Lokhu "ukuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine"

Indlu yokuqala yomuntu ngamunye - isizalo sikamama - cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi sinobubele futhi sinethezekile. Noma kunjalo, amasonto angu-38 (cishe izinsuku ezingu-266) phakathi kokukhulelwa nokubeletha kubhekene nosongo olukhulu empilweni, ikakhulukazi emavikini ayisishiyagalombili okuqala, kunanoma yikuphi abanye kulo lonke ukuphila okulandelayo kuze kube yiminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye. Kodwa, naphezu kweengozi engaba khona, izingane eziningi zilapha enempilo ngokuphelele futhi ngesikhathi.

Ngokwesiko, odokotela bahlukana nentuthuko ye-intrauterine ibe yizigaba ezintathu ezilandelanayo - i-trimester:

• Owokuqala uphela amasonto angu-12;
• Owesibili - kusukela emavikini angu-12 ukuya kwangu-28;
• Okwesithathu - kusukela emavikini angu-28 kuze kube sekuzalweni kwengane.

Ososayensi-biologists kanye embryologists, futhi, bakhetha ukuhlukanisa intrauterine ukungafani 3 ngesikhathi: embryonic, fetal kanye fetal.

Sonke siqala uhambo lwethu njengendaba engapheli, efana namaseli amabili ahlangene aqukethe ama-chromosomes angu-46, futhi nawo athatha inani elingenakulinganiswa lolwazi mayelana nalokhu kuphila okusha okuzalwa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi e-China, kuthathwa njengosuku lokuzalwa lokuba usuku lokukhulelwa, hhayi ukubonakala kwengane. Lesi siko, kufanele sibone, sithinta kakhulu inani lokukhipha isisu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwengane ye- intrauterine ngeviki :

Amaviki angu-0-2. Uhlu lokuqala lweqanda olukhulelwe luqala amahora angu-24-36 emva kokukhulelwa. Phakathi namahora angu-40 okuqala ngemva kokuhlukaniswa kokuqala, wonke amaseli asefana. I-zygote yezinsuku ezingu-3-4 iqukethe amaseli angu-12-16 futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-morula, ubukhulu bayo cishe bulingana ne-pinhead. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-4, amaseli ahlukanisayo aqala ukuhlukanisa futhi ahlukaniswe ngamashidi amabili e- embryonic: ungqimba lwangaphandle luhlanganisa imvilophu evikelayo embryo-i-placenta yesikhathi esizayo, futhi i-germ ngokwayo iyokwakhiwa ngaphakathi kwe-embryo. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwenzeka emgodini we-fallopian, okwenza kube nokwakhiwa kwe-blastocyst. Khona-ke isondela esibelethweni, ingena emgodleni wayo futhi ifakwe odongeni lwe-uterine kuya ku-endometrium - le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-implantation. Kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezingu-10-14 zokukhulelwa. Kulesi sigaba, i-embryo inqanyulwa futhi intuthuko ye-intrauterine i-embryonic iqala. Cishe ama-60% we-blastocysts ayinamathelisi odongeni lwe-uterine futhi, ngakho-ke, awaphili esikhathini sokubambile. Abaningi babo baneziphambeko ezinkulu ekuthuthukisweni. Ngakho-ke, imvelo ayivumeli ukuzalwa kwabantu abangenakuvikelwa.

Amaviki angu-3-8. Isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwamabriyoni siqala. Kulesi sigaba, ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene okucindezela isimiso somzimba samasosha omzimba, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulahla izicubu zomntwana ongakazalwa njengomzimba wangaphandle esibelethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hormone i-gonadotropin ye-hormone ihlanganiswa ngokugcwele (ngesisekelo sokuthi ukukhulelwa kuyatholakala) - ivimba umjikelezo wesifazane wesimiso. Futhi, ukuqina kwesimetabolism (ngo-10-25%), ukuphefumula, ukujikeleza kwegazi kwanda. Kusukela ngesonto lesithathu lokuthuthukiswa kwengane ezayo esikhathini esibucayi kakhulu sokukhula. I-trimester yokuqala yentuthuko yisikhathi se-morphogenesis, lapho zonke izicubu nezitho zomuntu zibeka. Ososayensi bathi le nkathi iyindlela ephelele kunazo zonke engacatshangelwa! Ngisho ukuklama nokuqaliswa kwezikhala ze-satellites ezihlanganisa izinkulungwane zabantu namadivaysi kagesi akuzona ezinzima njengokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine yomuntu!

Kulesi sigaba, ukukhipha izisu eziningi ngokuzenzakalelayo kwenzeka, ngenxa yobukhona beziphambeko ezinkulu ze-chromosomal. Futhi, amathuba okukhulelwa kwesisu ngenxa yezimo ezingafanele esibelethweni sowesifazane siphezulu. Ama-embryo ayisithupha kuphela ayisinda emavikini angu-8. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umbungu uzwela kakhulu emathonyeni amabi angaphandle, ngakho owesifazane kufanele aqaphele futhi agweme ukuthatha imithi, ukuphuza utshwala, ukubhema.

Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthonya i-morphology yengane.

Emasontweni ama-3, ubukhulu bombungu budlula owokuqala ngezikhathi ezingu-10 000.

Evikini lesi-3 lentuthuko, kusetshenzwa ithebhu ye-neural - isakhiwo somqondo nobuchopho bomgogodla, intambo yomzimba kanye ne-placenta.

Isonto eli-4 Ekupheleni kwamasonto amane uqala ukushaya ngokuhlukile kumama. Amehlo aqala ukwakha. I-tube ye-neural ivala. Izinga lokukhula lombungu liwu-1 mm ngosuku.

Iviki eli-5 - usuvele ucabangele izingalo nemilenze yengane ezayo.

Isonto eli-6 - izitho zocansi ziqala ukwakha. Ngehluleka kuleli sigaba, kungenzeka ukuthi udale umuntu onezibonakaliso zombili zobulili. Ngalesi sikhathi, umbungu usuvele ubonakala ku-ultrasound.

Ngeviki lesi-7, kungenzeka ukudala ukukhubazeka okunjalo ebusweni njengemlomo wempisi. I-skeleton yenziwa.

Ngeviki lesishiyagalombili inqubo yokwakhiwa kwezitho ezisemqoka iphela. Ukukhula okusheshayo kobuchopho kuqala.

Kusukela ngeviki lesishiyagalolunye , ukuqala kwesikhathi sokukhula kokubeletha kuqala. Kusukela ngeviki le-13, i-trietter yesibili ye-obstetric yokukhulelwa iqala. Ngalesi sikhathi ingane ibukeka njengengane esanda kuzalwa, kuphela usayizi omncane. Nakuba ikhanda lisahle kakhulu. Umzimba uqondisa futhi ukhula. Umama wesikhathi esizayo ubonisa ukuphakama kwamandla. Naphezu kwezingozi ezingase zibe khona, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo, njengoba umthetho, kuyaphumelela. Kulesi sigaba, ubuchopho buqala ukusebenza.

Emibhalweni yamuva, azikho izinguquko eziyisisekelo: i-fetus iyanda ngobukhulu, izitho zayo zithuthukisiwe, ngamasonto angu-16 umama usuvele ezwa ukunyakaza kwayo, ngeviki lama-20, izinwele ziqala ukukhula.

Ngenyanga yesishiyagalolunye ingane ikwazi ukuphefumula ngokwayo, igaye ukudla, imisebenzi ye- excretory ngokugcwele . Endabeni yokubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi ingane ingakwazi ukuhlala yedwa yedwa.

Kubonakala ukuthi ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule zokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine ingane ingase isabele kakade ezweni elizungezile. Uhamba ngenkuthalo, ahlasele, akhala. Izitho zomqondo eziyinhloko zakhiwa: iphunga, ukuthinta, ukunambitheka, ukubona, ukuzwa. Kusukela ngesonto le-16 lentuthuko ingane iphendula umsindo (ihlukanisa amazwi), ilula.

Ngenxa yalokho, ngosuku olungama-266 ingane ekugcineni ithatha ikhanda phansi futhi selikulungele ukuzalwa.

Ngama-5% kuphela amacala, ukufiphala kwe-fetal okuzenzakalelayo kubonakala ngasemuva (emva kwamasonto angu-22).

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Fetal ye-fetus yamaviki kuyolwazi olubaluleke kakhulu: kumama - ukuqonda izinqubo ezithombeni zomuntu siqu nezingozi ezihambisana nazo, odokotela - ukuqapha ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus, kanye nomphakathi wonke - ukuqonda lokho kusukela ngaleso sikhathi Ukucubungula kuqala inqubo esheshayo neyinkimbinkimbi yokwenza impilo entsha, kunokuba i-biomass yokuqala.