Ubuciko bubonakaliso bokuphila. Isihloko esiyinhloko sokutadisha nezithombe kuzo zonke izigaba zayo ngumuntu, okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kwangaphakathi nezici zangaphandle, izenzo nokuziphatha.
Umqondo wesithombe
Incazelo yokubonakala komuntu onemininingwane enembile ebizwa ngokuthi i-portrait. Leli gama lafika kithi kusukela olimini lwesiFulentshi oludala futhi luhunyushwe ngokoqobo ngokuthi "ukukhiqizwa kwesici kuDeveli." Isithombe singaba sangempela futhi siqambe, njengoba siphila manje, futhi sasikhona kanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mdwebo ubonisa umuntu oyedwa noma iqembu labantu. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zobuciko, ngakho-ke uhlobo lwe-portrait lukhona ezinhlotsheni zobuciko njengemidwebo, ihluzo, ukudweba, ukuqoshwa, izithombe, izincwadi, i-cinema. Ngamunye wabo unesethi yaso "yamathuluzi okusebenza". Igama elithi "portrait" linencazelo ebanzi futhi emincane. Ukuphazamisa kubhekisela ekudlulisweni kwedatha yangaphandle yomuntu ngamunye, futhi ububanzi buhlanganisa isithombe sezimfanelo zobunjwa, isimo sengqondo somzwelo, isimo somphakathi somodeli.
I-Portrait ezincwadini
Cishe akukho msebenzi wokubhala ongobuciko ongeke ukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwamahlamvu abamba iqhaza - amaqhawe. Futhi ngisho noma umlobi engasitsheli ngombala wamehlo ka-Onegin, kwenye, imininingwane egciniwe ecacile, sicabanga ubuso bakhe emcabangweni. Uma udala isithombe esivela emsebenzini wokubhala , umsebenzi womlobi ukudalula hhayi kuphela umuntu, kodwa futhi nezici zobuningi ezijwayelekile. Omunye umsebenzi wokuchaza ukubonakala kubonisa isimo sengqondo somlobi ku-hero, ukudluliswa kwemidwebo yemibono ye-ideological kanye neyesemantic yomsebenzi (isibonelo, ukubukeka kukaBazarov kusuka encwadini kaTurgenev). Ngakho-ke, i-portrait yombhalo iqukethe imininingwane enjalo: isibalo, ubuso, ubuso, ubuso , izingubo, indlela yokuhamba, ukukhuluma, njll. Abalobi basebenzisa ama-straits noma ama-straits ashukumisayo. Ngokubhekisela enkulumweni kaTurgenev ethi "Obaba nezingane" izithombe ezimisiwe yiKushina, Sitnikova, Fenechka. I-dynamic, i.e. Ukuthuthukisa ngesikhathi - Bazarov.
I-Portrait eTurgenev
I-Turgenev ibhekwa ngokufanele njengenkosi ye- portrait yengqondo. Ukuchaza lo muntu noma lowo mlingiswa, ukhetha imininingwane enjalo yokukhuluma ecishe ibe nomthelela we-cinematic. Izindlela zesithombe yiqiniso, igama. Isichazamazwi sezinhlaka ezahlukene zezakhiwo, isichazamazwi (izibalo, izingqikithi, izakhi zokukhuluma ezikhethekile, izinhlobonhlobo zokwenza izinto) - kunjalo isitoreji somlobi, esinekhono elihle. Ake siqinisekise lokhu ngokuhlaziya ukubukeka kukaBazarov.
Ukubukeka nokuvela
U-Yevgeny Vasilyevich Bazarov - umlingisi oyinhloko wencwadi ethi "Obaba Nezingane", isebenza ngokubaluleka nokuphikisana, okubangela ukuhlukana komlobi nomagazini othi "Contemporary". Ukungqubuzana okukhulu, okungazungeza isibalo se-nihilist encane, kwafakazela ukuthi inoveli kanye nabalingiswa bayo bafanele kanjani. Ngakho-ke, yini ephawulekayo ngokubonakala kukaBazarov? Okokuqala, kubhekisela ngqo kulokho akuyona imvelaphi ehloniphekile. Izandla zeqhawe azigqoke amagilavu, kodwa ze-ze, ukushiswa kwesimo sezulu, esinesikhumba esibomvu. Kubonakala ukuthi akagwemi umsebenzi womzimba, umsebenzi "ongcolile". Lapho kukhona khona i-esthete ye-esthete kaPavel Petrovich Kirsanov enezinqola ezimhlophe zeqhwa, izandla ezimsulwa ezihlanzekile nezipikili ezihlotshisiwe! "Plebeystvo" akugcini nje ukubonakala kukaBazarov, kodwa izingubo zakhe. Ngokuqondile, "izingubo", njengoba ebiza i-hoodie yehlobo. Uma sicabanga ukuthi ama-portraits kaTurgenev avame ukunikezwa ngokungaqondile, kwanele ukukhumbula ngalokho okwenqabela uProfych wakhe, inceku endala yamaKirsanovs, ethatha imibono yabo nemibono yabo. Ngakho-ke, ukubukeka kukaJevgeny Bazarov kuphinde kugcizelele, ngakolunye uhlangothi - i-raznochinennost yayo, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi - ukungafani nakho konke okwenza ukuphila kwansuku zonke kwabakhileyo "esidlekeni sabahloniphekile".
Uhlamvu lomuntu olungavamile
Ukudala isithombe seqhawe lakhe, uTurgenev ngazo zonke izindlela uzama ukugcizelela ukungabonakali kwalo, isici. U-Yevgeny Vasilyevich uyisibi, kodwa noma ubani ombona akakwazi ukusiza ukunaka. Izici futhi ezithakazelisayo zeBazarov. Ukubukeka kugcizelela isithunzi sakhe, ngaphandle kokufihla, noma kunjalo, ukwehluleka. Ngakho-ke, umlobi uyidonsa kanjani? Ukukhula okuphezulu kuka-Eugene kubonakala emehlweni, amandla avela ngokomzimba. Esikhathini eside, izinwele ezithintekayo azifihli ukungalingani kwegazi elikhulu. Ukushisa kweSandy kugcizelela ukuqina. Amehlo aluhlaza aphezulu, acacisa. Izwi livilapha, kodwa liyiqhawe. Ubuso buthule futhi buhlungu kakhulu bukhanyiswa ngokumomotheka futhi kuveza ingqondo nokuzethemba. Njengoba sibona, embukisweni wezithombe, umlobi usebenzisa indlela yokuphambene, futhi ngaphambi kwethu kuza umuntu ongavamile, "okhethekile," njengoba u-Arkady Kirsanov ekhuluma ngaye. Ukubukeka kwe-Nedvoryanska, umsuka weBazarov - konke kuxhunyaniswa lapha. I-Democratism, amandla okuziphatha, ukuzimisela nokuzimisela, noma kunjalo, kubanjwe kahle - yilokho esikufundayo phakathi kwemigqa ekufanekiseni umdwebo womlingiswa.
Ukuhamba komphefumulo
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, i-portraits emisebenzini ye-Turgenev ingokwengqondo, inamandla. Umbhali ngokusebenzisa izinguquko ekubukeni kudlulisa ukunyakaza okuyimfihlo komphefumulo, shades ngokomzwelo, ukushintsha kwemizwelo. Nazi izimpikiswano zamaqhawe-abaphikisi kuleveli. U-Evgenia uhlukile kumaKirsanovs, ikakhulukazi uPavel Petrovich. Imikhuba yobuKristu yalesi sivumelwano idabukisa insizwa yase-Nihilist. Kodwa, eqaphela ukuthi akekho ohlanganyela ngezinkolelo zakhe, u-Yevgeny Bazarov uzama ukuziphatha kahle. Incazelo yokubukeka kwakhe, ukulinganisa ukunyakaza kanye nokushintsha esimweni somzimba ngenkathi izingxoxo zibonisa ukushisa kancane kancane kolaka, intukuthelo nezinye imizwelo. Ngakho, u-Turgenev uvame ukuthi u-Eugene ukhuluma noma uphendula "ngesibindi," nangokuthi "ukuhlambalaza okhethekile." Ubuso bakhe buzuza "umbala wethusi nowomile." Kuvame ukukhanyisa ukumomotheka okunomusa. Kodwa ukunyakaza komphefumulo weqhawe kunamandla kakhulu uma umbhali echaza ukungqubuzana kwakhe kwangaphakathi.
Amathandani indaba ne-portrait izici
Labo abafunda ngokucophelela leveli, mhlawumbe banakekele lesi sici. U-Yevgeny Vasilievich ubonakala ngathi umuntu ononya, onobuhlungu, ofihliwe kahle. Uhleka konke okungenani kancane kunengqondo. Udokotela, i-physiologist, isazi samakhemikhali, isb. Umlandeli wesayensi yemvelo, iqhawe kanye nobuhlobo bomuntu ubona izinqubo zokuphila kuphela. Akaqapheli uthando njengesibonakaliso sokomoya ophakeme. Ehlelwe ubuhle buka-Odintsov, uthi: "Umzimba onjalo ocebile, ngisho nasenkundleni yemidlalo yasendulo." Nokho, ukuzwa ukukhathazeka okujulile nokujulile kuka-Anna Sergeyevna, u-Evgeny walahlekelwa isisindo, iphrofayili yakhe yaqondiswa, ukunyakaza kwaphela. Ikakhulukazi imizwelo yayiyindawo yokuchazwa kwamaqhawe. Futhi umhlangano wabo wokugcina, lapho iBase Umgodla uthi u-Odintsov uqobo, uthintana kakhulu futhi uhle kakhulu. Ubuso bakhe "bufile", "buvutha", amehlo "aguqukile". Babonisa "ukuthuthumela okukhulu."
Ukuqhathaniswa kukaPavel Petrovich Kirsanov noJevgeny Bazarov
Abafundi beveli bazoba yiBazarov ecacile (ukubukeka, umsuka, imfundo), uma uqhathanisa nomphikisi omkhulu weqhawe - uPavel Petrovich. I-aristocrat Kirsanov, umngane womshana wakhe - "lesi siboya," "plebeian and cynic." Uthukuthele ngendlela isivakashi eziphatha ngayo: UVavel Petrovich usolwa ukuthi u-Eugene, "indodana yendodana", akamhloniphi! Ngakho kunjalo. Futhi ekwamukelweni okuhlukile, umlobi ubonisa indlela abalingiswa abahluke ngayo.
Njengoba sibonile, ukudweba isithombe kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlukanisa izici.