. It ikuvumela ukufaka nezixhumi hhayi kuphela abalawuli zabo siqu, kodwa futhi labo ababengamaTopiya ISA. Kwasebenza nge imvamisa 8-10 MHz, nakuba ikhono salo 32, okuvumela ngqo 4 GB, ekufezeni Imininingwane exchange rate 33 Mbytes ngomzuzwana. A kusimo yalesi sebhasi izinga eliphansi exchange of ulwazi ukucutshungulwa ihluzo, izithombe, kanye intengo kuqhathaniswa eliphezulu abalawuli.

Amapholisa athi ibhasi le PCI lwenzelwe entsha processor Pentium, kodwa lungasetshenziswa kwezinye izingxenyekazi. It ikuvumela ukuxhuma wena kumadivayisi ezahlukene eziyishumi. Lokhu ibhasi isetshenziswa idatha uthumele 32 noma u-64, futhi ijubane ukudluliswa kwaba 132 264 MB ngomzuzwana.

Manje amapulangwe uhlelo axhunyiwe kwamanye amadivayisi nge ibhasi AGP, okuvumela ikhadi ihluzo ukusebenzisa RAM PC. Wakwazi sibhekane ngokuphumelelayo ihluzo yesimanje, lapho kufanele ukuhambisa qapha ngesivinini, lokho kunzima ukusingatha PCI. Lapho usebenzisa i-PCI wayenethonya okungalungile ukwandisa imemori kuvidiyo ngenxa elinganiselwe isivinini kanye ibhasi-bandwidth. Imvamisa uhlelo AGP ibhasi ivumela exchange kolwazi phakathi kwememori uhlelo kanye inkumbulo ividiyo ngqo, okuyinto awutholakali uma usebenzisa ezinye izindinganiso lezi amadivaysi.